An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

The times at which the apparent upper limb of the ascending Moon is on the astronomical horizon.

→ moon; → rise.

1) Of a heavenly body, to ascend above the horizon. → set.
2) An act or instance of rising; appearance above the horizon. → moonrise, → sunrise

M.E. risen (v.); O.E. risan; cf. O.N. risa, Goth. urreisan "to rise," O.H.G. risan "to rise, flow," Ger. reisen "to travel."

Barâmadan, from bar- "up; upon; on; in; into; at; forth; with; near; before; according to" (Mid.Pers. abar; O.Pers. upariy "above; over, upon, according to;" Av. upairi "above, over," upairi.zəma- "located above the earth;" cf. Gk. hyper- "over, above;" L. super-; O.H.G. ubir "over;" PIE base *uper "over") + âmadan "to come, to occur, to become" (Mid.Pers. âmatan; O.Pers. gam- "to come; to go," Av. gam- "to come; to go," jamaiti "goes;" Proto-Iranian *āgmatani; Skt. gamati "goes;" Gk. bainein "to go, walk, step;" L. venire "to come;" Tocharian A käm- "to come;" O.H.G. queman "to come;" E. come; PIE root *gwem- "to go, come").

The time at which the apparent upper limb of the rising Sun is on the astronomical horizon, that is when the true zenith distance, referred to the center of the Earth, of the central point of the disk is 90°50', based on adopted values of 34' for horizontal refraction and 16' for the Sun semidiameter.

→ Sun; → rise.