An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

A graph on which the latitudes of → sunspots are plotted against time. It shows how sunspots migrate from high latitudes (30°- 40° north or south) to the solar equator (latitude of about 5°) during each → solar cycle, according to → Sporer's law. The shape of these distributions, when represented for both hemispheres, resembles the wings of a butterfly. The diagram was first created by Edward W. Maunder in 1904 to illustrate the solar cycle (M.S.: SDE).

Butterfly, from M.E. butterflye, from O.E. butorfleoge, from butor, butere "butter" floge "fly," but the etymology is not clear; → diagram.

Nemudâr, → diagram; parvânevâr "resembling a butterfly," from parvâné "butterfly" + -vâr similarity suffix.

A mechanical device of a CCD camera that controls the duration of a an exposure, as by opening and closing to allow the stellar light to expose the CCD detector.

Shutter, from to shut, from O.E. scyttan from W.Gmc. *skutjanan + → -er.

A disorderly heap or assemblage; a state or condition of confusion.

Variant of clotter (now obsolete), from to clot + -er.

Âluzé, from Kurd. âluz, Tabari âluz, âliz "messy, disorderly, untidy," Dehxodâ âlofté "astonished; mad; broken," âloftan "to rage, grow mad."

A pair of rolling lids that are used to open or close the dome slit.

→ dome; shutter from to shut, from O.E. scyttan from W.Gmc. *skutjanan + → -er.

Bastâr, from bast, past tense stem of bastan + -âr. Bastan, from Mid.Pers. bastan/vastan "to bind, shut," Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie," Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten," PIE *bhendh- "to bind," cf. Ger. binden, E. bind, → band. The suffix -âr creates creates agent nouns; → dome.

The ejection of atoms from interstellar dust grains due to impact by gas ions, which leads to grain destruction.

→ grain; sputtering, from sputter "to spit with explosive sounds," cognate with Du. sputteren.

Osparâni, verbal noun of osparândan, from os- "out of, outside," → ex- + parândan "to eject," transitive of paridan "to fly" (from Mid./Mod.Pers. par(r) "feather, wing," Av. parəna- "feather, wing;" cp. Skt. parna "feather," E. fern; PIE *porno- "feather").

A bright, confusing, and excessive grouping of light sources. Light clutter is a type of → light pollution. It is a general term relating to lights put up everywhere, without regard to what their purpose really is.

→ light; → clutter.

A sentence or expression which is not only describing a given reality, but actually does or accomplishes something. For example "I now declare you husband and wife" (when uttered by the authorized officiator during a marriage ceremony).

→ performative; → utterance.

1) A pair of rolling lids that are used to open or close the dome slit. Same as → dome shutter.
2) A mechanical device that controls the time during which light is admitted in an optical system.

Shutter, from shut (v.), from O.E. scyttan from W.Gmc. *skutjanan + → -er.

Bastâr, from bast, past tense stem of bastan + -âr. Bastan, from Mid.Pers. bastan/vastan "to bind, shut," Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie," Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten," PIE *bhendh- "to bind," cf. Ger. binden, E. bind, → band. The suffix -âr creates agent nouns (as in xaridâr, virâstâr, foruxtâr, nemudâr, etc.).

To emit particles, sparks, etc., forcibly or explosively, especially accompanied by sputtering sounds.

Originally "to spit with explosive sounds," cognate with Du. sputteren, W.Fris. sputterje.

Osparândan, literally "to throw out," from os- "out," → ex-, + parândan "to eject," transitive verb of paridan "to fly" (from Mid./Mod.Pers. par(r) "feather, wing," Av. parəna- "feather, wing;" cp. Skt. parna "feather," E. fern; PIE *porno- "feather").

The ejection of charged particles or atoms by a solid or liquid surface which undergoes collision with high-energy ions.

Verbal noun of → sputter.

1) To give audible expression to; speak or pronounce.
2) Phonetics: To produce (speech sounds, speech-like sounds, syllables, words, etc.) audibly, with or without reference to formal language (Dictionary).

M.E. outren from M.Du. uteren or M.L.G. utern "to turn out, show, speak," from uter "outer," comparative adj. from ut, → out.

Vâpidan, from Proto-Ir. *uab-/*uaf- "to utter (sing, speak), to call;" cf. Av. uf- "to sing;" Sogd. w'β, w'b "to say, speak;" Baluci gwâpt/gwâp- "to summon, call together;" Mod.Pers. gap, gab "word, chit-chat," zand-bâf "nightingale," buf "owl."

1) An act of uttering; a spoken word, statement, or vocal sound.
2) Something uttered; a word or words uttered; a cry, animal's call, or the like.
3) Linguistics: Any speech sequence consisting of one or more words and preceded and followed by silence: it may be coextensive with a sentence (Dictionary.com).

→ utter; → -ance.