An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

   Homepage   
   


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

<< < -ab ab- abo abs abs acc acc ack act acu add adi adv aff agg Ald Alf ali all alp alt Ama amp ana ang ang ann ano ant ant ape apo app app arc are Ari art asp ast ast ast Ata atm ato att aut ave axi > >>

Number of Results: 972
adiabatic temperature gradient
  زینه‌ی ِ دمای ِ بی‌دررو   
zine-ye damâ-ye bidarrow

Fr.: gradient de température adiabatique   

The temperature gradient defining the → radiative equilibrium condition in a region. It is expressed as: dT/dr = (1 - 1/ γ)((T / P)(dP / dr), where T and P are temperature and pressure, dT / dr and dP / dr temperature and pressure gradients respectively, and γ = CP / CV. For radiative equilibrium to be stable against → convection, the actual temperature gradient must be less than the adiabatic temperature gradient, i.e. |dT /dr|rad < |dT /dr|ad. See also → Schwarzschild's criterion.

adiabatic; → temperature; → gradient.

adjective
  زابه   
zâbé

Fr.: adjectif   

In grammar, a word that qualifies, describes, or quantifies a noun.

M.E., from O.Fr. adjectif, from L. adjectivum "that is added to (the noun)," neuter of adjectivus "added," from p.p. of adicere "to throw or place (a thing) near," from → ad- "to" + iacere "to throw," → jet.

Zâbé, from zâb "attribute, quality" (Dehxodâ); probably related to zib "beauty, adornment," zibâ "beautiful, adorned," zivar "ornament," zab "easy; gratis; right, direct;" from Proto-Ir. *zai- "to adorn, to equip."

adjoin
  آبندیدن، آبنیدن   
âbandidan, âbanidan

Fr.: adjoindre   

1) To be close to or in contact with.
2) To attach or append (dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. ajoindre"join together, unite," from L. adjungere "fasten on, harness, join to," from → ad- "to" + jungere "to bind together," cognate with → yoke.

Âbandidan, âbanidan, from prefix â- + band, vand, bastan, in dialects contracted to ban-, van- "to bind, attach," → band, + -idan infinitive suffix.

adjoint
  آبند، آبن   
âband, âban

Fr.: adjoint   

Literally "joined to." → adjoint matrix.

adjoin.

adjoint matrix
  ماتریس ِ آبن   
mârtis-e âban

Fr.: matrice adjointe   

The → transpose of a → matrix in which each → element is replaced by its → cofactor. Same as → conjugate transpose and → Hermitian conjugate.

adjoint; → matrix.

adjust
  برجوتیدن   
barjutidan

Fr.: ajuster   

1) To change (something) so that it fits, corresponds, or conforms; adapt; accommodate.
2) To put in good working order; regulate; bring to a proper state or position (Dictionary.com).

M.E. ajusten, "to correct, remedy; arrange, settle, compose," from M.Fr. adjuster, O.Fr. ajouter "to join," from L.L. adjuxtare "to bring near," from L. → ad- "to" + juxta "next," related to jungere "to join," from PIE *yeug- "to join," → conjugate, akin to E. → yoke.

Barjutidan, from prefix bar-, → on-, + Kurd. Soriani jut, jot "pair, couple, twin," Aftari jot "yoke," classical Pers. yuq, → yoke.

adjustment
  برجوتش   
barjuteš

Fr.: ajustement   

The act of adjusting.

Verbal noun of → adjust.

adopt
  بر-اپتیدن   
baroptidan

Fr.: adopter   

1) To choose or take as one's own; make one's own by selection or assent.
2) To take and rear (the child of other parents) as one's own child, specifically by a formal legal act.
3) To vote to accept (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from M.Fr. adopter, from L. adoptare, from → ad- + optare, → opt.

Baroptidan, on the model of bargozidan "to choose," from bar- "on, up, upon, in," → on-, + optidan, → opt.

adoption
  بر-اپتش   
baropteš

Fr.: adoption   

The act of adopting. The state of being adopted.

adopt; → -tion.

adoptive
  بر-اپتشی   
baropteši

Fr.: adoptif   

Of or involving adoption. Acquired or related by adoption.

adopt; → -ive.

Adrastea
  ادرستیءا   
Adrasteâ (#)

Fr.: Adrastée   

The second innermost known satellite of Jupiter, whose orbit is situated at a distance of about 129 000 km from the planet, and its orbital period is of 0.298 days; also known as Jupiter XV. Adrastea is 25 x 20 x 15 km in size.

