An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : far
afterward
  پسان، پسانه   
pasân, pasâne

Fr.: après, ensuite, plus tard   

At a later or subsequent time; subsequently.

after; → -ward.

AG Carinae
   AG افزل   
AG Afzal

Fr.: AG de la Carène   

A → Luminous Blue Variable star in the constellation → Carina; also known as HD 94910. AG Carinae lies about 6 kpc (20,000 → light-years) away and is surrounded by a → nebula. It is also a → spectroscopic variable, with the variability on time-scale of years. During the epochs of minimum in the visual → light curve (mV ~ 8.1), the star is relatively hot and has a → WN11 spectral type, showing strong He I, H I, and N II → emission lines, weak He II 4686 Å emission, and Si IV 4088-4116 Å absorption. During the maximum epochs of the light curve (mV ~ 6.0), the star is cooler, and the spectrum is reminiscent of extreme A-type → hypergiants, with a strong emission of H I, Fe II, and T III lines. The transition between both phases is characterized by the appearance of peculiar features in the spectrum, such as absorption-line splitting, strong → electron-scattering wings in He I and Fe II lines, and apparent → inverse P Cygni profiles in He I lines. The presence of a massive → bipolar nebula around AG Car testifies to a recent (t< 104 years) phase of high → mass loss. The morphology and kinematics of the nebula suggest a → dynamical age of 8.5 × 103 years and a high mass of → ionized nebular material (~ 4.2 Msun), which is likely composed of → ejecta from the central star. The nebular abundances show evidence of moderate nitrogen → enrichment. Properties of the → circumstellar nebula, studied in the → mid-infrared and → far-infrared, reveal an incredibly high dust mass of ~ 0.25 Msun, → dust temperature between 76 and 99 K, and the presence of large → dust grains of ~ 1 μm, as deduced from far-→ infrared excess. Assuming a normal → gas-to-dust ratio of 100, the total nebular mass of AG Car could be as high as ~ 30 Msun which would be of the order of, or even higher than, the mass of the → Homunculus nebula around → Eta Carinae. At the time when the AG Car nebula was ejected, the → interstellar bubble around the central star likely contained a negligible amount of material compared to the total mass of the nebula, implying that most of the nebular mass was ejected by the central star (Groh et al., 2009, ApJ 698, 1698).

AG, as used in the → variable star designation system; → Carina.

again
  دوباره، باز   
dobâré, bâz

Fr.: encore   

Once more; a second time; in return.

M.E., from O.E. ongean "toward, opposite, against," from on "on" + -gegn "against, toward."

Dobâré, from do, → two, + bâr "time, fold," → twice.

against
  پتار   
patâr

Fr.: contre   

In opposition to; contrary to; adverse or hostile to.

M.E. agens, ageynes, from ageyn, ongean "again," from on + gegn "against, toward," → gegenschein.

Patâr from Mid.Pers. paitiyârak, "every thing that counteracts and checks the good powers: adversaries of the evil powers;" Av. paiti-ār- "to advance against," paiti-ārəna- "adversary," from paiti- "against," → counter-, + ar- "to move," → access; cf. Mod.Pers. patyâré "affliction, misery, misfortune; anything ugly, terrific;" Mid.Pers. padirag, patirak "against, counter-," Sogd. patrêt "against, opposite, toward."

AGB final thermal pulse (AFTP)
  تپه‌ی ِ گرمایی ِ پایانی ِ AGB   
tape-ye garmâyi-ye pâyâni-ye AGB

Fr.: flash de l'hélium final de l'AGB   

In evolutionary models of → low-mass and → intermediate-mass stars, the occurrence of a → helium shell flash just at the moment when the star is leaving the → asymptotic giant branch phase.

AGB; → final; → thermal; → pulse.

age
  ۱) سن؛ ۲) عصر   
1) senn (#); 2) asr (#)

Fr.: âge   

1) The length of time that a celestial body or an evolutionary stage of it has existed, i.e. the age of a massive star, the age of a galaxy, a stellar cluster, and so on.
2) a: A period of time in the history of the Universe marked by a distinctive characteristic. → cosmic dark age. b: A division of geologic time in the history of the Earth, usually shorter than an epoch.

