An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

A binary system whose components are not in contact and in which no significant mass exchange is occurring.

P.p. of detach, from O.Fr. destachier (Fr. détacher), from des- "apart," + -tachier (as in atachier "to attach"); → system.

Râžmân→ system; jodâ "separate, distinct," Mid.Pers. jutâk (yutâk), jut (yut).

1) An individual or minute part; an item or → particular.
2) To relate or report with complete particulars; tell fully and distinctly (Dictionary.com).

From Fr. détail, from O.Fr. detail "small piece or quantity," literally "a cutting in pieces," from detaillier "to cut in pieces," from → de- "entirely" + taillier "to cut in pieces," from L. taliare "to split."

Pâzé, from Sogd. pâzê "portion, bit;" Kurd. pâž "part of a whole;" related to Mod.Pers. baxš "part, division," bâž "tribute, toll, impost;" ultimately from Proto-Ir. *baj- "to bestow, divide, have a share;" cf. Av. baž- (baxš-) "to divide, bestow, give a share;" O.Pers. bāji- "tribute, tax;" Mid.Pers. bâj, bâž "tribute, tax," baxtan "to distribute," baxt "luck, fate;" Skt. bhaj- "to share, distribute, apportion," Gk. phagein "to eat (to have a share of food)"; PIE base *bhag- "to share out, apportion;" → division.

1) Having many details.
2) Thorough in the treatment of details (Dictionary.com).

Adjective from → detail.

To uncover the presence of, as of a sought-for nuclear particle or an astronomical object.
In radio communication, to extract the signal from its modulated carrier wave.

From M.E., from L. detectus, p.p. of detegere "uncover, disclose," from → de- reversal prefix + tegere "to cover."

škâridan "to reveal," infinitive of âškâr "manifest, clear," Mid.Pers. âškârak "manifest," from Proto-Iranian *âviškâra- from *âviš, Av. âviš "manifestly," + *kâra-, from kar- "to do, make," cf. Skt. avistya- "apparent, manifest."

The act or state of detecting, → detect
Any operation on an electrical or electromagnetic signal to recover information from it.

M.E., from L.L. detection-, from detect(us), → detect, + -ion.

škâreš, from âškâr present-tense stem of âškâridan→ detect + -š verbal noun suffix.

The square of the ratio of the output → signal-to-noise (S/N) to the input S/N.

Detective, adj. of → detect; → quantum; → efficiency.

A performance criterion for an electronic detector, reciprocal of the corresponding → noise-equivalent power (D = 1/NEP).

From detective, relating to → detect + → -ity.

A device whose main function is detection.
Any device or array of electronic sensors connected to a computer, used to detect the passage of a particle or photon; e.g. a → charge-coupled device (CCD).

L.L. detector, from deteg(ere), → detect, + -tor suffix forming agent noun.

škârgar, from âškâr present-tense stem of âškâridan "to detect" + -gar a suffix of agent nouns, from kar-, kardan "to do, to make" (Mid.Pers. kardan, O.Pers./Av. kar- "to do, make, build," Av. kərənaoiti "makes," cf. Skt. kr- "to do, to make," krnoti "makes," karma "act, deed;" PIE base k^wer- "to do, to make").

An agent or factor that determines the nature of something or that fixes or conditions an outcome.
Math.: An algebraic expression used in the solution of systems of linear equations, which consists of the sum of products of elements, each with an appropriate algebraic sign, usually written in a square array.

From → determine + -ant suffix forming noun.

Âtarmgar, from âtarm present stem of âtarmidan→ determine + -gar, → detector.

The act of deciding definitely and firmly; the result of such an act of decision.

Verbal noun of → determine.

1) General: To settle or decide by choice of alternatives or possibilities.
2) Math.: To fix or define the position, form, or configuration of.
3) Logic: To explain or limit by adding differences.

From O.Fr. déterminer, from L. determinare "set limits to," from → de- + terminare "to mark the end or boundary," from terminus "boundary, border, end," → term.

Âtarmidan, from âtarm + verb forming suffix -idan; âtarm from intensive prefix â- + tarm "limit, boundary," → term.

1) Decided; settled; resolved.
2) Showing determination, characterized by determination.

p.p. of → determine.

The belief that every event is necessitated by antecedent events and conditions together with the laws of nature. → deterministic physics.

From → determine + → -ism.

Âtarmbâvari, from âtarm, → determine, + bâvari, noun of bâvar "beleif;" Mid.Pers. wâbar "beleif;" Proto-Iranian *uar- "to choose; to convince; to believe;" cf. Av. var- "to choose; to convince" varəna-, varana- "conviction, faith;" O.Pers. v(a)r- "to choose; to convince;" Skt. vr- "to choose," vara- "choosing."

Of, pertaining to, or dealing with → determinism.

From determinist + → -ic.

The classical representation of the laws of nature according to which a particular future state (B) will arise from a particular past one (A). In contrast to → quantum physics which deals with the probability for the transition from A to B.

Deterministic, adj. of determinism; → physics.

A theory in which specification of the initial value of all relevant variables of the system is sufficient to calculate the past values and to predict the future values of such variables for any arbitrary time. Moreover, it is possible, for any arbitrary time, to assign a value to all the variables characterizing the system. In quantum mechanics, the time evolution of the → wave function, governed by the → Schrodinger equation, is deterministic. Quantum mechanics, however, is a non deterministic theory because of the probabilistic nature of the predictions for the values of the → observables of a quantum system.

→ deterministic; → theory.

1) To set off a → detonation. 2) To explode or cause to explode.

From L. detonatus, p.p. of detonare "to thunder down, roar out," from → de- + tonare "to thunder," cf. Pers. tondar "thunder," Skt. stanáyati "thunders," tanyatá- "thundering," Gk. stonos "groan," stenein "to groan," Thôrr "the Old Norse god of thunder," P.Gmc. *thunraz (Du. donder, Ger. Donner "thunder," E. thunder, Fr. tonnerre), PIE base *(s)tene- "to resound, thunder."

Tarâkidan "to split, cleave; to make a noise in splitting," variants tarakidan, taraqidan, taraqqé "firecracker," from tarâk/tarak "split, cleft, crack; the noise of anything when splitting or cleaving," maybe related to Pers. dar-, daridan "to tear, cut," Av. dar- "to tear," dərəta- "cut," auua.dərənant- "shattering," Skt. dar- "to crack, split, break, burst," darati "he splits," cf. Gk. derma "skin," E. tear, Ger. zerren "to pull, to tear," zehren "to undermine, to wear out," PIE base *der- " to split, peel, flay."

Instantaneous combustion or conversion of a solid, liquid, or gas into larger quantities of expanding gases accompanied by heat, shock, and a noise. → deflagration; → explosion.

Verbal noun of → detonate.

To add → deuterium to a → chemical compound.

From L. deuter(ium), → deuterium, + -ate a suffix forming verbs from L. -atus (masc.), -ata (fem.), -atum (neut.).

Doteridan, infinitive from doteriom, → deuterium.

Describing a → chemical compound to which → deuterium is added.

Past participle of → deuterate.