An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 129 Search : red
middle infrared
  فروسرخ ِ میانی   
forusorx-e miyâni (#)

Fr.: infrarouge moyen   

Same as → mid-infrared.

middle; → infrared.

Nasireddin
  نصیر‌الدین   
Nasireddin

Fr.: Nasireddin   

A lunar → impact crater that is located in the southern part of the Moon's near side. Latitude: 41.0°S, longitude: 0.2°E, diameter: 52 km, depth: 3.35 km.

Named after the Iranian mathematician and astronomer Nasireddin Tusi (1201-1274), → Nasireddin couple.

Nasireddin couple
  جفت ِ نصیر‌الدین   
joft-e Nasireddin

Fr.: couple de Nasireddin   

A theorem put forward by the 13th century Persian mathematician and astronomer Nasireddin Tusi to generate linear motion from a combination of circular motions, and thus improve the geocentric model of Ptolemy. A circle of radius R rotates inside a circle of radius 2R. The smaller circle rotates at twice the speed of the larger one and in opposite direction. The initial tangent point will travel in linear motion back and forth along the diameter of the larger circle. A particular case of → hypocycloid curves.

Named for Nasireddin Tusi (1201-1274), director of Marâgha observatory who created the Ilkhani zij; → couple.

near-infrared
  فروسرخ ِ نزدیک   
forusorx-e nazdik (#)

Fr.: proche infrarouge   

That region of the → electromagnetic spectrum covering shorter infrared wavelengths. It contains the → infrared windows between about 0.8 and 8 → microns, but the longer wavelength limit is not well defined. See also: → infrared radiation, → mid-infrared, → far-infrared, → submillimeter radiation.

near; → infrared.

North Polar Layered Deposits (NPLD)
  لردهای ِ لایه-لایه‌ی ِ قطب ِ هودر   
Lerdhâ-ye Laye-laye-ye Qotb-e Hudar

Fr.: couches de dépôt du pôle nord   

A large area of the north polar region of Mars which is covered with alternating layers of water ice and dust. → South Polar Layered Deposits.

north; → polar; → layer; → deposit.

on-line reduction
  باز‌هازشِ بر-خط   
bâzhâzeš-e bar-xatt

Fr.: réduction enligne   

Preliminary reduction of observational data at a telescope simultaneously with their acquisition.

on-line; → reduction.

ordered
  بارایه، رایه‌دار   
bârâyé, râyedâr

Fr.: ordonné   

Characterized by → order; arranged according to a rule. → ordered tree.

order + -ed.

ordered tree
  درخت ِ بارایه   
deraxt-e bârâyé

Fr.: arbre ordonné   

In → graph theory, a → tree in which the → children of each → vertex are ordered.

ordered; → tree.

predation
  چَوِش   
caveš

Fr.: prédation   

1) Act of plundering or robbing; predatory behavior.
2) The preying of one animal on others.

Verbal noun, → prey.

predator
  چَوَنده   
cavandé

Fr.: prédateur   

Zoology: Any organism that exists by preying upon other organisms (Dictionary.com).

Agent noun from → prey.

predatory
  چَوَنده   
cavandé

Fr.: prédateur   

1) Of, or relating to a predator.
2) Living by preying on other living animals.

Agent noun from → prey.

predicate
  ۱) فراسن؛ ۲) فراسندن   
1) farâsan; 2) farâsandan

Fr.: prédicat   

1a) Grammar: The part of a → sentence or → clause stating something about the → subject and usually consisting of a → verb. For example, in the sentence "The man opened the door," the subject is "the man" and the predicate is "opened the door."
1b) Logic: Something which is affirmed or denied concerning the subject in a → proposition.

1c) Math.: A → function whose values are statements about n-tuples of objects forming the values of its → arguments. For n =1 a predicate is called a "property" , for n> 1 a → relation; propositions may be regarded as zero-place predicates (encyclopediaofmath.org).
2a) To state, affirm, or assert (something) about the subject of a proposition.
2b) To make (a term, expression, etc.) the predicate of a proposition.

M.E., from M.Fr. predicat, from L. praedicatus "declared, proclaimed," p.p. of praedicare, from prae "beforehand," → pre-, + dicare "proclame," from stem of dicere "to speak, to say," from PIE root *deik- "to point out, to show," cognate with Pers. dis, → form, and andišidan, → think.

