An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 4 Search : pupil
entrance pupil
  مردمک ِ در‌آیش   
mardomak-e darâyeš

Fr.: pupille d'entrée   

In an → optical system, the image of the → aperture stop formed in → object space. See also → exit pupil.

entrance; → pupil.

exit pupil
  مردمک ِ اسرفت   
mardomak-e osraft

Fr.: pupille de sortie   

In an → optical system, the → image of the → aperture stop formed by the elements following it. See also → entrance pupil.

exit; → pupil.

pupil
  مردمک   
mardomak (#)

Fr.: pupille   

1) In the → eye, the apparently black opening in the center of the → iris that permits light to pass and be focused on the → retina.
2) In a → lens, the → image of the → aperture stop as seen from → object and → image space. Same as → entrance pupil.

From M.E. pupille, from O.Fr. pupille, from L. pupilla, originally "little girl-doll," diminutive of pupa "girl, doll" (Fr. poupée), so called from the tiny image one sees of himself reflected in the eye of another.

Mardomak "little man," the allusion being to the tiny image of himself reflected in the eye of another, from mardom "man, human being, mankind, people;" → people, + diminutive suffix -ak.

pupil masking
  ماسک‌زد ِ مردمک   
mâskzad-e mardomak

Fr.: masquage de pupille   

A method for reaching the → diffraction-limited  → angular resolution of a monolithic telescope by using an → interferometric technique. A mask with several small openings is placed in the telescope pupil plane or in a conjugated plane so as to only pass light from selected regions, thus transforming the telescope into an array of small subapertures without redundancy. When the light from each of these separate subapertures is combined, → interference fringes are formed which encode information on the spatial structure of the source (Haniff et al. 1987, Nature 328, 694). Coupled with a novel technique which filters the → atmospheric turbulence through fibers, pupil masking allows reaching a high dynamic range (Perrin et al. 2006, MNRAS 373, 747), which is necessary for detecting very faint objects, such as → exoplanets, adjacent to bright stars.

pupil; → masking.