An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 391
northern
  هودری   
hudari

Fr.: nord   

1) Lying toward or situated in the → north.
2) North of the → celestial equator or of the → zodiac.

M.E., from O.E. norþerna, norðerne "northern," from norð "northern" + + -erne, suffix denoting direction

Hudari, relating to hudar, → north.

Northern Cross
  چلیپای ِ هودری   
calipâ-ye hudari

Fr.: Croix du Nord   

An arrangement of stars in the form of a cross in the constellation → Cygnus.

north; → cross.

northern hemisphere
  نیم‌سپهر ِ هودری   
nimsepehr-e hudari

Fr.: hémisphère nord   

The half of the → Earth or another → astronomical object between the → north pole and the → equator.

northern; → hemisphere.

nose
  ۱) دماغ، بینی؛ ۲) دماغه   
1) damâq (#), bini (#); 2) damâqé (#)

Fr.: nez   

1) The part projecting above the mouth serving as the organ of breathing and smelling.
2) Something like a nose in shape or position, especially the front end of an → aircraft. See also → nozzle.

M.E.; O.E. nosu (O.N. nös; Du. neus; O.H.G. nasa; Ger. Nase); PIE root *nas- "nose;" cf. Skt. nasa-; Av. nāh-; O.Pers. nāham; L. nasus; O.C.S. nasu; Lith. nosis. See also → nostril.

1) Damâq, ultimately from Proto-Ir. *damaka-, from *damH- "to breathe, to blow;" cf. Pers. dam-, damidan "to breathe, to blow;" Av. dāδmainya- "blowing up;" cf. Skt. dahm- "to blow," dhámati "blows;" Gk. themeros "austere, dark-looking;" Lith. dumti "to blow;" PIE dhem-/dhemə- "to smoke, to blow."
Bini "nose;" Mid.Pers. wênig "nose" (Av. vaēna- "nose"), related to wên "breath;" cognate with jân "vital spirit, soul," → animate.
2) Damâqé, from damâq + nuance suffix .

nostril
  ناگه   
nâge

Fr.: narine   

Either of the two external openings of the → nose; a naris.

M.E. nostrill, nosethirl, O.E. nosthyrl, literally "the hole of the nose," from nosu "nose"+ thyrel "hole."

Nâge, from (Fârs Province) Khuri nog, nug "nose," variants Sabzevâri nos, Shushtari, Bovir Ahmadi, Lori neft "nose;" Mid.Pers. nâk "nose;" cf. Sogd. nêc "nose, nostril" (from *nāhika-) O.Pers. nāh-, Av. nāh- "nose;" cognate with E. → nose.

not
  نه، نا، نی   
na, nâ, ni

Fr.: non; ne ... pas   

A → particle used to express → negation, → denial, refusal, or prohibition.

Not, variant of noht, naht "in no way," from O.E. nawiht "nothing" (from na "no, never" + whit "whit"), akin to Pers. na, nâ, as below.

Na "no, not," variants nâ, ni, ma- (prohibitive) "not;" from Mid.Pers. nê, ma "no, not;" O.Pers. naiy, nai "not;" Av. nôit, naē "not;" cf. Skt. "not;" cf. L. ne-, in-, un-; Gk. ni; Lith. ; O.C.S. ne "not;" E. not, as above; PIE *ne-.

notation
  نمادگان   
namâdgân (#)

Fr.: notation   

Representation of numbers, quantities, or other entities by symbols; a system of symbols for such a purpose.

From L. notationem (nom. notatio) "a marking, explanation," from notatus, p.p. of notare "to note."

Namâdgân, from namâd, → symbol, + -gân suffix denoting order, organization, multiplicity.

note
  نت   
not (#)

Fr.: note   

Musical sound of specified frequency (pitch) produced by a musical instrument, voice, etc.

From M.E., from O.F., from M.L. nota "sign for musical tone; mark, sign, lettering."

Not, loanword from Fr.

nothing
  هیچ   
hic (#)

Fr.: rien   

1) No thing; not anything; naught.
2) Nonexistence; nothingness.

M.E., from O.E. nathing, nathinc, from nan "not one," → non-, + → thing.

Mid.Pers. hêc, hêc(i), hâca "any."

notion
  پنداره   
pendâré (#)

Fr.: notion   

A general understanding; vague or imperfect conception or idea of something.

