An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics

1a) Any building, structure, or thing reduced to a state of ruin.

1b) A vessel in a state of ruin from disaster at sea, on rocks, etc.

1c) The ruin or destruction of anything.

2. To cause the wreck of (Dictionary.com).

Etymology (EN): M.E. wrek, from Anglo-Norman wrek, from a Scandinavian source (Norwegian and Icelandic rek, Swedish vrak), from Proto-Germanic *wrekanan; cognate with E. wreak and wrack.

Etymology (PE): Kalin “wreck” has several variants in Iranian/Persian languages/dialects: (Lori) kalli, (Laki) kall “broken, damaged, wrecked;” (Malâyeri) kall “broken, damaged,” as in kuze-ye kall “damaged gugglet;” (Sâve-yi) kolul “damaged gugglet;” (Fin-e Bandar Abbas) cul “ruin;” (Xârestâni) kaleng “ruin, desolation;” (Dari-ye Yazd) xelak “ruin, wreck;” (Ossetic) xalyn, ixalun “to ruin, spoil.”

1a) Any building, structure, or thing reduced to a state of ruin.

1b) A vessel in a state of ruin from disaster at sea, on rocks, etc.

1c) The ruin or destruction of anything.

2. To cause the wreck of (Dictionary.com).

Etymology (EN): M.E. wrek, from Anglo-Norman wrek, from a Scandinavian source (Norwegian and Icelandic rek, Swedish vrak), from Proto-Germanic *wrekanan; cognate with E. wreak and wrack.

Etymology (PE): Kalin “wreck” has several variants in Iranian/Persian languages/dialects: (Lori) kalli, (Laki) kall “broken, damaged, wrecked;” (Malâyeri) kall “broken, damaged,” as in kuze-ye kall “damaged gugglet;” (Sâve-yi) kolul “damaged gugglet;” (Fin-e Bandar Abbas) cul “ruin;” (Xârestâni) kaleng “ruin, desolation;” (Dari-ye Yazd) xelak “ruin, wreck;” (Ossetic) xalyn, ixalun “to ruin, spoil.”

1. Act of wrecking; state of being wrecked.
   

   2. Remains or fragments of something that has been wrecked.

See also: → wreck + suffix -age forming mass and abstract nouns.

1. Act of wrecking; state of being wrecked.
   

   2. Remains or fragments of something that has been wrecked.

See also: → wreck + suffix -age forming mass and abstract nouns.

1. One that searches for or works on the wrecks of ships (as for rescue or for plunder).
   

   2. One that wrecks (Merriam-Webster.com).

See also: → wreck; → -er.

1. One that searches for or works on the wrecks of ships (as for rescue or for plunder).
   

   2. One that wrecks (Merriam-Webster.com).

See also: → wreck; → -er.

A low, sinuous tectonic ridge on a planetary surface that resembles a wrinkle in skin or cloth. These features were first detected on the Moon, but they have also been identified on other planetary bodies such as Mars, Mercury, and Venus.

Etymology (EN): M.E., back formation from wrinkled, from O.E. gewrinclod “wrinkled, crooked,” p.p. of gewrinclian “to wind, crease,” from perfective prefix ge- + -wrinclian “to wind;” → ridge

Etymology (PE): Ruk, → ridge; corukdâr, from coruk “wrinkle” + dâr “having, possessor” (from dâštan “to have, to possess,” Mid.Pers. dâštan, O.Pers./Av. root dar- “to hold, keep back, maitain, keep in mind;” cf.
Skt. dhr-, dharma- “law;” Gk. thronos “elevated seat, throne;” L. firmus “firm, stable;” Lith. daryti “to make;” PIE *dher- “to hold, support”).

A low, sinuous tectonic ridge on a planetary surface that resembles a wrinkle in skin or cloth. These features were first detected on the Moon, but they have also been identified on other planetary bodies such as Mars, Mercury, and Venus.

Etymology (EN): M.E., back formation from wrinkled, from O.E. gewrinclod “wrinkled, crooked,” p.p. of gewrinclian “to wind, crease,” from perfective prefix ge- + -wrinclian “to wind;” → ridge

Etymology (PE): Ruk, → ridge; corukdâr, from coruk “wrinkle” + dâr “having, possessor” (from dâštan “to have, to possess,” Mid.Pers. dâštan, O.Pers./Av. root dar- “to hold, keep back, maitain, keep in mind;” cf.
Skt. dhr-, dharma- “law;” Gk. thronos “elevated seat, throne;” L. firmus “firm, stable;” Lith. daryti “to make;” PIE *dher- “to hold, support”).

1. The carpus or lower part of the forearm where it joins the hand.
   

   2. The joint or articulation between the forearm and the hand (Dictionary.com).

Etymology (EN): M.E., O.E.; cognate with Ger. Rist “back of hand,” O.Norse rist “instep;” akin to writhe.

Etymology (PE): Moc “wrist,” related to mošt “fist;” Mid.Pers. mušt, must “fist;” Av. mušti- “fist;” cf. Skt. musti-, Pali mutthi-, L. manus (?).