From O.Fr. aage, from Vulgar L. *ætaticum, from L. ætatem "period of life," from ævum "lifetime, eternity, age;" cf. Mid.Pers. awâm, âwâm "time, season," Av. âyav- "duration, period, time of life," Skt. âyuh- "life, health". All from PIE *aiw-, *ayu- "vital force, life, long life, eternity."

Senn from Ar. senn "age, lifetime". Asr from Ar.

age of the Moon
  ۱) کهن‌روزی ِ ماه؛ ۲) سن ِ ماه   
1) kohan-ruzi-ye mâh; 2) senn-e mâh

Fr.: âge de la lune   

Same as → Moon's age.

Moon's age.

age of the Universe
  سن ِ گیتی   
senn-e giti

Fr.: âge de l'Univers   

The time elapsed since the → Big Bang.

age; → universe.

Agena (β Centauri)
  حضار   
Hazâr

Fr.: Agena   

Alternative name for the star Hadar, the second brightest star in Centaurus and the tenth brightest star in the sky. → Hadar.

The etymology of Agena is not clear. Some sources have suggested L. a genu "by the knee," but it seems dubious.

agent
  کنشگر   
konešgar (#)

Fr.: agent   

1) Something such as a chemical substance, organism, or natural force that causes an effect.
2) Somebody who provides a particular service for another.

From L. agentem (nominative agens, genitive agentis), pr.p. of agere "to set in motion, drive, lead, conduct," → act.

Konešgar, from koneš verbal noun of kardan "to do, to make" (Mid.Pers. kardan, O.Pers./Av. kar- "to do, make, build," Av. kərənaoiti "makes," cf. Skt. kr- "to do, to make," krnoti "makes," karma "act, deed;" PIE base kwer- "to do, to make") + -gar, → -or.

ageostrophic wind
  باد ِ نازمین‌چرخشی   
bâd-e nâ-zamincarxeši

Fr.: vent agéostrophique   

Meteo.: The wind component deviating from the → geostrophic wind in the absence of the → geostrophic balance. In other words, ageostrophic wind is the difference between the true wind and the geostrophic wind.

From negation prefix → a- + → geostrophic; → wind.

agglomerate
  ۱) برگلمیدن؛ ۲) برگلمیده؛ ۳) برگلم   
1) bargolemidan; 2) bargolemidé; 3) bargolem

Fr.: 1) agglomérer; 2,3) aggloméré   

1) (v.) To collect or gather into a cluster or mass.
2) (adj.) Gathered together into a cluster or mass.
3a) (n.) A mass of things clustered together.
3b) A rock composed of rounded or angular volcanic fragments (Dictionary.com).

From L. agglomeratus, p.p. of agglomerare "to wind or add onto a ball," from → ad- "to" + glomerare to "wind up in a ball," from glomus (genitive glomeris) "ball of yarn," globus "globe;" PIE *gel- "to make into a ball."

Bargolemidan, from suffix bar- "to, on, upon," + golem, from Lori, Laki golemâ, golama "curd, obtained from milk by coagulation, used to make cheese," Lori golem "stagnating water," Sangesari, Semnâni, Sorxe-yi, Lâsgardi golma, "boll, i.e. the rounded seed capsule of plants such as cotton," + -idan infinitive suffix.

agglomeration
  برگلمش   
bargolemeš

Fr.: agglomération   

1) A jumbled cluster or mass of varied parts.
2) The act or process of agglomerating (Dictionary.com).

Verbal noun of → agglomerate.

Agilkia
  اگیلکیا   
Agilkia

Fr.: Agilkia   

The site where → Rosetta's Philae lander is scheduled to touch down on Comet 67P/→ Churyumov-Gerasimenko on 12 November 2014.

