An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 73 Search : field
Higgs field
  میدان ِ هیگز   
meydân-e Higgs

Fr.: champ de Higgs   

A → scalar field supposed to be responsible for the genesis of → inertial mass. According to the → standard model of → particle physics, the Higgs field appeared 10-36 to 10-12 seconds after the → Big Bang, during the → electroweak epoch, when the temperature dropped below a critical threshold. The Higgs field permeates all space, and through its interaction with the fundamental particles it provides those particles with a mass. Any particle that does not interact with the Higgs field, such as the → photon, will be mass-less.

Higgs boson; → field.

Hubble Deep Field (HDF)
  میدان ِ ژرف ِ هابل   
meydân-e žarf-e Hubble (#)

Fr.: champ profond de Hubble   

An image of a small region in the constellation → Ursa Major, based on the results of a series of observations by the → Hubble Space Telescope. The image was assembled from 342 separate exposures taken over ten consecutive days between December 18 and December 28, 1995. It covers an area 144 arcseconds across.

Hubble; → deep; → field.

induced electric field
  میدان ِ برقی ِ درهازیده، ~ ِ ~ ِ درهاخته   
meydân-e barqi-ye darhâzidé, ~ ~ darhâxté

Fr.: champ électric induit   

An electric field created by the variation of a magnetic field. The induced electric field lines are usually perpendicular to the changing magnetic field that produces them.

induced; → electric; → field.

induction field
  میدان ِ درهازش   
meydân-e darhâzeš

Fr.: champ d'induction   

A component of an electromagnetic field which is the region close to the source (an antenna) where steady-state magnetic and electrostatic forces can be detected. → radiation field.

induction; → field.

inflaton field
  میدان ِ اینفلاتون   
meydân-e inflaton

Fr.: champ inflaton   

A hypothetical → scalar field that provides a theoretical basis for → inflation in the early → Big Bang history of the → Universe. The inflaton field would fill space with the same energy at every point. In general, the scalar field can vary with time and space, though to a first approximation everywhere in the Universe will have the same value at any time. The field has a particle associated with it, called → inflaton, just as the → electromagnetic field is associated with the → photon. The inflaton field is characterized also by a → negative pressure that would yield a tremendous → repulsive gravity during a brief lapse of time. In the earliest moments of the Universe, space is uniformly filled with an inflaton field, whose value places it higher up on its → potential energy curve. The inflaton's → potential energy would drop in a tiny fraction of a second, on the order of 10-35 seconds. And yet, during that brief instant, space would expand by a colossal factor, of at least 1030.

inflaton; → field.

integral field spectroscopy
  بیناب‌نمایی ِ درست ِ میدان   
binâbnemâyi-ye dorost-e meydân

Fr.: spectroscopie intégrale de champ   

A technique in spectroscopy for recording a spectrum from each point of an extended object. The field of view image is divided into a multitude of small components using different methods, e.g. lenslet arrays, fiber bundles, or image slicers. From each component a spectrum is extracted or an image is reconstructed at a particular wavelength.

integral; → field; → spectroscopy.

interplanetary magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ اندرسیاره‌ای   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye andarsayyârei

Fr.: champ magnétique interstellaire   

The magnetic field that is carried along with the solar wind and fills the solar system space. It is wound into a spiral structure by the rotation of the Sun. At the Earth's distance from the Sun, it has a strength of about 5 x 10-5 gauss.

interplanetary; → magnetic; → field.

interstellar magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ اندر-اختری   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye andaraxtari

Fr.: champ magnétique interstellaire   

A large-scale, weak magnetic field, with an estimated strength of about 1 to 5 microgauss, that pervades the disk of the Milky Way Galaxy and controls the alignment of interstellar dust grains.

interstellar; → magnetic; → field.

interstellar radiation field
  میدان ِ تابش ِ اندر-اختری   
meydân-e tâbeš andaraxtari

