An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

A sample that is not a true representative of a → statistical population to which generalizations are to be made. A sample which is not → randomly constituted.

→ biased; → sample.

A sample selected at random from a population.

→ random; → sample.

Statistics: A portion of the units of a population. The units are selected based on a randomized process with a known probability of selection. The sample is used to make inferences about the population by examining or measuring the units in the sample. → specimen = nemuné (نمونه).

M.E., from O.Fr. essample, from L. exemplum "a sample," literally "that which is taken out," from eximere "to take out, remove."

Nemunân, from nemun, from nemudan "to show;" Mid.Pers. nimūdan, nimây- "to show," from O.Pers./Av. ni- "down; into," → ni- (PIE), + māy- "to measure;" cf. Skt. mati "measures," matra- "measure;" Gk. metron "measure;" L. metrum; PIE base *me- "to measure."

Statistics: Each possible outcome in a → sample space.

→ sample; → point.

The number of sampling units which are to be included in the sample. In the case of a multi-stage sample this number refers to the number of units at the final stage in the sampling.

→ sample; → size.

Statistics: A set which consists of all possible outcomes of a random experiment.

→ sample; → space.

A sample in which every individual element in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

→ unbiased; → sample.