From L. notio "concept, conception, idea," from noscere "to know," → knowledge.

Pendâré, noun from pendâštan "to imagine, consider, think," → imaginary number.

noun
  نامواز   
nâmvâz

Fr.: nom   

A word or group of words that refers to a person, place, or thing or any syntactically similar word (Collins).

M.E. nowne; O.Fr. nom, non, from Latin nomen "name, noun," → name.

Nâmvâz "noun," from nâm, → name, + vâz "word," variants vâž, âvâz, vâj, vât, vâ, → voice.

nourish
  فاریدن   
fâridan

Fr.: nourrir   

1) To sustain with food or nutriment; supply with what is necessary for life, health, and growth; feed.
2) To strengthen, build up, or promote (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. norriss-, stem of norrir "raise, bring up, nurture, foster; maintain, provide for," from L. nutrire "to feed, nurse, foster, support, preserve," from *nutri, older form of nutrix "nurse,") literally "she who gives suck."

Fâridan, from the Fârs province dialects Sivandi fâr- and Xori fôr- "to eat," probably development of Proto-Ir. *hu- "to eat" (Av. xvar-, Pers. xordan, → feed) to f-, also Tajiki furt-, fə- "to gulp, swallow," maybe from a separate root (Cheung 2007).

nourishment
  فارمان   
fârmân

Fr.: nourriture   

1) Something that nourishes; food, nutriment, or sustenance.
2) The act of nourishing. The state of being nourished (Dictionary.com).

M.E. norysshement, from M.Fr. norissement, → nourish, → -ment.

Fârmân, noun from fâridan (like sâzmân, sâxtemân, câymân, râžmân, and others).

nova
  نووا، نو‌اختر   
novâ, now-axtar (#)

Fr.: nova   

A star that experiences a sudden increase in → luminosity, by a s much as 106. The → outburst ejects a shell of matter but does not disrupt the star.

Nova, from L. stella nova "new star," from stellastar + nova, fem. of novusnew.

Novâ, from now, → new; now-axtar "new star," from now, as above, + axtar, → astro-.

novel
  نوال، رمان   
novâl, român (#)

Fr.: roman   

A fictitious prose narrative of considerable length and complexity, portraying characters and usually presenting a sequential organization of action and scenes (Dictionary.com).

From It. novella (storia) "new kind of story," from L. novellus "new, young, recent," → new.

Novâl, from now, → new, + -âl, → -al. Român, from Fr. roman, from V.L. *romanice "in the manner of Romans."

nozzle
  کلپ   
kalap

Fr.: 1) bec; 2) tuyère   

1) Tha end part of a → pipe, → hose, or → tube through which a → stream of → fluid is directed.
2) A part in a → rocket → engine that accelerates the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber to a high → velocity.

M.E. noselle, diminutive of → nose.

Kalap "the beak of a bird" (Biruni, at-Tafhim), may be from *galap-, ultimately from Proto-Ir. *ui-lap-; cf. Mid.Pers. lap "lip," Mod.Pers. lab cognate with L. labium, E. lip.

nozzle throat
  گلو‌ی ِ کلپ   
galu-ye kalap

Fr.: col de tuyère   

The portion of a nozzle with the smallest → cross section.

nozzle; → throat.

nuance
  ساگن   
sâgen

Fr.: nuance   

1) A subtle difference or distinction in expression, meaning, response, etc.
2) A very slight difference or variation in color or tone (Dictionary.com).

From Fr. nuance "shade of color, hue," from nuer "to shade," from nue "cloud," from L. nubes "a cloud, mist, vapor," → nebula.

Sâgen, from Xoyini sâgené "shade, shadow," related to sâyé, → shadow.

nuclear
  هسته‌ای   
haste-yi (#)

Fr.: nucléaire   

Of or pertaining to a → nucleus.

From nucle(us), → nucleus, + -ar variant of the adjective-forming suffix → -al.

Haste-yi, from hasté, → nucleus, + -i adjective-forming suffix.

nuclear barrier
  ورغه‌ی ِ هسته‌ای   
varqe-ye haste-yi (#)

Fr.: barrière nucléaire   

The region of high potential energy through which a charged particle must pass on entering or leaving an atomic nucleus. → Gamow barrier.

nuclear; → barrier.

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