Named for Agilkia Island (اجیلکیا), an island on the Nile River in the south of Egypt. A complex of Ancient Egyptian buildings, including the famous Temple of Isis, was moved to Agilkia from the island of Philae when the latter was flooded during the building of the Aswan dams last century.

agitate
  ژیلیدن   
žilidan

Fr.: 1) agiter, remuer; 2) émouvoir, troubler; 3) faire de l'agitation, exciter l'opinion publique   

1) To move or force into violent, irregular action. To shake or move briskly.
2) To disturb or excite emotionally; arouse; perturb.
3) To arouse or attempt to arouse public interest and support, as in some political or social cause or theory (Dictionary.com).

From L. agitatus, p.p. of agitare "move to and fro," frequentative of agere "to drive," → act.

Žilidan, from Lori, Laki žil "shaking, moving," related to žir, → act.

agitation
  ژیلش   
žileš

Fr.: agitation   

The act or process of agitating; state of being agitated. → thermal agitation.

Verbal noun of → agitate.

agitator
  ژیلشگر   
žilešgar

Fr.: agitateur   

1) A person who stirs up others in order to upset the status quo and further a political, social, or other cause.
2) A machine or device for agitating and mixing (Dictionary.com).

agitate; → -or; → turbulence.

agree
  ساچندن   
sâcandan

Fr.: consentir, convenir, être d'accord   

1) To have the same views, emotions, etc.; harmonize in opinion or feeling (often followed by with).
2) To give consent; assent (often followed by to).
3) To come to one opinion or mind; come to an arrangement or understanding; arrive at a settlement.
4) To be consistent; harmonize (usually followed by with).
5) To correspond; conform; resemble (Dictionary.com).

M.E. agre, agreen, from O.Fr. agreer "to receive with favor, take pleasure in," from phrase a gré "favorably, of good will," from L. → ad- "to" + gratum "pleasing," neuter of gratus "pleasing, agreeable," from PIE root *gwer- "to praise;" cf. Pers. gerâmi "dear, revered," from Av. gar- "to praise;" Skt. grnati "sings, praises," Lith. giriu "to praise, celebrate."

Infinitive from sâcan, → agreement.

agreement
  ساچن   
sâcan

Fr.: accord   

1) The act of agreeing or of coming to a mutual arrangement.
2) The state of being in accord (Dictionary.com).

Verbal noun from → agree + → -ment.

Sâcan, from sâz-, saz, sac-, sâj-, Pers. sâz-, sâxtan "to build, prepare; to agree, be compatible; to adapt, adjust;" sazidan "to suit, fit, be worthy," sazâ "suitable, agreeing with, congruous, deserving of;" Baluchi sâc-/sâcit "to adjust, be suitable, agree;" Mid.Pers. sacitan/sazidan "to fit," sazešn "fitness," sazâg "fitting, worth;" Av. sak- "to understand, to mark," sâcaya- (causative) "to teach;" Proto-Ir. *sac- "to fit, be suitable; to prepare;" + suffix -an, → minus.

agriculture
  کشاورزی   
kešâvarzi (#)

Fr.: agriculture   

The occupation or science of cultivating the land, producing crops, and feeding, breeding, and raising livestock; farming.

M.E., from M.Fr., from L. agricultura, compound of agri cultura "cultivation of land," from agri, genitive of ager "a field" + cultura "cultivation," → culture.

Kešâvarzi "agriculture," from kešâvarz "farmer, cultivator," from kešt-varz. The first component kešt, variant kâšt, from kâštan, keštan, variants of kâridan "to cultivate, to plant;" Mid.Pers. kištan, kâridan "to sow, plant; to make furrows;" Av. kar- "to strew seed, cultivate," kāraiieiti "cultivates;" cf. Skt. kar- "to scatter, strew, pour out." The second component varz agent noun of varzidan "to labor, exercise, practise;" cf. Gk. ergon "work;" Arm. gorc "work;" Lith. verziu "tie, fasten, squeeze," vargas "need, distress;" Goth. waurkjan; O.E. wyrcan "work," wrecan "to drive, hunt, pursue;" PIE base *werg- "to do, to work."

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>