An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 11 Search : range
arrange
  رزگیدن   
rezgidan

Fr.: arranger, ranger   

1) To set in a rank or row. To put in order.
2) Music: To adapt for other instruments or voices.

From M.E. arayngen, from M.Fr. arangier, from O.Fr. arengier, from a- "to," → ad-, + rangier "set in a row," from rang, → rank.

Rezgidan "to set in a row," from Lori rezg "row," related to râst, → right, Av. rāz- "to direct, draw a line;" probably ultimately from Proto-Ir. *Hrazaka- "row."

arrangement
  رزگمان   
rezgmân

Fr.: arrangement   

The act of arranging or being arranged. Result or manner of arranging.

Verbal noun of → arrange.

d'Alembert-Lagrange principle
  پروز ِ دالامبر-لاگرانژ   
parvaz-e d'Alembert-Lagrange

Fr.: principe d'Alembert-Lagrange   

d'Alembert's principle.

d'Alembert's principle; → Lagrangian.

dynamic range
  برد ِ توانیک   
bord-e tavânik

Fr.: dynamique   

The ratio of the maximum to minimum signal levels present in an image. For instance, a true 12-bit digital camera is capable of providing a dynamic range of 4096 to 1.

Adj. of → dynamics; → range.

Lagrange's equations
  هموگش‌های ِ لاگرانژ   
hamugešhâ-ye Lagrange

Fr.: équation de Lagrange   

A set of second order → differential equations for a system of particles which relate the kinetic energy of the system to the → generalized coordinates, the generalized forces, and the time. If the motion of a → holonomic system is described by the generalized coordinates q1, q2, ..., qn and the → generalized velocities  q.1, q.2, ..., q.n, the equations of the motion are of the form: d/dt (∂T/∂q.i) - ∂T/∂q.i = Qi (i = 1, 2, ..., n), where T is the kinetic energy of the system and Qi the generalized force.

Lagrangian; → equation.

orange
  نارنجی   
nârenji (#)

Fr.: orange   

1) A globose berry with a yellowish to reddish-orange rind and a sweet edible pulp.
2) Any of a group of colors that are between red and yellow in hue (Merriam-Webster.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. orange, orenge, from M.L. pomum de orenge, from It. arancia, originally narancia, alteration of Ar. nâranj, from Pers. nârang, from Skt. narangah "orange tree."

Nârenji, from nârenj "orange," as above.

range
  ۱) بُرد؛ ۲)، ۳) گستره   
1) bord; (#) 2), 3) gostaré (#)

Fr.: 1) portée; 2), 3) étendue   

1) Physics: The maximum distance a projectile travels.
2) Math.: The → set of values that actually comes out of a → function. The range is a → subset of the → codomain.
3) Statistics: The interval between the largest and smallest values in a statistical distribution.

M.E., from O.Fr. range "range, rank," from rangier "to place in a row, arrange," from reng "row, line."

1) Bord past stem of bordan "to carry, transport" (Mid.Pers. burdan, O.Pers./Av. bar- "to bear, carry," barəθre "to bear (infinitive)," Skt. bharati "he carries," Gk. pherein, L. fero "to carry;" PIE base *bher- "to carry").
2) Gostaré, from gostar, gostardan "to expand; to spread; to diffuse" (Mid.Pers. wistardan "to extend; to spread;" Proto-Iranian *ui.star-; Av. vi- "apart, away from, out" (O.Pers. viy- "apart, away;" cf. Skt. vi- "apart, asunder, away, out;" L. vitare "to avoid, turn aside") + Av. star- "to spread," starati "spreads;" cf. Skt. star- "to spread out, extend, strew," strnati "spreads;" Gk. stornumi "I spread out," strotos "spread, laid out;" L. sternere "to spread;" Ger. Strahlung "radiation," from strahlen "to radiate," from Strahl "ray;" from M.H.G. strāle; from O.H.G. strāla "arrow," stripe; PIE base *ster- "to spread").

spectral range
  گستره‌ی ِ بینابی   
gostare-ye binâbi

Fr.: domain spectral   

The observable spectral range provided by a spectroscope, as determined by the grating dispersion, camera focal length, and detector size.

spectral; → range.

strange
  شگفت   
šegeft (#)

Fr.: étrange   

Unusual, not expected, extraordinary. → strange particle.

M.E., from O.Fr. estrange "foreign, alien," from L. extraneus "foreign, external," from extra "outside of," → extra-.

Šegeft, from Mid.Pers. škaft, škift, škuft "strange, wonderful, amazing;" Av. skapta- "wonderful."

strange particle
  ذره‌ی ِ شگفت   
zarre-e šegeft

Fr.: particule étrange   

An elementary particle created in high-energy particle collisions having a short life and a strangeness quantum number of 1. For example, sigma and xi baryons are strange particles. A strange particle is produced when a strange quark is created in a high-energy collision. → strangeness.

strange; the concept of "strange" arose from the observation that these particles decay rapidly, in contrast to others that do not. → particle.

strangeness
  شگفتی   
šegefti (#)

Fr.: étrangeté   

A quantum number used to describe certain short-lived particles. It is defined as the number of strange anti-quarks minus the number of strange quarks in a particle. Strangeness is conserved in any strong and electromagnetic interaction, but not in weak interactions.

Strangeness, the quality or condition of being → strange.