An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
Alfven point
  نقطه‌ی ِ آلفون   
noqte-ye Alfvén

Fr.: point d'Alfvén   

In magnetized disk models, the point where the → poloidal velocity equals the → Alfven speed. Within this point, the magnetic energy density dominates, and the gas is forced to flow along the field lines. Well beyond this point, the kinetic energy acquired by the flowing gas prevails and the field is forced to follow the flow.

Alfven wave; → point.

Alfven radius
  شعاع ِ آلفون   
šo'â'-e Alfvén

Fr.: rayon d'Alfvén   

1) In theories of magnetized → accretion disks, the distance from a non-rotating star where the → free fall of a spherical accretion flow is stopped, which occurs where the → ram pressure of the infalling matter equals the → magnetic pressure of the star.
2) More generally, the distance from an accreting or wind-blowing star where the → Alfvén Mach number of the flow (→ inflow or → outflow) is unity.

Alfvén wave; → radius.

Alfvén radius
  شعاع ِ آلفون   
šo'â'-e Alfvén

Fr.: rayon d'Alfvén   

1) In theories of magnetized → accretion disks, the distance from a non-rotating star where the → free fall of a spherical accretion flow is stopped, which occurs where the → ram pressure of the infalling matter equals the → magnetic pressure of the star.
2) The distance from an accreting or wind-blowing star where the → Alfvén Mach number of the flow (→ inflow or → outflow) is unity.

Alfvén wave; → radius.

Alfvén speed
  تندا‌ی ِ آلفون   
tondâ-ye Alfvén

Fr.: vitesse d'Alfvén   

The speed at which → Alfven waves are propagated along the magnetic field. It is a characteristic velocity at which perturbations of the lines of force travel. Alfvén speed is given by: vA = B/(μ0.ρ)1/2, where B is the → magnetic field strength, μ0 is the → magnetic permeability, and ρ is the density of the plasma. Alfvén speed plays a role analogous to the sound speed in non-magnetized fluid dynamics. Same as Alfvén velocity.

Alfvén wave; → speed.

Alfven speed
  تندا‌ی ِ آلفون   
tondâ-ye Alfvén

Fr.: vitesse d'Alfvén   

The speed at which → Alfven waves are propagated along the magnetic field. It is a characteristic velocity at which perturbations of the lines of force travel. Alfvén speed is given by: vA = B/(μ0.ρ)1/2, where B is the → magnetic field strength, μ0 is the → magnetic permeability, and ρ is the density of the plasma. Alfvén speed plays a role analogous to the sound speed in non-magnetized fluid dynamics. Same as Alfvén velocity.

Alfvén wave; → speed.

Alfven surface
  رویه‌ی ِ آلفون   
ruye-ye Alfvén

Fr.: surface d'Alfvén   

In a magnetized wind, the geometric loci of the points where the magnetic pressure equals the flow pressure. See also → Alfven point.

Alfven wave; → surface.

Alfven velocity
  تندای ِ آلفون   
tondâ-ye Alfvén

Fr.: vitesse d'Alfvén   

same as → Alfven speed.

Alfven wave; → velocity.

Alfven wave
  موج ِ آلفون   
mowj-e Alfvén

Fr.: onde d'Alfvén   

A → magnetohydrodynamic wave in a → magnetized plasma, arising as a result of restoring forces associated with the magnetic field. It is a → transverse wave which propagates in the direction of the magnetic field. Also called magnetohydrodynamic wave.

Named after Hannes Alfvén (1908-1995), Swedish physicist, who developed the theory of → magnetohydrodynamics, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1970; → wave.

Alfvén wave
  موج ِ آلفون   
mowj-e Alfvén

Fr.: onde d'Alfvén   

A → magnetohydrodynamic wave in a → magnetized plasma, arising as a result of restoring forces associated with the magnetic field. It is a → transverse wave which propagates in the direction of the magnetic field. Also called magnetohydrodynamic wave.

Named after Hannes Alfvén (1908-1995), Swedish physicist, who developed the theory of → magnetohydrodynamics, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1970; → wave.

Alfvénic
  آلفونیک   
Alfvenik

Fr.: alfvénicité   

Involving → Alfvén waves.

Alfvénic; → -ity.

Alfvenic
  آلفونیک   
Alfvenik

Fr.: alfvénicité   

Involving → Alfvén waves.

Alfvénic; → -ity.

Alfvenic fluctuation
  افتاخیز ِ آلفونیک   
oftâxiz-e Alfvenik

Fr.: fluctuation alfvénique   

Large amplitude fluctuations in the → solar wind with properties resembling those of → Alfvén waves. A fluctuation is said to be Alfvénic if the following relationship between the velocity fluctuations (Δv) and magnetic field fluctuations (ΔB) is satisfied: Δv = ± ΔB/(μ0ρ)1/2. Also called Alfvénicity.

Alfvén wave; → fluctuation.

Alfvénic fluctuation
  افتاخیز ِ آلفونیک   
oftâxiz-e Alfvenik

Fr.: fluctuation alfvénique   

Large amplitude fluctuations in the → solar wind with properties resembling those of → Alfvén waves. A fluctuation is said to be Alfvénic if the following relationship between the velocity fluctuations (Δv) and magnetic field fluctuations (ΔB) is satisfied: Δv = ± ΔB/(μ0ρ)1/2. Also called Alfvénicity.

Alfvénic; → fluctuation.

Alfvénicity
  آلفونیکی   
Alfveniki

Fr.: alfvénicité   

Alfvénic fluctuation.

Alfvénic; → -ity.

Alfvenicity
  آلفونیکی   
Alfveniki

Fr.: alfvénicité   

Alfvénic fluctuation.

Alfvénic; → -ity.

alga
  جلبک   
jolbak (#)

Fr.: algues   

A single-celled or multicellular plant living in water or moist conditions, which contain chlorophyll and other pigments but has no true root, stem, or leaf. Algae include seaweeds and pond scum.

From alga (singular), from L. alga "seaweed," of uncertain origin.

Jolbak "alga."

algebra
  جبر   
jabr (#)

Fr.: Algèbre   

The branch of mathematics which deals with the properties and relations of numbers using symbols (usually letters of the alphabet) to represent numbers or members of a specified set; the generalization and extension of arithmetic.

Algebra, from M.L., from Ar. al jabr "reunion of broken bones," the first known use in the title of a book by the Persian mathematician and astronomer Abu Ja'far Mohammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (c780-c850), who worked in Baghdad under the patronage of Caliph Al-Mamun. The full title of the tratise was Hisab al-Jabr w'al-Muqabala "Arithmetic of Completion and Balancing." → algorithm.

Jabr, from Ar. al jabr, as above.

algebraic
  جبری   
jabri (#)

Fr.: algébrique   

Relating to, involving, or according to the laws of algebra.

algebra + → -ic.

algebraic equation
  هموگش ِ جبری   
hamugeš-e jabri

Fr.: équation algébrique   

An equation in the form of P = 0, where P is a → polynomial having a finite number of terms.

algebra; → equation.

algebraic function
  کریای ِ جبری   
karyâ-ye jabri

Fr.: fonction algébrique   

A function expressed in terms of → polynomials and/or roots of polynomials. In other words, any function y = f(x) which satisfies an equation of the form P0(x)yn + P1(x)yn - 1 + ... + Pn(x) = 0, where P0(x), P1(x), ..., Pn(x) are polynomials in x.

algebraic + → function.


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