An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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1) Imposing, containing, subject to, or depending on a condition or conditions; not absolute; made or allowed on certain terms.
2a) Logic: (of a proposition) Asserting that the existence or occurrence of one thing or event depends on the existence or occurrence of another thing or event.
2b) (of a → syllogism) Containing at least one → conditional proposition as a → premise (Dictionary.com).
2c) The "if ... then" relation.

→ condition; → -al.

A derivation rule that begins with an → assumption in a → subproof and allows for deriving a conditional outside the subproof. The derived conditional consists of the assumed proposition as the → antecedent and the derived conclusion in the subproof as the → consequent.

→ conditional; → introduction.

Of an event B in relationship to an event A, the probability that event B occurs given that event A has already occurred. The notation for conditional probability is P(B|A), read as the probability of B given A: P(B|A) = P(A ∩ B)/P(A). → Bayes' theorem.

→ conditional; → probability.

A → proof in which one assumes the → truth of one of the → premises to show that if that premise is true then the → argument is → valid.

→ conditional; → proof.

A compound → proposition in which one → clause asserts something as true provided that the other clause is true. A conditional statement consists of two parts, a hypothesis in the "if" clause and a conclusion in the "then"clause. For instance, "If it rains, then they cancel school." It rains is the hypothesis. "They cancel school" is the conclusion. The clause following if is traditionally called the → antecedent, whereas the clause following then is called the → consequent.

→ conditional; → proposition.

Not limited by conditions; absolute.

→ un-; → conditional.