An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 1381
sensitive
  حسّ‌مند   
hessmand

Fr.: sensitif   

Endowed with sensation; having perception through the senses. Responding to a stimulus.

From M.Fr. sensitif, from M.L. sensitivus "capable of sensation," from L. sensus, p.p. of sentire "feel perceive," → sense.

hessmand, from hess, → sense + -mand possession suffix.

sensitivity
  حسّ‌مندی   
hessmandi

Fr.: sensibilité   

1) The required brightness for an object in order to be detected by an observing instrument. A highly sensitive telescope can detect dim objects, while a telescope with low sensitivity can detect only bright ones.
2) Of a radio receiver or similar device, the minimum input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio.

State noun from → sensitive.

sensor
  حسّگر   
hessgar

Fr.: senseur   

A device that receives and responds to a signal or stimulus (light, temperature, radiation level, or the like) by transmitting to a control equipment with the required degree of accuracy. → wavefront sensor.

sense; → -or.

sentence
  سهان   
sahân

Fr.: 1) phrase; 2) sentence   

1) Grammar: A grammatical unit of one or more words that expresses an independent statement, question, request, command, exclamation, etc., and that typically has a subject as well as a predicate, as in John is here. or Is John here? (Dictionary.com).
2) Law: An authoritative decision; a judicial judgment or decree, especially the judicial determination of the punishment to be inflicted on a convicted criminal: Knowledgeable sources say that the judge will announce the sentence early next week (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. sentence "judgment, decision; statement of authority," from L. sententia "thought, opinion; judgment," also "a thought expressed," from sentientem, p.p. of sentire "be of opinion, feel, perceive."

Sahân, related to soxan, → speech and pâsox, → response; Mid.Pers saxwan "speech, word;" O.Pers. θanh- "to declare, say;" Av. səngh- (sanh-) "to declare;" Proto-Ir. *sanh- "to declare, explain;" cf. Skt. śams- "to praise, recite;" L. censere "to estimate, think; decide;" PIE *kens- "to announce, proclaim" (Cheung 2007).

sentential
  سهانی   
sahâni

Fr.: phrastique   

Pertaining to or of the nature of a → sentence.

From L. sententi(a), → sentence, + → -al.

sentential logic
  گوییک ِ سهانی   
guyik-e sahâni

Fr.: logique des propositions, ~ phrastique   

Same as → propositional logic.

sentential; → logic.

separate
  ۱) جدا؛ ۲) جدا کردن، جداییدن   
1) jodâ (#); 2) jodâ kardan, jodidan

Fr.: 1) séparé; 2) séparer   

1) Detached, disconnected, disjoined.
2) To set apart; disconnect; dissociate.

separation.

separation
  جدایی   
jodâyi (#)

Fr.: séparation   

General: The act or process of separating. The place at which a division or parting occurs.
Astro.: The angular distance between the two components of a visual binary or optical double star.

M.E., from O.Fr. separation, from L. separationem, from separare "to pull apart," from se- "apart" + parare "make ready, prepare."

Jodâyi state noun of jodâ "separate," from Mid.Pers. yut "separate, different;" Av. yuta- "separate, apart."

separation energy
  کاروژ ِ جدایی   
kâruž-e jodâyi

Fr.: énergie de séparation   

The energy required to remove a particle (a proton or a neutron) from a particular atomic nucleus.

separation; → energy.

separator
  جداگر   
jodâgar

Fr.: séparateur   

A person or thing that separates. → decimal point.

separate; → -or.

separatrix
  جداگر   
jodâgar

Fr.: séparatrice   

1) General: Something that divides or separates. Plural: separatrices.
2) Math.: Any mark that separates digits in groups, such as the decimal point placed at the left of a decimal fraction, to separate it from the whole number which it follows.
3) Physics: A bundle of magnetic field lines which creates separate plasma regions.

From L. separatrix "she that separates," → separation; -trix a suffix.

Jodâgar, from jodâ "separate," → separation, + -gar, → -or.

sequence
  پی‌آیه، رشته   
peyâyé, rešté

Fr.: 1) suite, séquence; 2) suite   

1) General: The following of one thing after another; succession; something that follows; connected line of events, ideas, etc.
2) Math.: A set of quantities that are ordered in some way, such as a1, a2, a3, .... A sequence is said to be known if a formula can be given for any particular term using the preceding terms or using its position in the sequence. Special types of sequences are commonly called → progressions. The terms of a sequence, when written as an indicated sum, form a → series.

M.E., from O.Fr. sequence "answering verses," from M.L. sequentia "a following, a succession," from L. sequentem (nominative sequens), pr.p. of sequi "to follow;" PIE base *sekw- "to follow;" cf. Pers. az from; Mid.Pers. hac "from;" Av. hac-, hax- "to follow," hacaiti "follows" (O.Pers. hacā "from;" Av. hacā "from, out of;" Skt. sácā "with"); Skt. sácate "accompanies, follows;" Gk. hepesthai "to follow;" Lith. seku "to follow."