Fr.: champ de rayonnement interstellaire   

A global ionizing radiation in the → interstellar medium provided by various sources all together.

interstellar; → radiation; → field.

longitudinal magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناطیسی ِ درژنایی   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye derežnâyi

Fr.: champ magnétique longitudinal   

1) A → magnetic field whose lines of force (→ line of force) run parallel to the long axis of the → magnet. Longitudinal magnetization of a component can be accomplished using the longitudinal field set up by a → coil or → solenoid. It can also be accomplished using permanent magnets or electromagnets.
2) In → stellar magnetic field observations, the magnetic field along the → line of sight.

longitudinal; → magnetic; → field.

magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی   
meydân-e meqnâtisi (#)

Fr.: champ magnétique   

A field of force that is generated by electric currents, or, equivalently, a region in which magnetic forces can be observed.

magnetic; → field.

magnetic field line
  خط ِ میدان ِ مغناتیسی   
xatt-e meydân-e meqnâtisi (#)

Fr.: ligne de champ magnétique   

An imaginary line used for representing the strength and direction of a magnetic field. Charged particles move freely along magnetic field lines, but are inhibited by the magnetic force from moving across field lines.

magnetic; → field; → line.

magnetic field strength
  زور ِ میدان ِ مغناتیسی   
zur-e meydân-e meqnâtisi

Fr.: intensité du champs magnétique   

Same as → magnetic intensity.

magnetic; → field; → intensity.

meridional magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ نیمروزانی   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye nimruzâni

Fr.: champ magnétiquue méridien   

In the → solar dynamo model, a magnetic field that points from the north to south or south to north.

meridional; → magnetic; → field.

open magnetic field line
  خط ِ باز ِ میدان ِ مغناتیسی   
xatt-e bâz-e meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye

Fr.: ligne ouverte de champ magnétique   

In the context of solar physics, a → magnetic field line when it crosses the solar surface only once, i.e., when it goes from surface to infinity. This is the case at a sufficiently large scale in → coronal holes. This is mostly not the case in → active regions.

open; → magnetic; → field; → line.

poloidal magnetic field
  میدان ِ مغناتیسی ِ قطبی‌وار   
meydân-e meqnâtisi-ye qotbivâr

Fr.: champ magnétique poloïdal   

1) In → protoplanetary disk models, the magnetic field whose large-scale lines of force depart away from the → accretion disk, in the direction of the rotation axis.
2) In a → tokamak, the magnetic field produced by a current flowing in the → plasma vertically to the toroid plane. → toroidal magnetic field.

pole; → -oid; → magnetic field.

potential field
  میدان ِ توند   
meydân-e tavand

Fr.: champ de potentiel   

A field that has a → potential. A continuous → vector fieldA in a domain D is a potential field in D if and only if its → work around every closed curve C contained in D is zero: ∫A.ds = 0. Examples include the → gravitational field and the → electrostatic field.

potential; → field.

quantum field theory
  نگره‌ی ِ کو‌آنتومی ِ میدان   
negare-ye kuântomi-ye meydân

Fr.: théorie quantique des champs   

The quantum mechanical theory based on the assumption that the interactions between particles and fields are mediated by messenger particles. Accordingly, particles are → quanta of a field, just s photons are quanta of light. All fields display a granular structure in interaction. QFT is the framework in which quantum mechanics and → special relativity are successfully reconciled (→ Dirac equation). It forms the basis of today's particle physics.

quantum; → field; → theory.

radiation field
  میدان ِ تابش   
meydân-e tâbeš

Fr.: champ de rayonnement   

1) The portion of an → electromagnetic field outside the → induction field where there is a power flow of both → magnetic and → electric components in a well-defined relationship.
2) → interstellar radiation field

radiation; → field.

residual field
  میدان ِ موندکی   
meydân-e mundaki

Fr.: champ résiduel   

The magnetic field left in an iron core after excitation has been removed.

residual; → field.

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