An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

Prefix meaning "across, beyond, through;" variant tra-; used with both space (point to point, shape to shape) and time (time to time, past to present, present to past) concepts.
See also:
→ tradition, → transauroral, → transcendental, → transdisciplinary, → transduce, → transfer, → transform, → transient, → transistor, → transit, → transition, → translate, → translucent, → translunar, → transmission, → transmit, → transmutate, → trans-Neptunian, → transonic, → transparent, → transponder, → transport, → transpose, → transversal, → transverse, → transuranium.

From L. trans-, from preposition trans "across, over, beyond," cognate with Pers. tarâ- as below; cf. O.E. þurh, E. through; O.S. thuru; M.Du. dore, Du. door; O.H.G. thuruh, Ger. durch; Goth. þairh "through;" O.Ir. tre, Welsh tra "through;" PIE base *ter- "to cross."

Tarâ-, from Mid.Pers. tar (preposition) "through, across, over, beyond; over time;" tarmenidan "to abuse, despise," tarmenišn "conceited, disdainful;" O.Pers. tara "over, beyond, across;" Av. tarô, tarə "over, across, beyond," from O.Pers./Av. tar- "to cross over," O.Pers. vi-tar- "to go across," Mid.Pers. vitartan "to pass," Mod.Pers. gozar, gozaštan "to pass, cross," Av. tara-δāta- "placed beyond," tarô-yāra- "outlasting the years" (over time), vī-tərəta- "taken away, isolated;" O.Pers. tara-draya- "overseas;" Sogdian tr- "to go;" cf. L. trans-, as above; Skt. tar- "to pass (through), overcome," tárati "crosses, passes," tirás "through, across, beyond." The first element in the Mod.Pers. tarâvoš "exuding, trickling, oozing" is probably this prefix, → permeability. Another case may be tarzafân, tarzabân "interpreter, translator," with zafân, zabân, → language.

A member of a class of objects in orbit around the Sun at a larger distance than the distance between Neptune and the Sun. This includes several → dwarf planets, such as → Eris, → Pluto, and many small solar system bodies.

→ trans-; → Neptune; → object.