An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 28 Search : heat
atomic heat
  گرمای ِ اتمی   
garmâ-ye atomi

Fr.: chaleur atomique   

The → heat capacity of a → mole of a substance, expresses as: Ca = C.A , where C is the → specific heat and A the → atomic weight .

atomic; → heat.

collisional heating
  گرمش ِ همکوبشی   
garmeš-e hamkubeši

Fr.: chauffage par collisions   

A physical process whereby heat is imparted to (e.g. → interstellar dust grains or → molecular hydrogen) through collisions (with hot electrons, ions, etc.).

collisional; → heating.

Einstein's theory of specific heat
  نگره‌ی ِ گرمای ِ آبیزه‌ی ِ اینشتین   
negare-ye garmâ-ye âbize-ye Einstein

Fr.: théorie de la chaleur spécifique d'Einstein   

Same as → Einstein model.

Einstein; → theory; → specific heat.

heat
  گرما   
garmâ (#)

Fr.: chaleur   

Energy possessed by a substance in the form of kinetic energy of atomic or molecular translation, rotation, or vibration.

Heat, from O.E. hætu, hæto, from P.Gmc. *khaitin- "heat," from *khaitaz "hot" (cf. O.N. hiti, Ger. hitze "heat," Goth. heito "fever").

Garmâ "heat, warmth," from Mid.Pers. garmâg; O.Pers./Av. garəma- "hot, warm;" cf. Skt. gharmah "heat;" Gk. thermos "warm;" L. formus "warm," fornax "oven;" P.Gmc. *warmaz; O.E. wearm; E. warm; O.H.G., Ger. warm; PIE *ghworm-/*ghwerm- "warm."

heat capacity
  گنجایش ِ گرمایی   
gonjâyeš-e garmâyi (#)

Fr.: capacité thermique, ~ calorifique   

The ratio of an amount of heat, dQ, transferred to a body in some process to the corresponding change in the temperature of the body: C = dQ/dT. The heat capacity depends upon the mass of the body, its chemical composition, thermodynamic state, and the kind of process employed to transfer the heat. The word "capacity" may be misleading because it suggests the essentially meaningless statement "the amount of heat a body can hold," whereas what is meant is the heat added per unit temperature rise. → specific heat.

heat; → capacity.

heat conduction
  هازش ِ گرما   
hâzeš-e garmâ

Fr.: conduction de chaleur   

A type of → heat transfer by means of molecular agitation within a material without any motion of the material as a whole.

heat; → conduction.

heat convection
  همبز ِ گرما   
hambaz-e garmâ (#)

Fr.: convection de chaleur   

A type of → heat transfer involving mass motion of a fluid such as air or water when the heated fluid is caused to move away from the source of heat, carrying energy with it.

heat; → convection.

heat death of the Universe
  مرگ ِ گرمایی ِ گیتی   
marg-e garmâyi-ye giti (#)

Fr.: mort thermique de l'Univers   

Assuming that the Universe is a thermodynamically → isolated system, a state of absolute uniformity in the Universe in which all temperature differences would reduce to zero and no energy will be available for use, according to the → second law of thermodynamics. In that condition of maximum → entropy, the Universe would be in a state of unchanging death. First introduced by the German physicist Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894) in 1854, on the basis of William Thomson's (1824-1907) idea.

heat; → death; → Universe.

heat of vaporization
  گرمای ِ بخارش   
garmâ-ye boxâreš

Fr.: chaleur de vaporisation   

The amount of heat energy required to transform an amount of a substance from the liquid phase to the gas phase. → molar heat of vaporization.

heat; → vaporization.

heat shield
  سپر ِ گرمایی، گرماسپر   
separ-e garmâyi (#), garmâ-separ

Fr.: bouclier thermique   

A structure that protects against excessive heat, especially that which covers the vulnerable surfaces of a → spacecraft and protects it when re-entering the Earth's atmosphere.

heat; → shield.

heat transfer
  تراوژ ِ گرما   
tarâvaž-e garmâ

Fr.: transfert de chaleur   

The spontaneous transportation of heat through matter, from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature.

heat; → transfer.

heat wave
  چله‌ی ِ تابستان   
celle-ye tâbestân (#)

Fr.: canicule   

Meteorology: A period of several successive days of abnormally hot and usually humid weather occurring in summer.

heat; → wave.

