An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics

Away from, or not in, the normal or usual place, position, state, etc.

Etymology (EN): O.E. ut; (cf. O.N., O.Fris., Goth. ut, Du. uit, Ger. aus;
PIE base *ud- “up, up away” (cf. Pers. os-, as below; Gk. hysteros “the latter;” L. usque “all the way to, without interruption;” O.Ir. ud- “out;” Rus. vy- “out”).

Etymology (PE): Borun, variant birun “out, the outside,” from Mid.Pers. bêron, from bê “outside, out, away,” variant bêg, as in bêgânag (cf. Sogh. bêk “out, outside, apart, except,” bêk-dênê “heretic,” literally “out of religion”)

• rôn “side, direction;” Av. ravan- “(course of a) river”).
  Os-, from Mid.Pers. us-, uz-; Av. uz-, us-
  “out of, outside, from;” O.Pers. ud- (ud-apatatā “to rise up, rebel”), also Pers. preposition az “from; of; out of,” prefixes zo- (in zodudan “to polish, clean;” Mid.Pers. uzdâtan; Av. uzdā-, from uz- + dā- “to make, create”), âz- (âzmâyeš, → experiment), haz- (haziné “cost, expenditure;” Mid.Pers. uzên, uzênak, from *uz-ayana- “going out;” Av. us- + ay- “to go” (→ assembly); PIE *ud- “up, out,” cf. Skt. úd “up, away, out;” E. out, as above.

The condition of two oscillators that have the same frequency but different phases.
Opposed to → in phase.

See also: → out; → phase.

A group to which the speaker, the person spoken of, etc. does not belong.

Etymology (EN): → out; → group.

Etymology (PE): Nâxodi, opposite of xodi “in-group,” from nâ- “not,” → un-, + xodi, → in-group.

1. A fairly brief period of unusually strong gas and/or dust production from a comet nucleus.
   

2. A brief period of enhancement of emission from a star, a quasar, etc.

See also: → out; → burst.

A phase in the → light curve evolution of eruptive objects such as → dwarf novae, → Soft X-ray Transients, and transient → magnetars which follows the characterized sudden increase in their flux (over a factor ~ 1000 over the quiescent level). Outburst decay is slow and lasts months or years.

See also: → outburst; → decay.

A final product or end result; consequence; issue (Dictionary.com).

Etymology (EN): → out; → come.

Etymology (PE): Borunšod “outcome,” from borun, → out,

• šod, šodan “to go, to pass, to change,” → become.

Emergence of a particular rock-body, e.g. a stratium or vein, at the ground surface. Outcrops can be formed naturally or by human action. Stream erosion and highway construction can produce outcrops.

Etymology (EN): Noun use of crop out, from crop, from M.E., O.E. cropp “bird’s craw,” also “head or top of a sprout or herb;” → out.

Etymology (PE): Borunzad, literally “strike out,” from borun, birun,
→ out, + zad, zadan “to strike, beat,” from Mid.Pers. zatan, žatan; O.Pers./Av. jan-, gan- “to strike, hit, smite, kill” (jantar- “smiter”); cf.
Skt. han- “to strike, beat” (hantar- “smiter, killer”);
Gk. theinein “to strike;” L. fendere “to strike, push;” Gmc. *gundjo “war, battle;” PIE *g^when- “to strike, kill.”

Being or located on or toward the outside; external.

Etymology (EN): → out + -er suffix of comparative degree of adjectives.

Etymology (PE): → external.

The upper zone of the → Earth’s core, just below the → mantle, extending from a depth of about 2900 km to 5100 km. It is presumed to be → liquid because it sharply reduces → compressional wave velocities and does not transmit → shear waves. Its density is from 9 to 11 g/cm³. The → temperature ranges from 4400 °C in the outer areas to 6100 °C near the → inner core. Since shear waves do not propagate through a fluid, the Earth’s outer core is considered to be liquid because the shear wave velocity is zero.
Convection motion within the outer core, along with the rotation of the Earth creates an effect that maintains the Earth’s → magnetic field.

See also: → outer; → core.

A → Lindblad resonance expressed by: Ω_p = Ω + κ/m.

See also: → outer; → Lindblad resonance.

A planet that revolves around the Sun beyond the → asteroid belt, namely → Jupiter, → Saturn, → Uranus, and → Neptune.

See also: → out; → planet.

The space beyond the Earth’s atmosphere.

See also: → outer; → space.

The act of flowing out; a fluid that flows out; any outward movement. Opposite of → inflow.

See also: → out + → flow.

1. General: The slow release of a gas that was trapped, frozen, absorbed or adsorbed in some material.
   

2. Planets: Release of the gases locked in the interior of a planet during volcanic activity so that they become part of the planet’s atmosphere.

See also: → out + verbal noun from → gas.

1. Power which is given out by any plant or part of such plant, in the form and for the purpose required.
   

2. Computers: The information produced by a program or process from a specific → input.

Etymology (EN): From → out + put, from M.E. put(t)en “to push, thrust, put;” O.E. *putian.

Etymology (PE): borundâd, from borun, birun, → out,

• dâd “given,” p.p. of dâdan “to give” (Mid.Pers. dâdan “to give,” O.Pers./Av. dā- “to give, grant, yield,” akin to L. data, → datum).

The act of extending research activities beyond its current or conventional limits to a wide section of the population for educational purposes.

Etymology (EN): → out; reach, M.E. rechen, O.E. ræcan “to extend, hold forth;” cf. O.Fris. reka, M.Du. reiken; cognate with Pers. râst, → right.

Etymology (PE): Borun-rasâni, from borun, → out, + rasâni verbal noun of rasândan “to carry, guide, send,” transitive of rasidan “to reach, arrive,” → access.
Hame-âmuzi, literally “teaching every body,” from hamé, → all; âmuzi, from âmuxtan “to teach; learn,” → teach.

To obtain under contract with an outside supplier.

See also: → out; → source.

The transferring of certain business functions from internal staff to outside contractors.

See also: Verbal noun from → outsource.