An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

1) Math.: For a → function y = f(x), a point at which the → tangent to the graph is horizontal. In other words, a point where the → slope is zero: dy/dx = 0.
2) Of a planet, the position at which the rate of change of its apparent → right ascension is momentarily zero.

→ stationary; → point.

An artificial satellite in a synchronous orbit. → geostationary orbit

→ stationary; → satellite.

A → time series if it obeys the following criteria: 1) Constant → mean over time (t). 2) Constant → variance for all t, and 3) The → autocovariance function between X_t1 and X_t2 only depends on the interval t₁ and t₂.

→ stationary; → time; → series.

Same as → standing wave.

→ stationary; → wave.

Of, pertaining to, consisting of, or based on → statistics.

Statistic, from → statistics + → -al.

The process of collecting, manipulating, analyzing, and interpreting quantitative data to uncover underlying causes, patterns, and relationships between variables.

→ statistical; → analysis.

A state in which the average density of atoms per cubic centimeter in any atomic state does not change with time and in which, statistically, energy is equally divided among all degrees of freedom if classical concepts prevail.

→ statistical; → equilibrium.

An assumed statement about the way a → random variable is distributed. A statistical hypothesis generally specifies the form of the → probability distribution or the values of the parameters of the distribution. The statement may be true or false. See also → null hypothesis.

→ statistical; → hypothesis.

A method of making decision between rejecting or not rejecting a → null hypothesis on the basis of a set of observations.

→ statistical; → hypothesis; → test.

The process of inferring certain facts about a → statistical population from results found in a → sample.

→ statistical; → inference.

A law that governs the behavior of a system consisting of a large number of particles and which differs from the laws obeyed by each of the particles making up the macroscopic system. See also → dynamical law.

→ statistical; → law.

→ statistical physics.

→ statistical; → mechanics.

The mean parallax of a group of stars that are all at approximately the same distance, as determined from their radial velocities and proper motions.

→ statistical; → parallax.

The branch of physics that applies methods of → probability theory and → statistics to the behavior of large numbers of microscopic particles (such as molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles) in order to explain and predict the overall properties of the system composed of such particles.

→ statistical; → physics.

Any collection of individuals or items from which → samples are drawn. See also → finite population, → infinite population.

→ statistical; → population.

Same as → statistical mechanics.

→ statistical; → thermodynamics.

1) Statistics: A number assigned to each value or range of values of a given quantity, giving the number of times this value or range of values is found to be observed.
2) Statistical mechanics: A multiplicative factor in the expression for the probability of finding a system in a given quantum state. Usually the number of degenerate substates contained in the state.

→ statistical; → weight.

A branch of applied mathematics that deals with the collection and interpretation of quantitative data and the use of probability theory to estimate population parameters.

From Ger. Statistik "political science," from Mod.L. statisticus (collegium) "state affairs," from It. statista "person skilled in statecraft," from stato "state," ultimately from L. status "position, form of government;" cognate with Pers. ist-, istâdan "to stand" (Mid.Pers. êstâtan; O.Pers./Av. sta- "to stand, stand still; set;" Av. hištaiti; cf. Skt. sthâ- "to stand;" Gk. histemi "put, place, weigh," stasis "a standing still;" L. stare "to stand;" Lith. statau "place;" Goth. standan; PIE base *sta- "to stand").

Âmâr "computation, arithmetic; statistics," from âmârdan "to reckon, to calculate," related to ošmârdan, šomârdan, šomordan "to count, to calculate," mar, mâr- "count, reckon, measure," bimar "countless," nahmâr "great, large, big;" Mid.Pers. âmâr "calculating, reckoning;" Av. base mar- "to have in mind, remember, recall," hišmar-; cf. Skt. smr-, smarati "to remember, he remembers," L. memor, memoria, Gk. mermera "care," martyr "witness."

1) The natural height of a human or animal in an upright position.
2) An achieved level; status (The FreeDictionary.com).

M.E., from from O.Fr. stature, estature "build, structure," from L. statura "height, size of body, size," from PIE root *sta- "to stand, make or be firm," cf. Pers. ist-, istâdan "to stand," → opposition.

Bašn "stature, height; the body;" Mid.Pers. bašn "the top;" O.Pers. baršan- "height," variant borz "height, magnitude" (it occurs also in the name of the mountain chain Alborz), related to boland "high," bâlâ "up, above, high, elevated, height," berg "mountain, hill;" Mid.Pers. buland "high;" Av. barəz- "high, mount," barezan- "height;" cf. Skt. bhrant- "high;" L. fortis "strong" (Fr. & E. force); O.E. burg, burh "castle, fortified place;" Ger. Burg "castle," Goth. baurgs "city," E. burg, borough, Fr. bourgeois, bourgeoisie, faubourg); PIE base *bhergh- "high."

1) The position of an individual in relation to another or others, especially in regard to social or professional standing.
2) State or condition of affairs (Dictionary.com).

From L. status "condition, position, state, attitude" from p.p. stem of stare "to stand," from PIE *ste-tu-, from root *sta- "to stand," → state., + -tus suffix of action.

Estâté, from estat, → state, + nuance suffix -é.