1. The carpus or lower part of the forearm where it joins the hand.
   

   2. The joint or articulation between the forearm and the hand (Dictionary.com).

Etymology (EN): M.E., O.E.; cognate with Ger. Rist “back of hand,” O.Norse rist “instep;” akin to writhe.

Etymology (PE): Moc “wrist,” related to mošt “fist;” Mid.Pers. mušt, must “fist;” Av. mušti- “fist;” cf. Skt. musti-, Pali mutthi-, L. manus (?).

To trace or form (letters, words, or other symbols) on a surface, typically paper, with a pen, pencil, or other similar instrument.

Etymology (EN): M.E. writen, O.E. writan “to score, outline, draw,” later “to set down in writing;” cf. O.Frisian writa “to write,” O.Saxon writan “to tear, scratch, write,” O.Norse rita “write, scratch,” O.H.G. rizan “to write, scratch, tear,” Ger. reissen “to tear, pull, sketch, draw.”

Etymology (PE): Neveštan, nevis- “to write,” variants Kurd. (Sor.) nus, nusen, Lori nisane “to write,” Kurd. (Kurm.) âvîtin, âvêntin, (Sor.) havîštin, hâvîtin “to compose (a song), to change (color);” Mid.Pers. (+ → ni-) nibištan, nebês- “to write,” pēsīdan “to adorn;” O.Pers. pais- “to cut, adorn, engrave;” Av. paēs- “to paint, adorn,” paēsa- “adornment;” cf. Skt. piśáti “adorns; cuts;” Gk. poikilos “multicolored;” L. pingit “embroiders, paints;” O.C.S. pisati “to write;” O.H.G. fēh “multicolored;” Lith. piēšti “to draw, adorn;” PIE base *peik- “colored, speckled.”

To trace or form (letters, words, or other symbols) on a surface, typically paper, with a pen, pencil, or other similar instrument.

Etymology (EN): M.E. writen, O.E. writan “to score, outline, draw,” later “to set down in writing;” cf. O.Frisian writa “to write,” O.Saxon writan “to tear, scratch, write,” O.Norse rita “write, scratch,” O.H.G. rizan “to write, scratch, tear,” Ger. reissen “to tear, pull, sketch, draw.”

Etymology (PE): Neveštan, nevis- “to write,” variants Kurd. (Sor.) nus, nusen, Lori nisane “to write,” Kurd. (Kurm.) âvîtin, âvêntin, (Sor.) havîštin, hâvîtin “to compose (a song), to change (color);” Mid.Pers. (+ → ni-) nibištan, nebês- “to write,” pēsīdan “to adorn;” O.Pers. pais- “to cut, adorn, engrave;” Av. paēs- “to paint, adorn,” paēsa- “adornment;” cf. Skt. piśáti “adorns; cuts;” Gk. poikilos “multicolored;” L. pingit “embroiders, paints;” O.C.S. pisati “to write;” O.H.G. fēh “multicolored;” Lith. piēšti “to draw, adorn;” PIE base *peik- “colored, speckled.”

1. Not in accordance with what is morally right or good: a wrong deed.
   

2. Deviating from truth or fact; erroneous: a wrong answer.
   

3. Not correct in action, judgment, opinion, method, etc., as a person; in error (Dictionary.com).
   See also: → false, → invalid.

Etymology (EN): M.E. wrong, wrang, O.E. wrang “twisted, crooked,” from O.N. rangr “crooked, wry, wrong;” cf. Dan. vrang “crooked, wrong,” Du. wrang “sour, bitter.”

Etymology (PE): Nâdorost, from nâ- “not,” → a-, + dorost, → right.

1. Not in accordance with what is morally right or good: a wrong deed.
   

2. Deviating from truth or fact; erroneous: a wrong answer.
   

3. Not correct in action, judgment, opinion, method, etc., as a person; in error (Dictionary.com).
   See also: → false, → invalid.

Etymology (EN): M.E. wrong, wrang, O.E. wrang “twisted, crooked,” from O.N. rangr “crooked, wry, wrong;” cf. Dan. vrang “crooked, wrong,” Du. wrang “sour, bitter.”

Etymology (PE): Nâdorost, from nâ- “not,” → a-, + dorost, → right.

The → determinant of order n associated with a set of n functions, in which the first row consists of the functions, the second row consists of the first → derivatives of the functions, the third row consists of their second derivatives, and so on. For example, If y₁ and y₂ are functions of x, the determinant W(y₁,y₂) = y₁ . y₂^’ - y₁^’ . y₂ is called the Wronskian of the given function.

See also: Named after the Polish mathematician Józef Hoene-Wroński (1776-1853).

The → determinant of order n associated with a set of n functions, in which the first row consists of the functions, the second row consists of the first → derivatives of the functions, the third row consists of their second derivatives, and so on. For example, If y₁ and y₂ are functions of x, the determinant W(y₁,y₂) = y₁ . y₂^’ - y₁^’ . y₂ is called the Wronskian of the given function.

See also: Named after the Polish mathematician Józef Hoene-Wroński (1776-1853).