An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

1) Arrest (someone) for a crime.
2) → Understand or → perceive. Often to hold in opinion but without positive certainty.

From L. apprehendere "to take hold of, grasp," from → ad- "to" + prehendere "to seize," → prehend.

1) Grasp mentally; understand.
2) Include, comprise, or encompass.
Comprehend and understand are very often interchangeable. In fact, both words mean "grasp the meaning of," but in some cases understand stresses the final result, while comprehend stresses the process of getting there.

From L. comprehendere "to take together, to unite; include; seize," from → com- "together, with," + prehendere "to seize," → prehend.

1) Philosophy: To apprehend with or without conscious formulation or cognition of the perceived object; to interact in time and space with an object or event (Oxford Dictionary, lexico.com).
2) (obsolete) To sieze.

From L. prehendere "to seize," from prae- "before," → pre-, + -hendere , from PIE root *ghend- "to seize, take," root of Gk. khandanein "to hold, contain;" Lith. godetis "be eager;" Welsh gannu "to hold, contain;" Russian za-gadka "riddle;" Old Norse geta "to obtain, reach; to be able to;" E. get.

Nutidan, from nut-, from Yaghnobi nôta "to take," from Sogd. niyât "to take, grasp," from Proto-Ir. *ni-yāta-, from *iam- "to take, to hold;" cf. Av. yam- (yās-) "to hold, keep;" O.Pers. yas- "to strech, reach out;" Skt. yam- "to hold, restrain" (Cheung 2007).