An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 662
infectious
  فژناک   
fažnâk

Fr.: infectieux   

1) Capable of causing infection.
2) Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.

infect(ion) + -ious, variant of → -ous.

infective
  فژشی، فژشگر، فژنده   
faži, fažgar, fažande

Fr.: infectieux   

Capable of causing infection.

infect; → -ive.

inference
  دربرد   
darbord

Fr.: inférence   

1) The act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true.
2) Something that is inferred.

From M.L. inferentia, from inferre, from → in- "in" + ferre "to carry, bear," cognate with Pers. bordan "to carry, bear," as below.

Darbord (on the models of daryâft "perception" and peybord "understanding, finding;" see also bâzbord, → reference), from dar-, → in-, + bord past stem of bordan "to carry, bear;" (Mid.Pers. burdan; O.Pers./Av. bar- "to bear, carry," Av. barəθre "to bear (infinitive);" Skt. bharati "he carries;" Gk. pherein; L. fero "to carry;" PIE base *bher- "to carry").

inferior
  زیرین   
zirin (#)

Fr.: inférieure   

Lower in place or position; closer to the bottom or base.
Astro.: → inferior conjunction; → inferior culmination; → inferior planet.

From L. inferior "lower," comp. form of inferus (adj.) "that is below or beneath," from infra "below" (→ infrared), cognate with Pers. zir, as below.

Zirin, adj. from zir "below, down," Mid.Pers. azêr "below, under," êr "below, down; low, under," adar "low;" Av. aδara- (adj.), aδairi- (prep.) "below;" cf. Skt. ádhara- "lower;" L. infra (adv., prep.) "below, underneath, beneath," inferus "lower;" O.E. under "under, among"); PIE base *ndher.

inferior conjunction
  هم‌ایستان ِ زیرین   
hamistân-e zirin

Fr.: conjonction inférieure   

The conjunction of an inferior planet with the Sun when the planet is between the Sun and the Earth. → superior conjunction.

inferior; → conjunction.

inferior culmination
  بالست ِ زیرین   
bâlest-e zirin

Fr.: culmination inférieure   

The meridian transit of a star between the celestial pole and the north point of the horizon. Same as → lower culmination. → superior culmination.

inferior; → culmination.

inferior planet
  سیاره‌ی ِ زیرین   
sayyâre-ye zirin (#)

Fr.: planète inférieure   

A planet that orbits between the Earth and the Sun. Mercury and Venus are the only two inferior planets in the Solar System.

inferior; → planète.

infinite
  بیکران   
bikarân (#)

Fr.: infini   

Unlimited or unmeasurable in extent of space, duration of time, etc.
Math.: Not finite; an infinite quantity or magnitude; large beyond bound.
Of a set, having elements that can be put into one-to-one correspondence with a subset that is not the given set.

in- + → finite.

infinite population
  پرینش ِ بیکران   
porineš-e bikarân

Fr.: population infinie   

A → statistical population consisting of individuals or items which either possesses the infinite property through some limiting process or is non-enumerable. For example, the population of all → real numbers between 0 and 1 and the population of all → integers are examples of infinite population. In case of random sampling with replacement, any population is always infinite.

infinite; → population.

infinite series
  سری ِ بیکران   
seri-ye bikarân (#)

Fr.: série infinie   

A series with infinitely many terms, in other words a series that has no last term, such as 1 + 1/4 + 1/9 + 1/16 + · · · + 1/n2 + ... . The idea of infinite series is familiar from decimal expansions, for instance the expansion π = 3.14159265358979... can be written as π = 3 + 1/10 + 4/102 + 1/103 + 5/104 + 9/105 + 2/106 + 6/107 + 5/108 + 3/109 + 5/1010 + 8/1011 + ... , so π is an "infinite sum" of fractions. See also → finite series.

infinite; → series.

infinite set
  هنگرد ِ بیکران   
hangard-e bikarân

Fr.: ensemble infini   

A set which can be put in a one-to-one correspondence with part of itself.

infinite; → set.

infinitesimal
  بی‌کران‌خُرد   
bikarânxord

Fr.: infinitésimal   

General: Indefinitely or exceedingly small.
Math.: A variable that approaches zero as a limit. A quantity decreasing indefinitely without actually becoming zero.

