An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 1381
Sinope
  سینوپه   
Sinopé (#)

Fr.: Sinopé   

The outermost of Jupiter's known confirmed satellites, also known as Jupiter IX, discovered by Seth B. Nicholson (1891-1963) in 1914. With a visual magnitude of 18.3, it has a diameter of 28 km and orbits Jupiter at a mean distance of 23,848,000 km every 753 days.

In Gk. mythology a Naias Nymphe who was abducted by Zeus to a Black Sea coast where the city of Sinope was named for her. According to most sources, she tricked Zeus into swearing an oath promising her her virginity.

sinusoidal
  سینوسی   
sinusi (#)

Fr.: sinusoïdal   

Having the characteristics of a sine function; same as → sine wave.

From sinus, → sine, + → -al.

sip
  ۱)چشلیدن؛ ۲) چشل   
1) cašelidan; 2) cašel

Fr.: 1) siroter, boire à petite gorgées; 2) gorgée   

1) To drink (a liquid) a little at a time; take small tastes of.
2) An instance of sipping; a small taste of a liquid; a small quantity taken by sipping (Dictionary.com).

M.E. sippen (v.), akin to Low German sippen "to sip."

Cašel, from Pashto cašəl "to drink," caceq "to drip;" related to cašidan "to taste," → taste.

siphon
  سیفون   
sifon (#)

Fr.: siphon   

A ∩-shaped tube with unequal arms that is used to move a liquid from one level to a lower level via a third level higher than either. Once the short arm is filled, for example, by suction, the liquid flows down in the long arm under the action of gravity due to mass excess in it.

From Fr. siphon, from L. sipho (genitive siphonis), from Gk. siphon "pipe, tube," of unknown origin.

Sirius (α CMa)
  تیشتر   
Tištar (#)

Fr.: Sirius   

The white star in the constellation → Canis Major that is the brightest star of the sky (V = -1.46). Its other designations include HD 48915, HR 2491, and BD-16°1591. Its particular brightness is mostly due to its proximity to the Earth, being a mere 8.6 → light-years away, the fifth closest star system. Sirius is a → dwarf star of → spectral type A0 or A1 V with an → effective temperature of 9,880 K, a mass of 2.063 ± 0.023 Msun (Bond et al., 2017, ApJ 840, 70), and a → luminosity of 26 Lsun. Sirius has a radius of 1.75 solar and a minimum equatorial rotation speed of 16 km s-1. Its → rotation period is less than 5.5 days. This star is a → visual binary (separation 4.6 arcsec, period 50 years), the companion → Sirius B being the first → white dwarf to be discovered. Sirius is a → metal-rich star, its iron content triple that of the Sun, most likely from some sort of → element diffusion.

From L. Sirius, from Gk. Seirios, literally "scorching," because of its brightness.

Tištar, from Mid.Pers. Tištar, from Av. Tištrya- "(name of the deified star) Sirius," literally "the one who belongs to the three stars," in reference to the three stars of → Orion's Belt; ultimately from PIE *tri-str-o-m- "group of three stars," then *tri-str-iia- and by dissimulation Indo-Iranian *ti-str-iia-, Av. *Tištriia- and Vedic Skt. Tisyà (A. Panaino, in Iranica, under Tištrya).

Sirius B
  تیشتر B   
Tištar B

Fr.: Sirius B   

Same as → companion of Sirius.

Sirius; B, letter of alphabet by convention.

Sirrah (α Andromedae)
  رأس‌المسلسله   
Ra's-ol-Mosalsale (#)

Fr.: Sirrah   

Same as → Alpheratz.

Sirah, contraction of Ar. As-Surrat al-Faras (السره‌الفرس) "The Horse's Navel," from surrat (سره) "navel" + faras (فرس) "horse." The name refers to the location of the star in the figure of → Pegasus. However, the star is now considered to belong to the constellation → Andromeda.

Ra's-ol-Mosalsalé, from Ar. Ar-Ra's al-Mar'ah al-Musalsalah "The head of the chained woman," from Ra's "head" + Mar'ah "woman" + Musalsalah "chained".

SIS mixer
  آمیزگر ِ SIS   
âmizgar-e SIS

Fr.: mélangeur SIS   

In a → superheterodyne receiver, a → mixer which consists of a sandwich structure of two superconducting leads separated by a thin isolator. SIS mixers give a good noise performance especially for → millimeter wavelengths.

SIS, acronym for Superconductor-Insulator-Superconductor; → mixer.

sister
  خواهر   
xâhar (#)

Fr.: sœur   

A female person having the same parents as another person.

