An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

The first part or period of the day, extending from dawn, or from midnight, to noon. Not a precise astronomical term.

From M.E. morn, morwen, from O.E. margen earlier morgen (cf. O.H.G. morgen, Goth. maurgins) + → -ing.

Bâmdâd, from Mid.Pers. bâmdâd "morning, dawn," from bâm "beam of light, splendor," bâmik "brilliant" (from Av. *bāma- "light," bāmya- "light, luminous, bright," vīspô.bāma- "all resplendent," from bā- "to shine;" cf. Skt. bhāti- "light, splendor") + dâd "given," from dâdan "to give" (O.Pers./Av. dā- "to give, grant, yield," dadāiti "he gives;" Skt. dadáti "he gives;" Gk. tithenai "to place, put, set," didomi "I give;" L. dare "to give, offer," facere "to do, to make;" Rus. delat' "to do;" O.H.G. tuon, Ger. tun, O.E. don "to do;" PIE base *dhe- "to put, to do").

Not actually a star, but the planet Venus shining brightly in the east just before or at sunrise. Opposed to → evening star.

→ morning; → star.

Rujâ "morning star" in Tabari, "star" in Gilaki. This word is a variant of official Pers. ruz "day," since in Tabari and Gilaki the phoneme z is sometimes changed into j, as in rujin = rowzan "window" and jir or jer = zir "under." Therefore it is related to rowšan "bright, clear," rowzan "window, aperture;" foruq "light," afruxtan "to light, kindle;" Mid.Pers. rôšn "light; bright, luminous," rôc "day;" O.Pers. raucah-rocânak "window;" O.Pers. raocah- "light, luminous; daylight;" Av. raocana- "bright, shining, radiant;" akin to Skt. rocaná- "bright, shining," roka- "brightness, light;" Gk. leukos "white, clear;" L. lumen (gen. luminis) "light," from lucere "to shine," related to lux "light," lucidus "clear," luna, "moon;" Fr. lumière "light;" O.E. leoht, leht, from W.Gmc. *leukhtam (cf. O.Fris. liacht, M.Du. lucht, Ger. Licht), from PIE *leuk- "light, brightness;" → morning; → star.