An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics

The only liquid non-metallic chemical element; symbol Br. → Atomic number 35; → atomic weight 79.904; → melting point -7.2°C; → boiling point 58.78°C; → specific gravity of liquid 3.12 at 20°C; → valence -1, +1, +3, +5, or +7.

A member of the halogen group of elements. Volatilizes readily at room temperature to a red vapor with strong disagreeable odor and very irritating effect on the eyes and throat. Occurs in combination with various metals, as potassium, sodium and magnesium bromides, which are found in mineral waters, in river and sea-water, and occasionally in marine plants and animals. Its compounds are widely used in photography and medicine. Discovered by Antoine-Jerome Balard (1802-1876) in 1826. Its two stable → isotopes are ⁷⁹Br (50.69%) and ⁸¹Br (49.31%).

Etymology (EN): From Fr. brome, from Gk. bromos for “stench, bad odor,” coined by its discoverer.

Etymology (PE): Brom, loan from Fr., as above.