An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 116 Search : age
object language
  زبان ِ بر‌آخت   
zabân-e barâxt

Fr.: langue objet   

Any language described by a → metalanguage. For example, the sentence "In Persian, the word setâré means "star" " is part of a metalanguage (here, English), and the language described (namely Persian) is an object language. Metalanguage and object language may be identical.

object; → language.

observer's cage
  قفس ِ نپاهگر، ~ نپاهنده   
qafas-e nepâhgar, ~ nepâhandé

Fr.: cage d'observateur   

A place located either at the top of the tube of a large telescope from where one observes or at the back of the tube where instruments are attached to the → Cassegrain focus.

observer; → cage.

orbital shrinkage
  درهم‌کشیدگیِ مداری   
darhamkešidegi-ye madâri

Fr.: rétrécissement de l'orbite   

The lessening in size of the orbit of a binary system composed of two compact objects (pulsars/black holes) due to loss of energy by the system, in particular through gravitational wave radiation. This loss will cause the two objects to approach closer to each other, the orbital period decreases and the binary companions will eventually merge.

orbital; shrinkage, from shrink, from M.E. schrinken, O.E. scrincan, from P.Gmc. *skrenkanan (cf. M.Du. schrinken, Swed. skrynka "to shrink."

Darhamkešidegi "shrinking, shriveling," from state noun of < i>darhamkešidé, from darham- "together, in eachother, toward eachother" (For etymology of dar-, → in-; for etymology of ham-, → com-) + kešidé "drawn, shrivelled, wrinkled," from Mod./Mid.Pers. kešidan, kašidan "to draw, protract, trail, drag, carry," dialectal Yaqnavi xaš "to draw," Qomi xaš "streak, stria, mark," Lori kerr "line;" Av. karš- "to draw; to plow," karša- "furrow;" Proto-Iranian *kerš-/*xrah- "to draw, plow;" cf. Skt. kars-, kársati "to pull, drag, plow;" Gk. pelo, pelomai "to move, to bustle;" PIE base kwels- "to plow;" madâri, → orbital.

overvoltage
  بیش‌ولتاژ   
biš-voltâž

Fr.: surtension   

Voltage which exceeds the normal value between a conductor and earth.

over-; → voltage.

oxidizing agent
  کنشگر ِ اکسنده   
konešgar-e oksandé

Fr.: oxydant   

A substance that brings about an → oxidation. Same as → oxidant and → oxidizer.

oxide; → -ize; → -ing; → agent.

passage
  گذر   
gozar (#)

Fr.: passage   

An act or instance of passing from one place, condition, etc., to another; transit. Same as → transit.

M.E, from O.Fr. passage, from passer "to go by;" originally "a road, passage."

Gozar "passage, transit, passing," from gozaštan "to pass, cross, transit," variant gozâštan "to put, to place, let, allow;" Mid.Pers. widardan, widâštan "to pass, to let pass (by);" O.Pers. vitar- "to pass across," viyatarayam "I put across;" Av. vi-tar- "to pass across," from vi- "apart, away from" (O.Pers. viy- "apart, away;" Av. vi- "apart, away;" cf. Skt. vi- "apart, asunder, away, out;" L. vitare "to avoid, turn aside") + O.Pers./Av. tar- "to cross over;" → trans-.

personage
  تنومسا   
tanumsâ

Fr.: personnage   

1) A person of distinction or importance.
2) A dramatic, historical, or fictional → character in a play, story, etc.

M.E. "form, appearance, stature, figure, air, and the like, of a person," from O.Fr. personage "size, stature; a dignitary," from M.L. personagium, from persona, → person.

Tanumsâ, from tanum, → person, + -sâ, contraction of -âsâ, suffix of "form, type, similarity."

plage
  پلاژ   
plâž (#)

Fr.: plage   

A bright cloud-like feature that appears in the vicinity of a sunspot. Plages represent regions of higher temperature and density within the chromosphere. They are particularly visible when photographed through filters passing the spectral light of hydrogen or calcium.

From Fr., from It. piaggia, from L.L. plagia "shore;" noun use of the feminine of plagius "horizontal;" frpm Gk. plagios "slanting, sideways" from plag(os) "side" + -ios adj. suffix.