In Gk. mythology, Adrastea was the daughter of Zeus and Ananke and the distributor of reward and punishments.

adsorb
  برشمیدن   
baršamidan

Fr.: adsorber   

To take up and hold another substance on the surface.

adsorption.

adsorbent
  برشمنده   
baršamandé

Fr.: adsorbant   

1) A material that can hold or condense molecules of another substance on its surface by adsorption.
2) Relating to or capable of adsorption.

From → adsorb + →-ent.

Baršamandé, from baršamidan, → adsorb, + -andé.

adsorption
  برشم   
baršam

Fr.: adsorption   

A process in which a layer of atoms or molecules of one substance forms on the surface of a solid or liquid. → absorption, → desorption, → sorption.

Adsorption from ad- "to" + sorption, from L. sorbere "to suck," → absorption.

Baršam, from bar- "on, upon" + šam "to drink, sip," → absorption.

adult
  برنا   
bornâ (#)

Fr.: adulte   

1) A person who is fully grown or developed or of age.
2) Having attained full size and strength; grown up; mature. A person who has attained the age of maturity as specified by law (Dictionary.com).

From L. adultus "grown up, mature, adult, ripe," p.p. of adolescere "to grow up, mature," from → ad- "to" + alescere "be nourished," from alere "to nourish."

Bornâ, from Mid.Pers. purnây- "adult;" Av. pərənāyu- "adult, old;" (Baluchi warnâ "adolescent"), literally "of full age," from pərəna-, → full, + āyu- "age," → aeon.

advance of perihelion
  پیشرفت ِ پیراهور   
pišraft-e pirâhur

Fr.: avance du périhélie   

The slow rotation of the major axis of a planet's orbit in the same direction as the revolution of the planet itself, due mainly to gravitational interactions with other planets. The perihelion of the planet Mercury advances about 9'.6 per century. The bulk of the advance was accounted by perturbations from other planets. However, a remaining small advance, by 43'' per century, was eventually explained as an effect predicted by Einstein's theory of → general relativity. In the case of close binary stars, the advance of pericenter may additionally be caused by mass transfer and the stars' distorted (elliptical) shapes. Advance of perihelion (or pericenter) is also known as → apsidal motion.

Advance, from O.Fr. avancer "move forward," from V.L. *abantiare, from L.L. abante "from before," from ab- "from" + ante "before," PIE *ant- "front, forehead;" → perihelion.

Pišraft "advance," from piš "forward; in front; before," Mid.Pers. peš + raft "going; walk, travel," from raftan "to go."

advanced wave
  موج ِ پیشرس   
mowj-e pišras

Fr.: onde avancée   

A wave that travels backward in time according to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory; it arrives before it is transmitted. → Maxwell's equations have two solutions, the normal solution describes the ordinary waves, called → retarded waves, traveling forward in time. However, no advanced waves have ever shown up in any experiment. The advanced solutions of Maxwell's equations are usually simply discarded as "unphysical."

Advanced, adj. from advance, → advance of perihelion; → wave.

Mowj, → wave; pišras "advanced," from piš "before," Mid.Pers. peš + ras "arriving," from rasidan "to arrive," Mid.Pers. rasitan, O.Pers./Av. rasa- present stem of ar- "to move, go or come toward," cf. Skt. ar-, rcchati.

advection
  پهنبز   
pahnbaz

Fr.: advection   

1) Geology: The process of transport of a quantity by the velocity field due to the movement of a fluid. Advection differs from → convection, which describes thermally driven circulation.
2) Meteorology: The predominantly horizontal, large-scale motions of the atmosphere. In contrast, convection describes the predominantly vertical, locally induced motions.

From L. advecti "act of conveying," from advectus, past participle of advehere "to carry," from ad-, "to" + vehere "to carry, bring;" Skt. vah-, vahati "to carry, conduct, guide," Av. vaz-, vazaiti "to guide, lead"; PIE *wegh- "to go, transport in a vehicle".

Pahnbaz from pahn "flat, wide, → broad," + baz "to carry," → evection.

advection term
  ترم ِ پهنبز   
tarm-e pahnbaz

Fr.: terme d'advection   

The first term on the right side in the → induction equation.

advection; → term.

advective
  پهنبزی   
pahnbazi

Fr.: advectif   

Adj. from → advection.

<< < -ab ab- abo abs abs acc acc ack act acu add adi adv aff agg Ald Alf ali all alp alt Ama amp ana ang ang ann ano ant ant ape apo app app arc are Ari art asp ast ast ast Ata atm ato att aut ave axi > >>