Peyâyé, literally "that follows; a subsequent event," from pey "after; step," related to "foot" (Mid.Pers. pâd, pây, Av. pad-, Skt. pat, Gk. pos, gen. podos, L. pes, gen. pedis, P.Gmc. *fot, E. foot, Ger. Fuss, Fr. pied; PIE *pod-/*ped-) + ây- present stem of âmadan "to come, arrive, become" (Av. ay- "to go, to come," aēiti "goes;" O.Pers. aitiy "goes;" Skt. e- "to come near," eti "arrival;" L. ire "to go;" Goth. iddja "went," Lith. eiti "to go;" Rus. idti "to go") + nuance suffix.
Rešté "thread, line, rope, row," p.p. of reštan, risidan "to spin;" Mid.Pers. rištag "rope, string, thread;" Av. uruuaēs- "to turn around," uruuaēsa- "vortex in water;" cf. Skt. vréśī- "an appellation of waters;" Gk. rhiknos "crooked;" Lith. rišti "tie, bind;" O.H.G. rīho "knee-bend."

sequential
  پی‌آیه‌ای   
peyâye-yi

Fr.: séquentiel   

Following in order of time or place.

Adj. from → sequence.

sequential star formation
  دیسش ِ پی‌آیه‌ای ِ ستاره   
diseš-e peyâye-yi-e setâré

Fr.: formation séquentielle d'étoiles   

The formation of second-generation stars in a → molecular cloud, as triggered by the presence of → massive stars. The observation that some nearby → OB associations contain distinct, spatially separate subgroups of → OB stars in a sequence of monotonically changing age led Blaauw (1964, ARA&A 2, 213) to suggest that star formation in fact occurs in sequential bursts during the lifetimes of the corresponding molecular clouds. The first quantitative model of this mechanism was presented by Elmegreen and Lada (1977, ApJ 214, 725), who showed that the powerful ultraviolet photons of the massive star create an → ionization front which advances in the molecular cloud and is preceded by a → shock front. The compressed neutral gas lying between the ionization and shock fronts is gravitationally unstable and collapses in time-scales of a few million years to form a new generation of massive stars. The propagation of successive births of OB groups would produce a chain of associations presenting a gradient of age. Elmegreen and Lada estimated the propagation velocity to be 5 km s-1. For a region with a length larger than 100 pc, this would imply an age difference of the order of 20 million years between the extremities. See also → stimulated star formation, → triggered star formation; → collect and collapse model.

sequential; → star formation.

serial
  ریسوار   
risvâr

Fr.: 1) feuilleton, périodique; 2) en série, de série   

1) Anything published, broadcast, etc., in short installments at regular intervals, as a novel appearing in successive issues of a magazine.
2) Pertaining to, arranged in, or consisting of a series (Dictionary.com).

series; → -al.

series
  سری، ریسه   
seri (#), rise (#)

Fr.: série   

1) Math.: A sequence of numbers or mathematical expressions such as the n-th term may be written down in general form, and any particular term (say, the r-th) may be obtained by substituting r for n; e.g. xn is the general term of the series 1, x, x2, x3, ..., xn.
2) Electricity: An arrangement of the components, as resistors, connected along a single path, so the same current flows through all of the components. Compare → parallel.
3) → spectral series; → Lyman-alpha series.

From L. series "row, chain, series," from serere "to join, link, bind together," from PIE base *ser- "to line up, join."

Seri, loan from Fr., as above.
Rise "string, thread, series," variant of rešte, → sequence.

serious
  پدل   
padel

Fr.: sérieux   

1) Of or relating to a matter of importance.
2) Having important or dangerous possible consequences.

From M.E., from O.Fr. serios "grave, earnest" and directly from Late L. seriosus, from L. serius "weighty, important, grave," probably from a PIE root *swer- "slow, heavy;" cf. Lith. sveriu, sverti "to weigh, lift," svarus "heavy, weighty;" O.E. swaer "heavy," Ger. schwer "heavy," Gothic swers "honored, esteemed," literally "weighty").

Padel, from Balôci padel "serious," of unknown origin.

Serpens
  مار   
Mâr (#)

Fr.: Serpent   

The Serpent. An inconspicuous, irregular constellation situated on both sides of → Ophiuchus. The constellation is divided into two unequal parts, originally called Serpens Caput "Serpent's Head" at 15h 30m right ascension, 15° north declination, and Serpens Cauda "Serpent's Body" at 18h 30m right ascension, 0° declination. The brightest star, Alpha Serpentis, is of second magnitude. Abbreviation: Ser; Genitive: Serpentis.

From L. serpens "snake," from pr.p. of serpere "to creep," from PIE *serp- "to crawl;" cf. Skt. sarp- "to creep, crawl," sárpati "creeps," sarpá- "serpent;" Gk. herpein "to creep," herpeton "serpent;" Alb. garper "serpent."

Mâr "snake, serpent;" Mid.Pers. mâr "snake;" Av. mairya- "snake, serpent."

Sersic profile
  فراپال ِ سرسیک   
farâpâl-e Sérsic

Fr.: profile de Sérsic   

A mathematical function that describes how the → intensity  I of a → galaxy varies with distance R from its center. It is given by: (dln I/dln R) = -(b/n)(R/Re)1/n. The constant b is chosen such that Re is the → effective radius; n is the Sérsic index. The Sérsic profile is a generalization of → de Vaucouleurs law. Setting n = 4 gives the de Vaucouleurs profile.

J. L. Sérsic, 1963, Boletin de la Asociacion Argentina de Astronomia, Vol. 6, p.41; → profile.

serve
  زاوریدن   
zâvaridan

Fr.: servir   

To render assistance; be of use. To have definite use.

Verbal form of service, → server.

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