Plâž, loan from Fr., as above.

pre-nova stage
  گامه‌ی ِ پیش-نووایی، ~ پیش-نو-اختری   
gâme-ye piš-novâ-yi, ~ piš-now-axtari

Fr.: étape pré-nova   

The stage of a star before its eruption to become a nova.

pre-; → nova; → stage.

project manager
  گنارگر ِ فراشان   
gonârgar-e farâšân

Fr.: chef de projet   

A person who is responsible for directing and controlling the work and staff of a project.

project; → manager.

proto-language
  پوروا-زبان   
purvâ-zabân

Fr.: proto-langue   

The hypothetical and typically extinct language which is believed to be the ancestor of a group of languages of the same family. Historical linguistics uses comparative study of the languages of a family to reconstruct the ancestral language even though in most cases it was never recorded. Some examples are → Proto-Indo-European, Proto-Germanic, Proto-Romance, Proto-Sino-Tibetan, etc.

proto-; → language.

reagent
  واکنشگر   
vâkonešgar

Fr.: réactif   

A chemical substance that, because of the reactions it causes, is used to detect, measure, or prepare another substance.

From re(act) + → agent.

Vâkonešgar, from vâ-, → re-, + konešgaragent.

real image
  وینه‌ی ِ هسیا، تصویر ِ ~   
vine-ye hasyâ, tasvir-e ~

Fr.: image réelle   

In an optical system, the image of an object produced by the convergence of the light rays that make up the image. → virtual image; → real object.

real; → image.

reducing agent
  کنشگر ِ بازهازنده   
konešgar-e bâzhâzandé

Fr.: réducteur   

A substance which removes → oxygen from, or adds → hydrogen, to another substance. In the more general sense, one which loses electrons. Also called → reductant.

reduce; → -ing; → agent.

restored image
  وینه‌ی ِ بازساخته، تصویر ِ ~   
vine-ye bâzsâxté, tasvir-e ~

Fr.: image restaurée   

An image that has been upgraded by a process of → image restoration.

Restored, p;p. of restore, → restoration; → image.

Tasvir, → image; bâzsâxté, p.p. of bâzsâxtan, → restoration.

sexagesimal
  شست-شستی   
šast-šasti (#)

Fr.: sexagésimal   

Relating to, or based on, the number 60.

From M.L. sexagesimalis, from L. sexagesimus "sixtieth," from sexaginta "sixty."

Šast-šasti, from Šast, → sixty.

sexagesimal system
  راژمان ِ شست-شستی   
râžmân-e šast-šasti

Fr.: système sexagésimal   

A number system whose base is 60. It originated with the ancient Sumerians around 2000 B.C., was transmitted to the Babylonians, and is still used in modified form for measuring time, angles, and geographic coordinates.

sexagesimal; → system.

sharp image
  وینه‌ی ِ تیگ، تصویر ِ ~   
vine-ye tig, tasvir-e ~

Fr.: image nette   

An image with clear and distinct details. Opposite of → blurred image.

sharp; → image.

shortage
  کمبود   
kambud (#)

Fr.: pénurie   

1) A deficiency in quantity.
2) The amount of such → deficiency.

From → short + suffix -age.

Kambud, from kam "little, few, deficient, scarce" + bud, from budan, → exist.

Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC)
  ابر ِ کوچک ِ ماژلان   
Abr-e Kucak-e Magellan (#)

Fr.: Petit Nuage de Magellan   

An irregular galaxy, the smaller of the two → Magellanic Clouds that are satellites of our own Galaxy, lying in the southern constellation → Tucana about 20 degrees from the → south celestial pole. The SMC covers an area roughly 3 by 5 degrees in dimension and has an overall → visual magnitude about +2.7. The SMC is about 10,000 → light-years in diameter and some 210,000 light-years (61 → kpc) away. It has a visible mass of about 1/50-th that of our Galaxy and 1/10-th of that of the → Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). Its → heavy element content is about a factor 5 smaller than that of the Galaxy. The SMC is the third-nearest external galaxy after the → Sagittarius Dwarf Elliptical Galaxy and the LMC.

small; → Magellanic; → cloud.

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