An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

The time between an occurrence and a reaction produced by the occurrence.

→ response; → time.

1) The state or fact of being responsible, answerable, or accountable for something within one's power, control, or management.
2) An instance of being responsible.
3) A person or thing for which one is responsible (Dictionary.com).

→ responsible; → -ity.

1) Answerable or accountable, as for something within one's power, control, or management.
2) Involving accountability or responsibility (Dictionary.com).

→ response; → -able.

1) Responding especially readily and sympathetically to appeals, efforts, influences, etc.
2) Physiology: Acting in response, as to some stimulus.
3) Characterized by the use of responses (Dictionary.com).

→ response; → -ive.

A performance criterion for an electronic detector, the ratio of the detector's electrical output to its optical input.

→ responsive; → -ity.

Cessation or absence of motion. → rest energy; → rest mass.

M.E.; O.E. ræste, reste "rest, bed, intermission of labor, mental peace," akin to O.H.G. rasta "league of miles," O.N. rost "league, distance after which one rests."

Âram, variant of ârâm "rest, quiet, tranquility;" Mid.Pers. râm "peace," râmenidan "to give peace, pleasure," râmišn "peace, pleasure;" Av. ram- "to stay, rest;" cf. Skt. ram- "to stop, stand still, rest, become appeased;" Gk. erema "quietly, gently;" Goth. rimis "rest;" Lith. rãmas "rest."

The energy which a particle has when it is at rest. According to Einstein's → mass-energy relation, it is equal to the → rest mass times the square of the → speed of light: E = mc².

→ rest; → energy.

The → frame of reference with respect to which an object or observer is at rest. A clock in that particular rest frame registers what is by definition → proper time. See also → moving frame.

→ rest; → frame.

The → inertial mass that an object has when it is at rest relative to an observer.

→ rest; → mass.

Same as → rest energy.

→ rest; → mass; → energy.

The act or process of restoring such as → image restoration.

Verbal noun of → restore.

1) To bring back into existence, use, or the like; reestablish.
2) To bring back to a former, original, or normal condition, as a building, statue, or painting (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. restorer, from L. restaurare "repair, rebuild, renew," from → re- "back, again" + -staurare, from PIE root *sta- "to stand, set down, make or be firm," → state.

Bâzsâxtan, from bâz- "back, again," → re-, + sâxtan "to build, make, fashion; to adapt, adjust, be fit" (from Mid.Pers. sâxtan, sâz-, Manichean Parthian s'c'dn "to prepare, to form;" Av. sak- "to understand, to mark," sâcaya- (causative) "to teach").
Bâzgardândan, from bâz-+ gardândan "to turn (around)," accusative of gardidan, gaštan "to change, to turn, → revolve."

An image that has been upgraded by a process of → image restoration.

Restored, p;p. of restore, → restoration; → image.

Tasvir, → image; bâzsâxté, p.p. of bâzsâxtan, → restoration.

A force that comes into play after a system is perturbed away from the equilibrium, tending to bring the system back the equilibrium position. For example, when a pendulum is displaced from its equilibrium position, it is subject to a restoring force due to gravity that will accelerate it back toward the equilibrium position. The restoring force combined with the pendulum's mass causes it to oscillate about the equilibrium position.

→ restore; → force.

To hold back from action; keep in check; repress; to limit or hamper the activity, or effect of.

M.E. restreynen, from O.Fr. restreindre "press, push together; curb, bridle;" from L. restringere "to draw back tightly, confine," from → re- "back" + stringere "draw tight," → strain.

Bâzdâštan, from bâz- prefix denoting "reversal, opposition," → re-, + dâštan "to hold," → property.

To confine or keep within limits. → restricted three-body problem.

From L. restrictus, p.p. of restringere "to restrict, bind fast, restrain," from → re- "back" + stringere "to draw tight."

Forudâštan "to keep down, hold under control, bring to a halt" (Steingass, Dehxodâ), from foru- "down, downward," → de-, + dâšt past stem of dâštan "to have, to possess" (Mid.Pers. dâštan; O.Pers./Av. root dar- "to hold, keep back, maintain, keep in mind;" cf. Skt. dhr-, dharma- "law;" Gk. thronos "elevated seat, throne;" L. firmus "firm, stable;" Lith. daryti "to make;" PIE *dher- "to hold, support") + -an infinitive suffix.
Forudâridan, from foru- + dâr present stem of dâštan + -idan

A special case of the → three-body problem in which the → mass of one of the bodies is negligible compared to that of the two others. If the relative motion of the two massive components is a circle, the situation is referred to as the → circular restricted three-body problem. An example would be a space probe moving in the → gravitational fields of the → Earth and the → Moon, which revolve very nearly in circles about their common → center of mass.

→ restrict; → three; → body; → problem.

The act of restricting, the state or the condition of being restricted.

Verbal noun, → restrict + → -tion.

General: Something that happens as a consequence; outcome.
Math.: A quantity, expression, etc., obtained by calculation. → resultant.

M.E. resulten (v.); L. resultare "to result," in classical L. "to spring forward, rebound," frequentative of p.p. of resilire "to rebound," from re- "back" + salire "to jump, leap."

Barâyé, literally "upcoming," from bar- "on; up; upon; in; into; at; forth; with; near; before; according to" (Mid.Pers. abar; O.Pers. upariy "above; over, upon, according to;" Av. upairi "above, over," upairi.zəma- "located above the earth;" cf. Gk. hyper- "over, above;" L. super-; O.H.G. ubir "over;" PIE base *uper "over") + ây- present stem of âmadan "to come, arrive, become" (Av. ay- "to go, to come," aēiti "goes;" O.Pers. aitiy "goes;" Skt. e- "to come near," eti "arrival;" L. ire "to go;" Goth. iddja "went," Lith. eiti "to go;" Rus. idti "to go") + -e nuance suffix.

Physics: The single vector obtained by applying vector addition to two or more given vectors.

M.E., n. use of L. resultant-, pr.p. of resultare, → result.

Barâyand, from bar, → result, + -âyand short for âyandé agent noun of âmadan "to come, arrive, become," → result.