An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13 Search : fluid
fluid
  شاره   
šâré (#)

Fr.: fluide   

A continuous, amorphous substance whose molecules move freely past one another and that has the tendency to assume the shape of its container; collective term for liquids and gases.

From L. fluidus "fluid, flowing," from fluere "to flow;" → flux.

Šârré, from šârr, → flux.

fluid dynamics
  توانیک ِ شاره‌ها   
tavânik-e šârehâ

Fr.: dynamique des fluides   

The branch of → fluid mechanics that deals with the movement of gases and liquids.

fluid; → dynamics.

fluid mechanics
  مکانیک ِ شاره‌ها   
mekânik-e šârehâ

Fr.: mécanique des fluides   

The branch of physics that extends the ideas developed in → mechanics and → thermodynamics to the study of motion and equilibrium of → fluids.

mechanics; → fluid.

fluidity
  شارگی   
šâregi

Fr.: fluidité   

The ability of a substance to flow; reciprocal of → viscosity.

fluid + → -ity.

homogeneous fluid
  شارّه‌ی ِ همگن   
šârre-ye hamgen (#)

Fr.: fluide homogène   

A fluid with uniform properties throughout, but meteorologists sometimes designate as homogeneous a fluid with constant density.

homogeneous, → fluid.

ideal fluid
  شاره‌ی ِ آرمانی، ~ مینه‌وار   
šâre-ye ârmâni, ~ minevâr

Fr.: fluide idéal   

An fluid which has no internal friction or → viscosity, and no → resistivity as well if the fluid is a plasma.

ideal; → fluid.

Newtonian fluid
  شاره‌ی ِ نیوتنی   
šârre-ye Newtoni

Fr.: fluide newtonien   

Any → fluid with a constant → viscosity at a given temperature regardless of the rate of → shear.

Newtonian; → fluid.

one-fluid magnetohydrodynamics
  مغنات-و-هیدروتوانیک ِ تک-شاره   
meqnâtohidrotavânik-e tak-šâre

Fr.: magnétohydrodynamique à une fluide   

A → magnetohydrodynamics treatment in which the → plasma consists only of one particle species and moves with the bulk speed. The thermal motion of the particles is neglected and thus there is no motion of particles relative to each other.

one; → fluid; → magnetohydrodynamics.

real fluid
  شاره‌ی ِ هسیا   
šârre-ye hasyâ

Fr.: fluide réel   

The opposite of an ideal fluid; a fluid which possesses viscosity and therefore exhibits certain frictional phenomena. Viscosity arises due to cohesive forces between molecules and molecular momentum exchange between fluid layers. These effects appear as tangential or shear stresses between moving fluid layers.

real; → fluid.

supercritical fluid
  شاره‌ی ِ ابر-پرژنی   
šârre-ye abar-paržani

Fr.: fluide supercritique   

A fluid that is at a temperature and pressure above its thermodynamic critical point. In these conditions the substance acquires unique characteristics of density and mobility. Supercritical fluids exist deep inside some planets; for example, there is supercritical water deep inside the Earth.

supercritical; → fluid.

superfluid
  اَبَر-شاره   
abar-šâré

Fr.: superfluide   

A → fluid that exhibits frictionless flow, very high heat → conductivity, and other unusual physical properties. For example, → liquid helium at the temperature about 2.17 K (→ lambda point) becomes a zero → viscosity fluid which will move rapidly through any pore in the apparatus. See also → helium II.

super-; → fluid

superfluidity
  اَبَر-شارگی   
abar-šâregi

Fr.: superfluidité   

The phenomenon occurring in → liquid helium (→ helium I) cooled below the → lambda point temperature of 2.17 K, whereby it flows freely with no measurable → friction and → viscosity.

super-; → fluidity.

viscous fluid
  شاره‌ی ِ وشکسان   
šârre-ye vošksân (#)

Fr.: fluide visqueux   

A fluid whose viscosity is sufficiently large to make the viscous forces a significant part of the total force field in the fluid.

viscous; → fluid.