M.E. suster, sister, from O.E. sweostor, swuster or Old Norse systir, in either case ultimately from PIE *swesor; cf. Skt. svásar-, Av. xvaηnhar-, Pers. xâhar, xwâhar, as below, Gk. eor, L. soror (Fr. sœur), O.C.S., Rus. sestra, O.Ir. siur, Sw. syster, Dan. soster, O.Sax. swestar, M.Du. suster, Du. zuster, O.H.G. swester, Ger. Schwester.

Xâhar, xwâhar, from Mid.Pers. xwah(ar) "sister;" Av. xvaηnhar- "sister;" cf. Khotanese hvar- "sister;" cognate with E. sister, as above.

sit
  نشستن   
nešastan (#)

Fr.: s'asseoir   

1) To rest with the body supported by the buttocks or thighs; be seated.
2) To be located or situated.

Nešastan "to sit down; to settle down; to sink;" Mid.Pers. nišastan "to sit;" O.Pers. nišādayam [1 sg.impf.caus.act.] "to sit down, to establish," hadiš- "abode;" Av. nišasiiā [1 sg.subj.acr.] "I shall sit down," from nihad- "to sit down," from → ni- "down; into" + had- "to sit;" PIE base *sed- "to sit;" cf. Skt. sad- "to sit," sidati "sits;" Gk. hezomai "to sit," hedra "seat, chair;" L. sedere "to sit;" O.Ir. suide "seat, sitting;" Welsh sedd "seat;" Lith. sedmi "to sit;" Rus. sad "garden;" Goth. sitan, Ger. sitzen; E. sit. See also: → reside, → settle.

site
  سیت   
sit

Fr.: site   

The position or location of a building, observatory, etc. especially as to its environment. → astronomical site.

M.E., from L situs "position, arrangement, site," from sinere "to let, leave alone, permit," cognate with Av. šiti- "place, abode, residence," as below.

Sit, from Av. šiti- "place, abode, residence," šitāy- "habitation, dwelling," from ši- "to live;" cognate with Skt. ksay- "to live, to stay," kséti "he dwells;" Gk. ktizein "to inhabit, build;" L. situs "position, site; situated."

site selection
  گزینش ِ سیت   
gozineš-e sit

Fr.: sélection de site   

The process of choosing a site for an astronomical observatory based on meteorology, seeing conditions, and access to the site.

site; → selection.

situate
  سیتیدن   
sitidan

Fr.: situer   

To place in a site or context; to locate.

From M.L. situatus, p.p. of situare "to place, locate," from L. situs "place, position."

Sitidan, from sit, → site, + -idan infinitive suffix.

situated
  سیتیده   
sitidé

Fr.: situé   

Having a site, situation or location.

P.p. of → situate.

situation
  سیتش   
siteš

Fr.: situation   

1) The manner of being placed with respect to surroundings.
2) Momentary state; a set of circumstances.

Verbal noun of → situate.

six
  شش   
šeš (#)

Fr.: six   

A cardinal number, five plus one.

M.E. six, sex; O.E. siex, syx, seox, sex, from P.Gmc. *sekhs (cf. O.S. seks, O.N., O.Fris. sex, M.Du. sesse, Du. zes, O.H.G. sehs, Ger. sechs, Goth. saihs), from PIE *seks-, cognate with Pers. šeš, as below.

Šeš, from Mid.Pers. šaš; Av. xšuuaš- "six;" cf. Skt. sás- "six;" Gk. hex; L. sex (Fr. six; Sp. seis); O.C.S. sesti; Lith. sesi; O.Ir. se; Welsh chwech; E. six, as above.

sixty
  شست   
šast (#)

Fr.: soixante   

A cardinal number, ten times six. → sexagesimal.

M.E.; O.E. sixtig, from → six + -tig a suffix of numerals denoting multiples of ten.

Šast "sixty;" Mid.Pers. šast "sixty;" Av. xšuuašti- "sixty;" cf. Skt. sasti- "six;" L. sexaginta "sixty."

size
  اندازه   
andâzé (#)

Fr.: taille   

The spatial dimensions, extent, proportions, amount, or degree of something.

M.E. syse originally "control, regulation, limit," from O.Fr. sise shortened form of assise "session, regulation, manner."

1) Andâzé "measure, size" from Mid.Pers. andâzag, handâcak "measure," handâxtan, handâz- "to measure," Manichean Mid.Pers. hnds- "to measure," Proto-Iranian *hamdas-, from ham-, → com-, + *das- "to heap, amass;" cf. Ossetic dasun/dast "to heap up;" Arm. loanword dasel "to arrange (a crowd, people)," das "order, arrangement,"

size of a graph
  اندازه‌ی ِ نگاره   
andâze-ye negâré

Fr.: taille de graphe   

The number of → edges.

size; → graph.

size parameter
  پارامون ِ اندازه   
pârâmun-e andâzé

Fr.: paramètre de taille   

A quantity that defines the type of → scattering.

size; → parameter.

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