An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 5 Search : shield
heat shield
  سپر ِ گرمایی، گرماسپر   
separ-e garmâyi (#), garmâ-separ

Fr.: bouclier thermique   

A structure that protects against excessive heat, especially that which covers the vulnerable surfaces of a → spacecraft and protects it when re-entering the Earth's atmosphere.

heat; → shield.

ozone shield
  سپرِ اُزون   
separ-e ozon (#)

Fr.: bouclier d'ozone   

The ozone layer within the stratosphere that filters out potentially lethal intensities of ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

ozone; shield, from O.E. scield, scild, related to sciell "seashell, eggshell," from P.Gmc. *skeldus (cf. Du. schild, Ger. Schild, Goth. skildus); PIE base *(s)kel- "to cut."

Separ "shield," from Mid.Pers. spar "shield;" cf. Skt. phalaka- "board, lath, leaf, shield," phálati "(he) splits;" Gk. aspalon "skin, hide," spolas "flayed skin," sphalassein "to cleave, to disrupt;" O.H.G. spaltan "to split;" Goth. spilda "board;" PIE base *(s)p(h)el- "to split, to break off;" → ozone.

self-shielding
  خود-سپرکرد   
xod-separkard

Fr.: auto-écrantage   

The phenomenon whereby the → photodissociation transitions of a molecule in interstellar clouds become → optically thick, so that the molecule in question is "shielded" by other molecules against dissociating stellar → far-ultraviolet (FUV) photons. In the case of → molecular hydrogen (H2), when the → column density exceeds 1014 cm-2, the UV absorption bands become optically thick, and H2 undergoes self-shielding. More specifically, all of the photons that could lead to UV photodissociation are absorbed by H2 in the outer layers of the cloud, hence protecting the H2 within the cloud. Self-shielding occurs in → diffuse interstellar clouds exposed to the interstellar → radiation field or in → molecular clouds in proximity to sources of UV photons. Dust can also absorb UV photons, further limiting the photodissociation, but it dominates only when the local UV radiation field is unusually intense relative to the density of the cloud.

self-; → shield; → -ing.

shield
  سپر   
separ (#)

Fr.: bouclier, écran   

1) A broad piece of armor carried on the arm as a defense against swords, arrows, etc.
2) A person or thing that protects or defends. → heat shield; → ozone shield; → self-shielding; → shielding effect.

M.E. shelde, from O.E. scield, scild, related to sciell "seashell, eggshell;" cf. Du. schild, Ger. Schild, Goth. skildus; PIE base *(s)kel- "to cut."

Separ "shield," from Mid.Pers. spar "shield;" cf. Skt. phalaka- "board, lath, leaf, shield," phálati "(he) splits;" Gk. aspalon "skin, hide," spolas "flayed skin," sphalassein "to cleave, to disrupt;" O.H.G. spaltan "to split;" Goth. spilda "board;" PIE base *(s)p(h)el- "to split, to break off."

shielding effect
  اُسکر ِ سپر   
oskar-e separ

Fr.: effet d'écran   

The decrease in attraction between an electron and the nucleus in any atom with more than one → electron shell. The repulsion forces from other electrons in shells cause the net force on electrons in outer shells to be significantly smaller in magnitude. Also known as → screening effect.

shield; → effect;