Infinitesimal, coined by Ger. philosopher and mathematician Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716) from N.L. infinitesim(us) "infinite in rank," from infinit(us), → infinite, + -esimus suffix of ordinal numerals + → -al.

Bikarânxord, from bikarân "unbounded, unlimited, infinite," from bi- "without" + karân "boundary, side, end" (variants karâné, kenâr, from Mid.Pers. karân, karânak, kenâr "edge, limit, boundary," Av. karana- "side, boundary, end") + xord "minute, little, small" (from Mid.Pers. xvart, xôrt "small, insignificant;" Av. ādra- "weak, dependent;" Skt. ādhrá- "small, weak, poor," nādh "to be oppressed;" Gk. nothros "sluggish;" PIE base *nhdhro-).

infinitesimal calculus
  افماریک ِ بی‌کران‌خُرد   
afmârik-e bikarânxord

Fr.: calcul infinitésimal   

The body of rules and processes by means of which continuously varying magnitudes are dealt with in → calculus. The combined methods of mathematical analysis of → differential calculus and → integral calculus.

infinitesimal, → calculus.

infinitive
  کرپایه   
karpâyé

Fr.: infinitif   

The nominal form of the verb which expresses the idea of action or state without indicating person, number, or tense.

Contraction of L. infinitivus modus "unlimited, indefinite mood," from L. infinitus, → infinite.

Karpâyé, literally "action base," from kar-, → verb, + pâyé, → base.

infinity
  بی‌پایان، بی‌پایانی   
bipâyân (#), bipâyâni (#)

Fr.: infini, infinité   

That quantity which is greater than any assignable quantity.

Noun form of → infinite.

infirm
  ۱) نادش؛ ۲) نادشیدن   
1) nâdeš; 2) nâdešidan

Fr.: 1) infirme; 2) invalider   

1) Feeble or weak in body or health, especially because of age.
2) To unvalidate.

M.E. infirm, from L. infirmus "weak, frail, not strong or firm" from → in- "not, opposite of" + firmus, → firm.

Nâdeš, from nâ- "not," → in-, + deš, → firm.

infix
  دروند   
darvand

Fr.: infixe   

An → affix that is inserted within a root or stem.

From L. infixus p.p. of infigere "to fasten in," from in- + figere "fasten."

Darvand, from dar- "in" + vand, → affix.

inflate
  پندامیدن   
pandâmidan

Fr.: s'enfler   

To become inflated; to increase, especially suddenly and substantially. → inflation, → inflatory model.

Inflate, from L. inflatus p.p. of inflare "to blow into, puff up," from → in- "into" + flare "to blow."

Pandâmidan "to swell," from pandâm [Mo'in] "swelling;" Borujerdi panâm, panam "swellig;" Malâyeri panomidan "to swell;" Laki penamiyen "to swell;" Hamadâni pandumidan "swelling of the eye or other parts of the body;" Kermâni padum kerdan "to swell," padum "swelled; fat, corpulent;" Tâleši pandâm, pandom "swelling;" Gilaki pandâm kudan "rising of river water caused by flood;" cf. Gk. pneuma "wind; breath," from pnein "to blow; to breathe;" PIE base *pneu- "to breathe." Related terms in other Indo-European languages: O.E. fnaeran "to breathe heavily," fneosan "to snort, sneeze;" M.H.G. pfnusen, pfnehen "to breathe, pant, sniff, snort, sneeze;" Norw. fnysa "to breeze;" M.Du. fniesen, Du. fniezen "to sneeze;" O.H.G. niosan, Ger. niesen "to sneeze."

inflation
  پندام   
pandâm

Fr.: inflation   

1) General: The act of inflating; the state of being inflated.
2) Cosmology: A brief exponential expansion of the Universe postulated to have occurred 10-35 seconds after the → Big Bang, in response to the separation of the → strong interaction from the → electroweak interaction. This idea aims at explaining the → flatness problem, the → horizon problem, and the → magnetic monopole problem. See also → inflaton field.

Verbal noun of → inflate.

inflationary model
  مدل ِ پندامی   
model-e pandâmi

Fr.: modèle d'inflation   

A class of → Big Bang models of the Universe that include a finite period of accelerated expansion in their early histories. Such an event would have released enormous energy, stored until then in the vacuum of space-time. The horizon of the Universe expanded, temporarily, much faster than the speed of light. → inflaton field.

Inflationary, adj. of → inflation; → model.

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