An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

A technique in spectroscopy for recording a spectrum from each point of an extended object. The field of view image is divided into a multitude of small components using different methods, e.g. lenslet arrays, fiber bundles, or image slicers. From each component a spectrum is extracted or an image is reconstructed at a particular wavelength.

→ integral; → field; → spectroscopy.

A function whose image is a subset of the integers, i.e. that takes only integer values.

→ integral; → function.

Math.: An operator whose inverse is a differential operator.

→ integral; → operator.

The function which is being integrated in a given integral.

From L. integrandum, noun use of neuter of integrandus, gerundive of integrare, → integrate.

Dorostâlân, pr.p. of dorostâlidan, → integrate.

1) To carry out the mathematical operation of → integration.
2) To add up photons when exposing a detector to incoming light through the telescope.

From L. integratus p.p. of integrare "to renew, restore," → integer + -ate a verb forming suffix.

Dorostâlidan, infinitive of dorostâl, → integral; dorostâl gereftan "to take (an) integral;" gereftan "to take, seize" (Mid.Pers. griftan, Av./O.Pers. grab- "to take, seize," cf. Skt. grah-, grabh- "to seize, take," graha "seizing, holding, perceiving," M.L.G. grabben "to grab," from P.Gmc. *grab, E. grab "to take or grasp suddenly;" PIE base *ghrebh- "to seize").

A circuit whose components are found on a single semiconductor substrate.

Integrated, p.p. of → integrate; → circuit.

The branch of electronics that deals with integrated circuits, especially the interdependence of material, circuits, and design.

Integrated, p.p. of → integrate; → electronics.

The magnitude an extended object (nebula, galaxy,etc.) would have if all of its light were concentrated into a point source

Integrated, p.p. of → integrate; → magnitude.

A function that converts a → differential equation, which is not exact, into an → exact differential equation. This is done by multiplying all terms of the original equation by the integrating factor.

→ integrate; → factor.

In calculus the operation which consists of finding the areas enclosed by curves through the summations of infinitesimals. The inverse process of differentiation.

Verbal noun of → integrate.

The time during which a detector integrates the incoming photons.

→ integration; → time.

1) The → power or faculty of the → mind by which one knows or → understands, as distinguished from that by which one feels and that by which one wills; the understanding; the faculty of thinking and acquiring → knowledge.
2) Capacity for thinking and acquiring knowledge, especially of a high or complex order; mental capacity.
3) A particular mind or → intelligence, especially of a high order.
4) A person possessing a great capacity for → thought and knowledge.
5) Minds collectively, as of a number of persons or the persons themselves (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. intellecte "intellectual capacity," from L. intellectus "discernment, understanding," from intelligere "to understand, discern," from → inter- "between" + legere "to choose, pick out, read."

From hôš, huš "intellect, understanding; mind;" Mid.Pers. hôš; Av. uši- "intelligence, understanding; mind," uši.darθra- "holding in mind;" + suffix -an.

1a) Appealing to or engaging the → intellect.
1b) Of or pertaining to the intellect or its use.
1c) Possessing or showing intellect or mental capacity, especially to a high degree: an intellectual person.
1d) Guided or developed by or relying on the intellect rather than upon emotions or feelings; rational.
1e) Characterized by or suggesting a predominance of intellect.
1f) (n.) A person of superior intellect.
1g) A person who places a high value on or pursues things of interest to the intellect or the more complex forms and fields of knowledge, as aesthetic or philosophical matters, especially on an abstract and general level.
1h) An extremely rational person; a person who relies on intellect rather than on emotions or feelings.
2) A person professionally engaged in mental labor, as a writer or teacher (Dictionary.com).

From L. intellectualis, → intellect + → -al.

Hošanvâr with suffix -vâr denoting suiting, befitting, resembling, in the manner of, possession (as in omidvâr, ayâlvâr, râhvâr).

A property of the mind that encompasses many related abilities, such as capacity for learning, reasoning, understanding, and similar forms of mental activity.
Machines: The ability of a device, program, or system to solve problems more automatically or more skillfully than competitive systems.

From O.Fr. intelligence, from L. intelligentia "understanding," from intelligentem (nom. intelligens) "discerning," pr.p. of intelligere "to understand, comprehend," from → inter- "between" + legere "choose, pick out, read;" PIE base *leg- "to pick together, gather, collect;" cf. Gk. legein "to say, tell, speak, declare," originally, in Homer "to pick out, select, collect, enumerate;" lexis "speech, diction;" logos "word, speech, thought."

Huš, from Mid.Pers. hôš "intellect, understanding; mind," from Av. uši- "intelligence, understanding; mind," uši.darθra- "holding in mind."

1) Possessing intelligence; having the faculty of → understanding and → reasoning.
2) Computer science: Having → memory and → processor to modify action in response to ongoing events.

Back formation from → intelligence.

Existing or occurring in a high or extreme degree. See also → tense.

From M.Fr. intense, from L. intensus "stretched, strained, tight," originally p.p. of intendere "to stretch out, strain," from in- "toward" + tendere "to stretch;" from PIE base *ten- "to stretch;" cf. Pers. tanidan "to spin, twist, weave," as below.

âtanu, from â- affirmative prefix + tanu "stretched, strained," from tan + -u suffix of excess. The middle element tan, from tanidan "to spin, twist, weave" (Mid.Pers. tanitan; Av. tan- to stretch, extend;" cf. Skt. tan- to spin, stretch;" tanoti "stretches," tantram "loom;" Gk. teinein "to stretch, pull tight;" L. tendere "to stretch;" PIE base *ten- "to stretch"), Pers. târ "string," tân "thread," tur "fishing net, net, snare," and tâl "thread" (Borujerdi dialect) belong to this family; variants tanta "cobweb," tanadu, tafen, kartané, kârtané, kâtené, Pashtu tanistah "cobweb;" cf. Skt. tantu- "cobweb, thread, string").

The action of making or becoming stronger or more extreme.

verbal noun of → intensify.

1) Something that intensifies.
2) Substance used to increase the density or contrast of an image on a photographic film or plate.

Agent noun of → intensify.

To make intense or more intense.
To increase the density and contrast of a photographic image by chemical treatment.

From → intense + -ify variant of -fy after a consonant, from O.Fr. fier, from L. -ficare "to do, make."

General: The quality or condition of being intense.
Physics: Strength, as of energy or a force per unit of area, solid angle, time, etc.; e.g. → electric intensity; → magnetic intensity.

From → intense + → -ity.

Dartanuyi state, condition noun of dartanu, → intense.