An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 3106 Search : on
Compton catastrophe
  نگونزار ِ کامپتون   
negunzâr-e Compton

Fr.: catastrophe de Compton   

In a compact, steady radio-source where the density of relativistic electrons and the density of synchrotron radiation due to these electrons are very large, the radio photons should be transformed into X-ray and gamma-ray photons through inelastic Compton scatterings onto the relativistic electrons. Thus the radio photons should rapidly disappear and only gamma-ray photons should be observed. This phenomenon does not take place if the radio source is in relativistic expansion.

Compton; → catastrophe.

Compton effect
  اُسکرِ کامپتون   
oskar-e Compton

Fr.: effet Compton   

Increase in the wavelength of an → X-ray or → gamma ray  → photon when it collides a → free → electron. The photon transfers part of its energy to the electron, the electron recoils, and the photon itself is scattered at a reduced energy.

Compton; → effect.

Compton equation
  هموگشِ کامپتون   
hamugeš-e Compton

Fr.: équation de Compton   

Theoretical equation which gives the change in the photon wavelength due to the → Compton effect.

Compton; → equation.

Compton era
     
dowrân-e Compton

Fr.: ère de Compton   

A period in the early evolution of the Universe, before t = 10-23 sec when the radius of curvature of the Universe was less than the → Compton wavelength of typical particles.

Compton; → era.

Compton recoil
  پسزنیِ کامپتون   
paszani-ye Compton

Fr.: recul de Compton   

The change of direction undergone by the electron in the → Compton effect. The scattered photon and the collided electron move in different directions from that of the incident photon.

Compton; → recoil.

Compton scattering
  پراکنشِ کامپتون   
parâkaneš-e Compton (#)

Fr.: diffusion Compton   

Scattering of a → photon due to the → Compton effect.

Compton; → scattering.

Compton shift
  کیبِ کامپتون   
kib-e Compton

Fr.: décalage de Compton   

Of the → Compton effect, the amount of increase in the wavelength of an energetic photon upon its collision with an electron.

Compton; → shift.

Compton suppression
  نهاوش ِ کامپتون   
nehâveš-e Compton

Fr.: suppression de Compton   

In → gamma ray → spectroscopy, a technique to reduce the contribution of gamma rays generated by → Compton scattering.

Compton; → suppression.

Compton wavelength
  موج-طول ِ کامپتون   
mowjtul-e Compton, tul-e mowj-e ~

Fr.: longueur d'onde de Compton, longueur d'onde Compton   

The quantum wavelength of a particle with a highly relativistic velocity. The Compton wavelength is given by h/mc, where h is Planck's constant, m is the mass of the particle, and c the light speed. For an electron, the Compton wavelength is about 2.4 × 10-10 cm, intermediate between the size of an atomic nucleus and an atom.

Compton; → wavelength.

Comptonization
  کامپتونش   
Kâmptoneš

Fr.: comptonisation   

The change in the → spectrum of → electromagnetic radiation due to → scattering from → electrons. When → photons and electrons coexist in the same volume of space, their → collisions can → transfer energy from photons to electrons (→ Compton effect) or from electrons to photons (→ inverse Compton effect).

Verbal noun of → Comptonize; → -tion.

Comptonize
  کامپتونیدن   
Kâmptonidan

Fr.: comptoniser   

The verb describing the → Camptonization process.

Compton; → -ize.

Comptonized emission
  گسیل ِ کامپتونیده   
gosil-e Kâmptonidé

Fr.: émission comptonisée   

Emission undergone → Comptonization.

Comptonize; → emission.

compulsion
  وادارش، وادارکرد   
vâdâreš, vâdârkard

Fr.: obligation   

The action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; constraint (OxforddDctionaries.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. compulsion, from L. compulsion-, noun of action from past-participle stem of compellere, → compel.

Verbal noun from vâdâridan, vâdâr kardan, → compel.

computation
  حساب   
hesâb (#)

Fr.: calcul   

The act, process, or method of calculating.

Verbal noun of → compute.

computerization
  رایانگرش، رایانگرانش   
râyângareš, râyângarâneš

Fr.:   

The process or state of computerizing.

computerize.

concave
  کاو   
kâv (#)

Fr.: concave   

Of a surface, curving inward.

From L. concavus "hollow," from → com- intensive prefix + cavus "hollow;" PIE base *keu- "a swelling, arch, cavity."

Kâv "hollow," verb kâvidan (kâftan) "to dig; to examine, investigate," cf. L. cavus "hollow" (E. derivatives: cavity, concave, cave, excavate), Gk. koilos "hollow," Armenian sor; PIE *kowos "hollow."

concave grating
  توری ِ کاو   
turi-ye kâv (#)

Fr.: réseau concave   

A → diffraction grating ruled on a concave spherical mirror that eliminates chromatic aberration and transmits regions of the spectrum, such as the ultraviolet, which is not transmitted by glass lenses.

concave; → grating.

concave lens
  عدسی ِ کاو   
adasi-ye kâv (#)

Fr.: lentille concave   

A lens which is thinner at the center than at the edges and diverges the light rays.

concave; → lens.

concave mirror
  آینه‌ی ِ کاو   
âyene-ye kâv (#)

Fr.: miroir concave   

A mirror whose surface is curved inward and converges the light rays.

concave; → mirror.

concavo-convex lens
  عدسی ِ کاو-کوژ   
adasi-ye kâv-kuž (#)

Fr.: lentille concavo-convexe   

A type of → convergent lens that is concave on one surface and convex on the opposite surface. Also called → meniscus lens. Meniscus lenses are used most often in conjunction with another lens to produce an optical system of a longer or shorter → focal length than the original lens.

concave; → convex; → lens.


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