Farâsan from farâ- "before; toward, along; above, upon, over," → pro-, + san Proto-Ir. *sanh- "to declare, explain," related to soxan, → speech and pâsox, → response, sahân, → sentence.

predicate logic
  گوییک ِ فراسنی، ~ فراسنها   
guyik-e farâsani, ~ farâsanhâ

Fr.: logique des prédicats   

The generic term for systems of → formal logic like → first-order logic and → second-order logic. Predicate logic contains → variables which can be quantified (→ quantify, → quantification).

predicate; → logic.

predicate symbol
  نماد ِ فراسن   
nemâd-e farâsan

Fr.: symbole de prédicat   

In a → formal language, a letter used to describe a → predicate or → relation. Also called → relation symbol.

predicate; → symbol.

red
  سرخ   
sorx (#)

Fr.: rouge   

That part of the electromagnetic spectrum, with a wavelength between 610 and 780 nm, that produces the impression of a variety of colors resembling that of blood.

M.E. red, from O.E. read (cf. Dan. rød, M.Du. root, Ger. rot), from PIE base *reudh- (cf. Av. raoidita- "red, reddish;" Skt. rudhirá- "red, bloody;" L. ruber "red;" Gk. erythros "red").

Sorx "red" (variants Tâleši sər, Kurd. sûr), from Mid.Pers. suxr "red;" O.Pers. θuxra-; Av. suxra- "red, of fire-color;" Ossetic syrx, surx "red;" cf. Skt. śukrá- "clear, pure, bright."

red clump
  گوده‌ی ِ سرخ   
gude-ye sorx

Fr.: grumeau rouge   

A concentration, on the → horizontal branch, of → red giant stars that roughly have the same intrinsic brightness. These core → helium burning stars are the metal rich equivalents of the better known → horizontal branch stars. Theoretical models predict that their absolute luminosity only weakly depends on their age and chemical composition.

red; → clump.

red clump star
  ستاره‌ی ِ گوده‌ی ِ سرخ   
setâre-ye gude-ye sorx

Fr.: étoile du grumeau rouge   

A star on the → horizontal branch which results from the evolution of a → red giant with an initial mass of ~ 1 Msun.

red; → clump; → star.

red dwarf
  کوتوله‌ی ِ سرخ   
kutule-ye sorx (#)

Fr.: naine rouge   

A small, cool, very faint, main sequence star whose surface temperature is under about 3500 K. Red dwarfs generally have masses of less than one-third that of the Sun. In the neighbourhood of the Sun the majority of stars are red dwarfs.

red; → dwarf.

red giant
  غول ِ سرخ، غولپیکر ِ ~   
qul-e sorx (#), qulpeykar-e ~ (#)

Fr.: géante rouge   

A certain star of spectral type K or later that occupies the upper right portion of the → H-R diagram. Red giants are evolved stars that have exhausted their hydrogen fuel in the core. They may have a → luminosity up to 1000 times greater than → main sequence stars of the same → spectral type. Red giants belong to the → luminosity class III or II (bright giants). They are luminous because of their great size, but have a relatively low surface temperature. All normal stars are expected to pass eventually through a red-giant phase as a consequence of stellar evolution. When a main sequence star has converted approximately 10% of its hydrogen to helium, nuclear reactions in the core stop (→ Schönberg-Chandrasekhar limit). The → hydrostatic equilibrium is no longer maintained, and the core contracts while the outer layers expand and cool. This process produces the low surface temperature and large size (from 10 to 100 times that of the Sun) that characterize the red giant. In the core the temperature continues to rise. When it approaches 100,000,000 K helium will begin to fuse into carbon. → helium flash. Prominent bright red giants in the night sky include → Aldebaran and → Arcturus.

red; → giant.

red giant branch (RGB)
  شاخه‌ی ِ غولان ِ سرخ   
šâxe-ye qulân-e sorx

Fr.: branche des géantes rouges   

The evolutionary path of a star that has exhausted its available hydrogen content in the core, between the → main-sequence turnoff and the → helium flash.

red giant; → branch.

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