An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 49 Search : near
linear programming
  برنامه‌سازی ِ خطی   
barnâme-sâzi-ye xatti (#)

Fr.: programmation linéaire   

A procedure for finding the maximum or minimum of a → linear function where the → arguments are subject to linear → constraints. For problems involving more than two variables or problems involving a large number of constraints, solution methods used are those that are adaptable to computers. A well-known such → algorithm is the → simplex method.

linear; → programmings.

linear regression
  وایازی ِ خطی   
vâyâzi-ye xatti

Fr.: regression linéaire   

In statistics, a regression method that establishes a linear relationship between two random variables.

linear; → regression.

linear size
  اندازه‌ی ِ خطی   
andâze-ye xatti

Fr.: taille linéaire   

The real, physical size, as opposed to angular size.

linear; → size.

linear system
  راژمان ِ خطی   
râžmân-e xatti

Fr.: système linéaire   

Physics: A → dynamical system whose evolution is a linear process. If a change in any variable at some initial time produces a change in the same or some other variable at some later time, twice as large a change at the same initial time will produce twice as large a change at the same later time.

linear; → system.

linear velocity
  تندای ِ خطی   
tondâ-ye xatti

Fr.: vitesse linéaire   

The rate of change of the position of an object that is traveling along a straight path. In other words, the velocity of an object when its moving direction is not changing. For a given → angular velocity (ω), the linear velocity v of the particle is directly proportional to the distance of the particle from the center of the circular path: v = ω ×r.

linear; → velocity.

linearity
  خطیگی   
xattigi

Fr.: linéarité   

The property, condition, or state of being linear.
Math.: A relationship between two variables so that when plotted on a graph they yield a straight line.

linear; → -ity.

linearization
  خطش، خطانش   
xatteš, xattâneš

Fr.: linéarisation   

A process of reduction to linear form by appropriate change of variables or by approximation.

Verbal noun of → linearize.

linearize
  خطیدن، خطانیدن   
xattidan, xattânidan

Fr.: linéariser   

To make linear; give linear form to.

linear + → -ize.

linearized differential equation
  هموگش ِ دگرسانه‌ای ِ خطی   
hamugeš-e degarsâneyi-ye xatti

Fr.: équation différentielle linéarisée   

A differential equation that has been derived from an original nonlinear equation.

Linearized, p.p. of → linearize; → differential; → equation.

linearly
  خطانه   
xattâné

Fr.: linéairement   

In a manner characterized by first-degree algebraic terms.

Adverb of → linear.

linearly dependent
  خطانه وابسته   
xattâné vâbasté

Fr.: linéairement dépendant   

A set of objects x1, x2, ..., xn (→ vectors, → matrices, → polynomials, etc.) on a given set if there is a linear combination of them: a1x1 + a2x2 + ... + anxn, which is zero, but at least one of the coefficients is non-zero. For example the binomials (2x + y) and (6x + 3y) are linearly dependent, since 3(2x + y) - (6x + 3y) = 0.

linearly; → dependent.

linearly independent
  خطانه ناوابسته   
xattâné nâvâbasté

Fr.: linéairement indépendant   

1) A set of objects x1, x2, ..., xn (→ vectors, → matrices, → polynomials, etc.) if it si not → linearly dependent.
2) Of two particular solutions (y1, y2) of a → homogeneous linear differential equation of the second order (y'' + a1 y' + a2y = 0) on an interval [a, b], if their ratio in this interval is not a constant: y1/y2≠ constant.

linearly; → independent.

linearly polarized light
  نور ِ قطبیده‌ی ِ خطی   
nur-e qotbide-ye xatti

Fr.: lumière polarisée linéairement   

Light exhibiting → linear polarization.

linearly; → polarized; → light.

near
  نزدیک   
nazdik (#)

Fr.: proche   

Close; to a point or place not far away.

O.E. near "closer, nearer," comparative of neah, neh "nigh."

Nazdik, from Mid.Pers. nazdik "near," from nazd "close" (Mid.Pers. nazd, nazdik "near," nazdist "first;" O.Pers. ašna- "close;" Av. nazdišta- "nearest, next," nazdyo "nearer to," nas- "to come near, approach, reach;" cf. Skt. nédīyas- "closer, very close," nas- "to approach, to reach") + -ik, → -ic.

near ultraviolet
  فرابنفش ِ نزدیک   
farâbanafš-e nazdik (#)

Fr.: proche ultraviolet   

The longest wavelengths of the ultraviolet region, which are adjacent to the visible, from 200 to 350 nm.

near; → ultraviolet.

near-Earth asteroid (NEA)
  سیارک ِ زمین-نزدیک   
sayyârak-e zamin-nazdik

Fr.: astéroïde géocroiseur   

An → asteroid whose orbit lies partly between 0.983 and 1.3 → astronomical units from the Sun, so that it passes close to the Earth. Currently thousands of near-Earth asteroids are known, ranging in size up to about 30 km. Among them, there are between 500 and 1,000 such asteroids larger than one km in diameter. They are divided into three subclasses: → Amor asteroids, → Apollo asteroids, and → Aten asteroids. See also → near-Earth object.

near; → earth; → asteroid.

near-Earth object (NEO)
  بر‌آخت ِ زمین-نزدیک   
barâxt-e zamin-nazdik

Fr.: géocroiseur   

An → asteroid, → comet, or large → meteoroid whose orbit brings it exceptionally close to the Earth, and which may therefore pose a collision danger. Most such objects are in orbits around the Sun with → perihelion distance less than 1.3 → astronomical units. See also → near-Earth asteroid.

near; → earth; → object.

near-infrared
  فروسرخ ِ نزدیک   
forusorx-e nazdik (#)

Fr.: proche infrarouge   

That region of the → electromagnetic spectrum covering shorter infrared wavelengths. It contains the → infrared windows between about 0.8 and 8 → microns, but the longer wavelength limit is not well defined. See also: → infrared radiation, → mid-infrared, → far-infrared, → submillimeter radiation.

near; → infrared.

nonhomogeneous linear differential equation
  هموگش ِ دگرسانه‌ای ِ خطی ناهمگن   
hamugeš-e degarsâne-yi-ye xatti nâhamgen

Fr.: équation différentielle linéaire non homogène   

A → linear differential equation if Q(x)≠ 0 on interval I.

nonhomogeneous; → linear; → differential; → equation.

nonlinear
  ناخطی   
nâxatti (#)

Fr.: non-linéaire   

Not a linear function of the relevant variables.
Containing a variable with an exponent other than one; opposite of → linear.

non-; → linear.

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