An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 199 Search : sit
quantum phase transition (QPT)
  گذرش ِ فاز ِ کو‌آنتومی   
gozareš-e fâz-e kuântomi

Fr.: transition de phase quantique   

A phase transitions that occurs at zero temperature as a function of a non-thermal parameter like → pressure, → magnetic field, or → chemical composition. In contrast to ordinary → phase transitions, which are associated with passage through a critical temperature, quantum phase transitions are associated with → quantum fluctuations, a consequence of → Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. For example, see → Bose-Einstein condensation.

quantum; → phase; → transition.

quark-hadron phase transition
  گذرش ِ فاز ِ کو‌آرک-هادرون   
gozareš-e fâz-e kuârk-hâdron

Fr.: transition de phase quark-hadron   

A phase transition, predicted by cosmological models, to have occurred at approximately 10-5 seconds after the Big Bang to convert a plasma of free quarks and gluons into hadron.

quark; → hadron; → phase; → transition.

radiant intensity
  درتنویی ِ تابشی   
dartanuyi-ye tâbeši

Fr.: intensité de rayonnement   

A measure of the amount of radiation emitted from a point expressed as the radiant flux per unit solid angle leaving this source.

radiant; → intensity.

radiation density constant
  پایای ِ چگالی ِ تابش   
pâypa-ye cagâli-ye tâbeš

Fr.: constante de rayonnement   

The constant related to the total energy radiated by a → blackbody and defined as: a = 4σ/c, where σ is the → Stefan-Boltzmann constant and c the → speed of light. Its value is a = 7.5657 x 10-15 erg cm-3 K-4. Same as → radiation constant.

radiation; → density; → constant.

radiative transition
  گذرش ِ تابشی   
gozareš-e tâbeši

Fr.: transition radiative   

A transition between two states of an atomic or molecular entity, the energy difference being emitted or absorbed as photons.

radiative; → transition.

radio flux density
  چگالی ِ شار ِ رادیویی   
cagâli-ye šârr-e râdioyi

Fr.: densité de flux radio   

The flux of → radio waves that falls on a → detector per → unit → surface area of the detector per unit → bandwidth of the radiation per unit → time. The unit is → jansky.

radio; → flux; → density.

relative density
  چگالی ِ بازانی   
cagâli-ye bâzâni

Fr.: densité relative   

The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a given reference material. For a solid or liquid, it is the density (at 20°C) relative to the maximum density of water (at 4°C). For a gas is its density divided by the density of hydrogen (or sometimes dry air) at the same temperature and pressure. Also called → specific density.

relative; → density.

Rossiter-McLaughlin effect
  اُسکر ِ راسیتر-مک‌لاکلین   
oskar-e Rossiter-McLaughlin

Fr.: effet Rossiter-McLaughlin   

A → spectroscopic phenomenon observed when either an → eclipsing binary's → secondary star or an → extrasolar planet is seen to → transit across the face of the → primary body. Because of the rotation of the star, an asymmetric distortion takes place in the → line profiles of the stellar spectrum, which changes during the transit. The measurement of this effect can be used to derive the → alignment of the → orbit of the transiting exoplanet with respect to the → rotation axis of the star.

Named after Richard Alfred Rossiter (1886-1977) and Dean Benjamin McLaughlin (1901-1965), American astronomers.

rotational transition
  گذرش ِ چرخشی   
gozareš-e carxeši

Fr.: transition rotationnelle   

A slight change in the energy level of a molecule due to the rotation of its constituent atoms about their center of mass.

rotational; → transition.

scalar density
  چگالی ِ مرپلی   
cagâli-ye marpeli

Fr.: densité scalaire   

A → tensor density of → order 0.

scalar; → density.

semi-forbidden transition
  گذرش ِ نیمه-بژکم   
gozareš-e nime-bažkam

Fr.: transition semi-interdite   

An → atomic transition whose probability is reduced by a factor of the order of 106 because of → selection rules. Same as → interconnection line.

semi-; → forbidden; → transition.

sensitive
  حسّ‌مند   
hessmand

Fr.: sensitif   

Endowed with sensation; having perception through the senses. Responding to a stimulus.

From M.Fr. sensitif, from M.L. sensitivus "capable of sensation," from L. sensus, p.p. of sentire "feel perceive," → sense.

hessmand, from hess, → sense + -mand possession suffix.

sensitivity
  حسّ‌مندی   
hessmandi

Fr.: sensibilité   

1) The required brightness for an object in order to be detected by an observing instrument. A highly sensitive telescope can detect dim objects, while a telescope with low sensitivity can detect only bright ones.
2) Of a radio receiver or similar device, the minimum input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio.

State noun from → sensitive.

sit
  نشستن   
nešastan (#)

Fr.: s'asseoir   

1) To rest with the body supported by the buttocks or thighs; be seated.
2) To be located or situated.

Nešastan "to sit down; to settle down; to sink;" Mid.Pers. nišastan "to sit;" O.Pers. nišādayam [1 sg.impf.caus.act.] "to sit down, to establish," hadiš- "abode;" Av. nišasiiā [1 sg.subj.acr.] "I shall sit down," from nihad- "to sit down," from → ni- "down; into" + had- "to sit;" PIE base *sed- "to sit;" cf. Skt. sad- "to sit," sidati "sits;" Gk. hezomai "to sit," hedra "seat, chair;" L. sedere "to sit;" O.Ir. suide "seat, sitting;" Welsh sedd "seat;" Lith. sedmi "to sit;" Rus. sad "garden;" Goth. sitan, Ger. sitzen; E. sit. See also: → reside, → settle.

site
  سیت   
sit

Fr.: site   

The position or location of a building, observatory, etc. especially as to its environment. → astronomical site.

M.E., from L situs "position, arrangement, site," from sinere "to let, leave alone, permit," cognate with Av. šiti- "place, abode, residence," as below.

Sit, from Av. šiti- "place, abode, residence," šitāy- "habitation, dwelling," from ši- "to live;" cognate with Skt. ksay- "to live, to stay," kséti "he dwells;" Gk. ktizein "to inhabit, build;" L. situs "position, site; situated."

site selection
  گزینش ِ سیت   
gozineš-e sit

Fr.: sélection de site   

The process of choosing a site for an astronomical observatory based on meteorology, seeing conditions, and access to the site.

site; → selection.

situate
  سیتیدن   
sitidan

Fr.: situer   

To place in a site or context; to locate.

From M.L. situatus, p.p. of situare "to place, locate," from L. situs "place, position."

Sitidan, from sit, → site, + -idan infinitive suffix.

situated
  سیتیده   
sitidé

Fr.: situé   

Having a site, situation or location.

P.p. of → situate.

situation
  سیتش   
siteš

Fr.: situation   

1) The manner of being placed with respect to surroundings.
2) Momentary state; a set of circumstances.

Verbal noun of → situate.

solar luminosity
  تابندگی ِ خورشید   
tâbandegi-ye xoršid (#)

Fr.: luminosité solaire   

The total → radiant energy, in all wavelengths, emitted by the Sun in all directions. It is 3.828 × 1026 W or 3.828 × 1033 erg sec-1 (International Astronomical Union, Resolution B3, 14 August 2015, Honolulu, USA). This is the luminosity unit conventionally used to give the luminosities of stars. See also: → solar constant. When the Earth first formed, 4.56 billion years ago, the Sun radiated 30% less energy than it does today, thus giving rise to the so-called → faint early Sun paradox. Ever since then, its power has increased by 7% every billion years (I. Ribas, 2009, arXiv:0911.4872).

solar; → luminosity.


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