An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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A catalog (Bennett, 1962) based on the original 3C survey (Edge et al., 1960) made at Cambridge at 159 MHz using a complex → interferometer system. This → survey was preceded by the 2C survey made with the same instrument at 81 MHz with a resolution two times poorer. The 2C catalog contained 1936 sources, but owing to the poor resolving power, it became clear at an early stage that many of these sources were not real, and were due to blends of two or more sources in the primary antenna beam. Moreover, except for the strongest sources, the determination of the flux density and angular coordinates was poor. The 3C survey contained only 471 sources and was considerably more reliable. Nevertheless, because of the relatively poor primary resolving power, there were still large errors in the positions and flux densities. In particular, it was frequently uncertain in which → lobe of the → interference pattern a particular source was located, and this introduced large positional uncertainties. In order to reduce these uncertainties an additional survey was made at 178 MHz using a large parabolic cylinder antenna. The narrow E-W beam of this antenna eliminated nearly all of the lobe ambiguities of the original 3C catalog. The data from the two surveys were combined to form the then most reliable radio source catalog - the Revised 3C or 3CR Catalogue. The same parabolic cylinder antenna was later used together with a smaller moveable antenna as an aperture synthesis instrument to make a complete high-resolution survey of the northern sky (the 4C survey), which contains about 2000 sources (NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, NED).

3, for the third "version;" C, for "catalog;" R, for "revised;" → catalog.

A catalog of 4073 rich → galaxy clusters grouped by constellation and by catalog number. Published first in 1958, it contained the clusters visible from the northern hemisphere. A supplement for the southern hemisphere survey was published in 1988.

George O. Abell (1927-1983), American astronomer; → catalog.

A collection of 109 impressive celestial objects compiled for amateur astronomers. These objects (→ star clusters, → nebulae, → supernova remnants, and → galaxies), selected from the → New General Catalog and the → Index Catalog, are not present in the → Messier catalog.

Named after Patrick Caldwell Moore (1923-2012), English amateur astronomer, who compiled the catalog in 1995; → catalog.

A list or record of items systematically arranged with descriptive details. → Index Catalogue; → Messier catalog; → New General Catalogue.

M.E. cathaloge, cateloge, from M.Fr. catalogue, from L.L. catalogus, from Gk. katalogos "a list, register," from kata "down, completely" + legein "to say, count," → -logy.

Kâtâlog, loan from Fr., as above.

Same as catalog position and → mean catalog place.

→ catalog; → place.

Same as catalog place and → mean catalog place.

→ catalog; → position.

A catalog of → open clusters published in 1931.

Named after Per Collinder (1890-1975) the Swedish astronomer who created the catalog; → catalog.

A catalog of fields along the → ecliptic observed by the → K2 mission. The catalog is hosted at the → Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST).

→ ecliptic; → plane; → input; → catalogue.

A compilation of all known stars within the solar neighborhood with accurately known distances. The first version, Catalogue of Nearby Stars, published in 1957, contained nearly 1000 stars located within 20 pc of Earth, listing their known properties. Gliese published an updated version in 1969, extending the range out to 22 pc. He published the second edition of the catalog in 1979 in collaboration with Hartmut Jahreiss. The combined catalog is now commonly referred to as the Gliese-Jahreiss catalog.

Wilhelm Gliese (1915-1993), a German astronomer who worked at the Heidelberg observatory; → catalog.

Either of two catalogues of non-stellar objects, which serve as supplements to the → New General Catalogue.

→ index; → catalog

A catalog based on a pre-defined list of objects prepared for new observations, mainly using → space telescopes. → Ecliptic Plane Input Catalogue.

→ input; → catalog.

That point on the → celestial sphere at which an object would be seen from the solar system → barycenter affected by the → e-terms → aberration.

→ catalog; → mean; → place.

A catalog of more than 100 nebulous-appearing astronomical objects, initially established to avoid confusion with comets. These objects are now well known to be among the brightest and most striking gaseous nebulae, star clusters, and galaxies. The designations of the catalog are still used in identification; e.g. M1 is the Crab Nebula (in Taurus).

In honor of the French astronomer Charles Messier (1730-1817), who compiled the list between 1760 and 1784 in order to avoid confusion with comets; → catalog.

A catalogue of 7,840 non-stellar objects compiled by J. L. E. Dreyer and published in 1888. A further 1,529 objects were listed in a supplement that appeared seven years later, called the → Index Catalogue (IC). The Second Index Catalogue of 1908 extended the supplementary list to 5,386 objects.

→ new; → general; → catalog

A catalog of stars in the → Orion Nebula created by P. P. Parenago in 1954 (Publ. Astr. Inst. Sternberg, Band 25, p. 393-437, Moskau).

Pavel Petrovich Parenago (1906-1960), a Soviet astronomer.

A catalog of → H II regions in the → southern  → Milky Way based on observations obtained at Mount Stromlo Observatory (Australia). It contains 181 → H-alpha emission objects characterized by their positions, dimensions, and estimated brightness.

Rodgers,A.W., Campbell, C.T., Whiteoak, J.B., 1960, MNRAS, 121, 103; → catalog.

Ross, Frank E., 1926, "New proper-motion stars, (second list)", Astronomical Journal 36, 856.

Frank Elmore Ross (1874-1960) was the succeeded to E. E. Barnard at Yerkes Observatory. He inheriting Barnard's collection of photographic plates. Ross decided to repeat the same series of images and compare the results with a → blink comparator. He discovered 379 new variable stars and over 1000 stars of high proper motion.

A deep → objective prism survey of the → Large Magellanic Cloud carried out with the Curtis Schmidt telescope on Cerro Tololo in Chile. A total of 1272 stars, generally brighter than → photographic magnitude ~ 14, are listed in the catalog as proven or probable LMC members. The stars are identified on the charts in the LMC Atlas of Hodge & Wright (1967).

By Nicholas Sanduleak (1933-1990), American astronomer, published in 1970 as Contribution No. 89 of the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory; → catalog.

A general whole-sky catalog compiled by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory which results from the combination of several earlier catalogs. The compilation gives positions and proper motions for 258,997 stars, of which 8,712 are double and 499 variable, with an average distribution of 6 stars per square degree. The star positions have an average standard deviation of 0''.2 at their original epochs (0''.5 at epoch 1963.5). The equinox is 1950.0 and the system that of the FK4.

SAO acrynome of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; → star; → catalog.

A catalog of 1,249 galaxies, brighter than the 13th magnitude, published in 1932. A revised version was published by A.R. Sandage and G. A. Tammann in 1981.

By the American astronomer Harlow Shapley (1885-1972) and the American woman astronomer Adelaide Ames (1900-1932), who died in a drowning accident; → catalog.