An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

A set of astronomical tables drawn up by a group of astronomers in Toledo, Spain, mainly Zarqâli, and compiled after 1068. This work, which represents the first original development of Andalusian astronomy, was extremely influential in Europe for three centuries until the advent of the → Alfonsine Tables. The main sources for the bulk of the table collections were those of the Persian astronomer Khwârizmi (mainly planetary latitudes), Battâni (planetary equations), and Ptolemy. In fact the oldest version of the Toledan Tables was mainly modeled on Khwârizmi's Sindhind, but had admixture from Battâni. In addition, the oldest versions of the Toledan Tables preserve some tables of Khwârizmi that are rare or absent elsewhere. The Toledan Tables also incorporated the theory of → trepidation. The original Arabic version of the Toledan Tables has been lost, but two Latin versions have survived, one by Gerard of Cremona (12th century) and one by an unknown author.

Toledo, a city in central Spain, 70 km south of Madrid; → table.