Celle-ye tâbestân literally "the fortieth of summer," i.e. "midsummer," from cellé pertaining to "forty (days)," from cel, cehel, → forty, + tâbestân, → summer.

heating
  گرمش   
garmeš

Fr.: chauffage   

1) The process whereby a system's temperature increases. → warming.
2) A device or system for supplying heat, especially central heating, to a building; the heat supplied.

heat; → -ing.

heliosheath
  هورنیام   
hurniyâm

Fr.: héliogaine   

The region located between the → termination shock and the → heliopause where the turbulent and hot → solar wind is compressed as it passes outward against the interstellar wind.

Heliosheath, from → helio- + sheath, from O.E. sceað, scæð; cf. M.Du. schede, Du. schede, O.H.G. skaida, Ger. Scheide "scabbard."

Hurniyâm, from hur- "sun," → helio-, + niyâm "sheath," from Proto-Iranian *nigāma-, from ni- "down; into," → ni- (PIE), + gāma- "to go, to come" (Av. gam- "to come; to go," jamaiti "goes;" O.Pers. gam- "to come; to go;" Mod./Mid.Pers. gâm "step, pace," âmadan "to come;" cf. Skt. gamati "goes;" Gk. bainein "to go, walk, step;" L. venire "to come;" Tocharian A käm- "to come;" O.H.G. queman "to come;" E. come; PIE root *gwem- "to go, come"); cf. Skt. nigamá- "insertion, incorporation."

latent heat
  گرمای ِ نهان   
garmâ-ye nahân (#)

Fr.: chaleur latente   

The amount of → thermal energy that is absorbed or released by a unit amount of a substance in the process of a phase change under conditions of constant pressure and temperature.

latent; → heat.

magnetosheath
  مغنات‌نیام   
meqnâtniyâm

Fr.: magnétogaine   

The region between a planet's magnetopause and the bow shock caused by the solar wind.

From → magneto- + sheath, from O.E. sceað, scæð, from P.Gmc. *skaithiz (cf. M.Du. schede, Du. schede, O.H.G. skaida, Ger. Scheide "scabbard").

From meqnât-, → magnet, + niyâm "sheath," from Proto-Iranian *nigāma-, from ni- "down; into," → ni-, + gāma- "to go, to come" (Av. gam- "to come; to go," jamaiti "goes;" O.Pers. gam- "to come; to go;" Mod./Mid.Pers. gâm "step, pace," âmadan "to come;" cf. Skt. gamati "goes;" Gk. bainein "to go, walk, step;" L. venire "to come;" Tocharian A käm- "to come;" O.H.G. queman "to come;" E. come; PIE root *gwem- "to go, come"); cf. Skt. nigamá- "insertion, incorporation."

mechanical equivalent of heat
  هم‌ارز ِ مکانیکی ِ گرما   
ham-arz-e mekâniki-ye garmâ (#)

Fr.: équivalent mécanique de chaleur   

Same as → Joule's constant.

mechanical; → equivalent; → heat.

molar heat capacity
  گنجایش ِ گرمایی ِ مولی   
gonjâyeš-e garmâyi-ye moli

Fr.: capacité thermique molaire   

The → heat capacity of one → mole of substance: Cμ = μ C, where μ is the → molecular weight and C the → specific heat capacity. The molar heat capacity of water is practically 18 cal/mole.C°.

Molar, adj. of → mole; → heat; → capacity.

molar heat of vaporization
  گرمای ِ بخارش ِ مولی   
garmâ-ye boxâreš-e moli

Fr.: chaleur de vaporisation molaire   

The amount of heat energy required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at its → boiling point, usually expressed in kJ/mol.

molar; → heat; → vaporization.

Nernst heat theorem
  فربین ِ گرمای ِ نرنست   
farbin-e garmâ-ye Nernst

Fr.: théorème de Nernst   

The entropy change for chemical reactions involving crystalline solid is zero at the absolute zero of temperature. Also known as the third law of thermodynamics.

Nernst effect; → heat; → theorem.


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