An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

1) The design and use of scientific instruments for detection, measurement, control, computation, and so on.
2) The ensemble of instruments contained in a given machine or system.

From → instrument + -ation a combination of -ate and -ion, used to form verbal nouns.

Sâzâlgari, noun from sâzâlgar, → instrumentalist. Sâzâlgân, with plurality suffix -gân.

To cover or to separate from conducting bodies by means of nonconductors so as to prevent or reduce the passage, transfer, or leakage of heat, electricity, or sound. → insulation, → insulator.

From L. insulatus "made into an island," from L. insula "island."

From âyeq, → insulator, + kardan "to do," → -or.

1) The act or fact of insulating.
2) Any material used to reduce or prevent the transfer of electricity, heat, cold, or sound.

Verbal noun from → insulate.

1) A material or an object that does not easily allow heat, electricity, light, or sound to pass through it.
2) Electricity: A material, such as glass or porcelain, that opposes a very high resistance to the passage of an electric current so that the flow of current through it is negligible; a nonconductor.
3) One who, or that which, insulates.

Agent noun from → insulate + → -or.

Âyeq, loan from Ar.

The act, system, or business of insuring property, life, one's person, etc., against loss or harm arising in specified contingencies, as fire, accident, death, disablement, or the like, in consideration of a payment proportionate to the risk involved (Dictionary.com).

→ insure; → -ance.

Bimé, from bim "fear, danger" (variant bâk "fear, hesitation"); Mid.Pers. bīm "fear, fright, dread;" Av. b(a)ii- "to fear;" cf. Skt. bhayⁱ- "to fear," bhīmá- "terrible;" Lith. bijoti(s), Latv. bîtiês "to fear, be afraid;" O.H.G. biben "to shiver;" PIE *b^heiH₂- "to fear" (Cheung 2007).

1) To provide or obtain → insurance on or for.
2) Make certain that something is definitely so. Same as make sure and ensure.

Variant of → ensure.

1) Bimé kardan, from bimé, → insurance, + kardan "to do, make," → -ize.
2) Dartenzidan, from dar-, → in-, + tenz, → sure, + -idan infinitive suffix, → -ize.

Same as → integer number.

From L. integer "whole," literally "intact, untouched," from → in- "not" + root of tangere "to touch."

Dorost "whole, complete; healthy; right," → integral.

Any member of the set consisting of → positive and → negative whole numbers and → zero. Examples: -5, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 5.

→ integer; → number.

1) Consisting of whole numbers or integers.
2) Mathematical function obtained by the process of → integration.

Integral, from M.Fr. intégral, from M.L. integralis "forming a whole," → integer "whole."

1) Dorostâl, from dorost "whole, complete; healthy; right," related to dorud "benediction, praise, thanksgiving," from Mid.Pers. drust "whole; healthy; well, right," drôd "health, thriving;" O.Pers. duruva- "firm, certain, immune;" Av. druua- "healthy;" cf. Skt. dhruvá- "fixed, firm, immovable, lasting, certain;" Russ. zdorovyjj "healthy;" See also → sound.
2) Dorostâl, from dorost + -âl, → -al.

Branch of the calculus that deals with integration and its use in finding volumes, areas, equations of curves, solutions of differential equations, etc.

→ integral; → calculus.

An equation involving an unknown function that appears as part of an integrand.

→ integral; → equation.

A technique in spectroscopy for recording a spectrum from each point of an extended object. The field of view image is divided into a multitude of small components using different methods, e.g. lenslet arrays, fiber bundles, or image slicers. From each component a spectrum is extracted or an image is reconstructed at a particular wavelength.

→ integral; → field; → spectroscopy.

A function whose image is a subset of the integers, i.e. that takes only integer values.

→ integral; → function.

Math.: An operator whose inverse is a differential operator.

→ integral; → operator.

The function which is being integrated in a given integral.

From L. integrandum, noun use of neuter of integrandus, gerundive of integrare, → integrate.

Dorostâlân, pr.p. of dorostâlidan, → integrate.

1) To carry out the mathematical operation of → integration.
2) To add up photons when exposing a detector to incoming light through the telescope.

From L. integratus p.p. of integrare "to renew, restore," → integer + -ate a verb forming suffix.

Dorostâlidan, infinitive of dorostâl, → integral; dorostâl gereftan "to take (an) integral;" gereftan "to take, seize" (Mid.Pers. griftan, Av./O.Pers. grab- "to take, seize," cf. Skt. grah-, grabh- "to seize, take," graha "seizing, holding, perceiving," M.L.G. grabben "to grab," from P.Gmc. *grab, E. grab "to take or grasp suddenly;" PIE base *ghrebh- "to seize").

A circuit whose components are found on a single semiconductor substrate.

Integrated, p.p. of → integrate; → circuit.

The branch of electronics that deals with integrated circuits, especially the interdependence of material, circuits, and design.

Integrated, p.p. of → integrate; → electronics.

The magnitude an extended object (nebula, galaxy,etc.) would have if all of its light were concentrated into a point source

Integrated, p.p. of → integrate; → magnitude.

A function that converts a → differential equation, which is not exact, into an → exact differential equation. This is done by multiplying all terms of the original equation by the integrating factor.

→ integrate; → factor.