An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

   Homepage   
   


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

<< < alp opt par tes > >>

Number of Results: 63 Search : part
particulate
  پارولی، پارولمند   
pâruldâr, pârulmand

Fr.: particule en suspension   

1) Of or relating to minute separate → particles.
2) A particulate → substance.

From Mod. L. particulatus, from particula, → particle.

From pârul, → particle, + suffix or -mand.

particulate matter (PM)
  ماده‌ی ِ پارولی   
mâdde-ye pâruli

Fr.: particule en suspension   

Meteorology: A complex → mixture of → microscopic → particles and → liquid droplets suspended in the → atmosphere, especially pollutants.

particulate; → matter.

partition
  ۱) پرکه؛ ۲) پرکش؛ ۳) پرکیدن   
1) parke; 2) parkeš 3) parkidan

Fr.: 1, 2) parition, cloison, division; 3) cloisonner, diviser   

1a) A division into or distribution in portions or shares.
1b) A separation; something that separates or divides; a part, division, or section.
2a) The act or process of dividing something into parts. The state of being so divided.
2b) Math.: → integer partition; → set partition.
2c) Computers: → disk partition.
3) To divide into parts or portions. To divide or separate by a partition.

M.E., from O.Fr. particion, from L. partition- "division, partition, distribution," from p.p. stem of partire "to part, divide," from PIE root *per- "to grant, allot," related to → part and akin to pake, as below.

Parke, from Kermâni parke "piece, part, fragmant," related to pâr "→ part;" parkidan, infinitive from parke; parkeš, verbal noun of parkidan.

partition function
  کرپای ِ پرکش   
karâ-ye parkeš

Fr.: fonction de partition   

See → integer partition.

partition; → function.

partition ratio
  وابر ِ پرکش   
vâbar-e parkeš

Fr.: rapport de partition   

The ratio of the → concentration of a → solute in a single definite form in the stationary phase to its concentration in the same form in the other phase at equilibrium.

partition; → ratio.

partitioning
  پرکه‌بندی   
parkebandi

Fr.: partition   

A chemical separation process whereby a solute is distributed between two phases.

partition; → -ing.

partitionment
  پرکه‌بندی   
parkebandi

Fr.:   

The act or fact of being partitioned.

partition; → -ment.

parton
  پارتون   
pârton (#)

Fr.: parton   

In particle physics, a constituent of the hadron originally postulated in the theoretical analysis of high-energy scattering of particles off hadrons. In modern usage, the term parton is often used to mean a quark or a gluon.

Coined by the American physicist Richard Feynman (1918-1988), from part, from → particle + → -ion

parts per million (ppm)
  پار در میلیون   
pâr dar milion

Fr.: partie par million   

A fraction of a whole number in units of 1/1000,000. It is usually used to describe chemical concentrations, very small amounts of pollutants in air, water, body fluids, and uncertainty. For example 30 ppm is 3 x 10-5 or 0.003%.

part; → per; → million.

past participle
  پارگرته‌ی ِ گذشته   
pârgerte-ye gozašté

Fr.: participe passé   

A → participle that indicates a completed action or state.

past; → participle.

present participle
  پارگرته‌ی ِ کنون   
pârgerte-ye konun

Fr.: participe présent   

A → participle that indicates an ongoing action or state in the present.

present; → participle.

radio counterpart
  همتای ِ رادیویی   
hamtâ-ye râdio-yi

Fr.: contrepartie radio   

The representation in → radio wavelengths of an astronomical object that has emission in other parts of the → electromagnetic spectrum.

radio; → counterpart.

relativistic particle
  ذرّه‌ی ِ بازانیگی‌مند   
zarre-ye bâzânigimand

Fr.: particule relativiste   

A particle which has a speed comparable to the velocity of light.

relativistic; → particle.

resonance particle
  ذرّه‌ی ِ باز‌آوایی   
zarre-e bâzâvâyi

Fr.: particule de résonance   

A hadronic particle which exists for only a very brief time (10-23 seconds) before decaying into hadrons; also called resonance. The existence of a resonance cannot be observed directly; it can only be inferred from studying the longer-lived products of its decay.

resonance; → particle.

set partition
  پرکش ِ هنگرد   
parkeš-e hangard

Fr.: partition d'un ensemble   

A collection of → nonempty subsets of a set A such that every element of A is in exactly one of the subsets. In other words, A is the → disjoint  → union of these subsets.

partition; → set.

sink particle
  ذره‌ی ِ چاهک   
zarre-ye câhak

Fr.: particule puits   

In hydrodynamics codes, a way of treating a collapsing or accreting region, such as a star, as a simple → point mass. Indeed, in many situations, the scale of interest is much larger than the scale of the → accreting object itself and it would be impossible to perform the calculation otherwise. → Sinks are generally modeled as → Lagrangian particles (see, e.g., Bates et al. 1995, MNRAS 277, 362; Krumholz et al. 2004, ApJ 611, 399; Federrath et al. 2010, ApJ 713, 269).

sink; → particle.

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)
  هیدروتوانیک ِ ذره‌های ِ همواریده   
hidrotavânik-e zarrehâ-ye hamvâridé

Fr.: hydrodynamique des particules lissées   

A numerical method for modeling → compressible hydrodynamic flows, which uses particles to simulate a continuous fluid flow. Because the system of hydrodynamical basic equations can be analytically solved only for few exceptional cases, the SPH method provides a numerical algorithm to solve systems of coupled → partial differential equations for continuous field quantities. The main advantage of the method is that it does not require a computational grid to calculate spatial → derivatives and that it is a Lagrangian method, which automatically focuses attention on fluid elements. The equations of motion and continuity are expressed in terms of ordinary differential equations where the body forces become classical forces between particles. This method was first independently developed by Lucy (1977, AJ 82, 1013) and Gingold & Monaghan (1977, MNRAS 181, 375).

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, first used by Gingold & Monaghan (1977); → smooth; → particle; → hydrodynamics.

standard model of particle physics
  مدل ِ استانده‌ی ِ فیزیک ِ ذره‌ای   
model-e estânde-ye fizik-e zarre-yi

Fr.: modèle standard de la physique des particules   

The theory developed since the 1970s, which is based on the theories and discoveries since the 1930s, and aims at explaining the fundamental structure of matter. According to the standard model, everything in the universe is made from a few basic building blocks called fundamental particles, governed by four fundamental forces. The particles occur in two basic types, called quarks and leptons. Three of the four fundamental forces (except gravity) and their carrier particles are included in the Standard Model. The Standard Model has successfully explained almost all experimental results and precisely predicted a wide variety of phenomena. Over time and through many experiments, the Standard Model has become established as a well-tested physics theory.

standard; → model; → particle; → physics.

strange particle
  ذره‌ی ِ شگفت   
zarre-e šegeft

Fr.: particule étrange   

An elementary particle created in high-energy particle collisions having a short life and a strangeness quantum number of 1. For example, sigma and xi baryons are strange particles. A strange particle is produced when a strange quark is created in a high-energy collision. → strangeness.

strange; the concept of "strange" arose from the observation that these particles decay rapidly, in contrast to others that do not. → particle.

subatomic particle
  ذره‌ی ِ زیر-اتمی   
zarre-ye zir-atomi (#)

Fr.: particule subatomique   

Any particle that is small compared to the size of the atom, e.g. an electron, proton, neutron, neutrino, quark, meson, all of which are either bosons or fermions.

subatomic; → particle.

<< < alp opt par tes > >>