An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 9 Search : acid
acid
  اسید   
asid (#)

Fr.: acide   

A substance that releases hydrogen ions to form a solution with a pH of less than 7, reacts with a base to form a salt, and turns blue litmus red.

From Fr. acide, from L. acidus "sour," adj. of state from acere "to be sour," acer "sharp, pungent, bitter;" from PIE base *ak- "sharp, pointed."

acidic
  اسیدی   
asidi (#)

Fr.: acide   

Being or containing an acid; of a solution having an excess of hydrogen atoms (having a → pH of less than 7).

acid; → -ic.

chloric acid
  اسید کلریک   
asid klorik (#)

Fr.: acide chlorique   

A colorless, strong acid HClO3, formed by the action of dilute sulfuric acid on barium chlorate.

From chlor-, → chlorine, + → -ic; → acid.

formic acid (HCOOH)
  اسید فورمیک   
asid formik (#)

Fr.: acide formique   

A colorless, corrosive fuming liquid with pungent odor. It occurs in various plants and in the venom of many ant species. Used in dyeing, tanning, and electroplating. Also called methanoic acid. HCOOH is the simplest organic acid and the first identified in the interstellar medium (Zuckerman et al. 1971, ApJ, 163, L41). It has been observed principally in star-forming regions such as Orion KL, Sgr B2, Sgr A, and W51 and is associated with → hot molecular cores and → massive star formation. Recently, it has also been shown to be present in some → hot corinos associated with formation of stars similar to our Sun. Due to the presence of carboxyl radical (COOH), it plays an important role in the pathway formation of → prebiotic molecules like amino acids, in the interstellar clouds and comets (see, e.g., Lattanzi et al. 2008, ApJS 176, 536).

From L. formica "ant," ultimately from from PIE *morwi-, *wormiko- "ant;" cf. Av. maoiri-; Mid.Per. môr; Pers. mur, murcé "ant;" Skt. vamra- "ant;" Gk. murmeks, wormikas; O.C.S. mraviji; O.Ir. moirb; O.N. maurr.

hydrocyanic acid
  اسید سیانیدریک   
asid siyânidrik (#)

Fr.: acide cyanhydrique   

Same as → hydrogen cyanide.

hydro-; → cyano-; → acid.

perchloric acid
  اسید پرکلریک   
asid perklorik (#)

Fr.: acide perchlorique   

A colorless liquid, HClO4, that reacts explosively with organic matter or other reducible materials.

perchlorate; → -ic; → acid.

prussic acid
  اسید پروسیک   
asid prusik (#)

Fr.: acide prussique   

Same as → hydrogen cyanide (HCN).

So called because it was first obtained from Prussian blue, Fe7(CN)18.

silicic acid
  اسید سیلیسیک   
asid silisik (#)

Fr.: acide silicique   

A general name for a family of chemical compounds containing the element silicon attached to oxide and hydroxyl groups.

silicic; → acid.

tartaric acid
  اسید تارتاریک   
asid târtârik (#)

Fr.: acide tartarique   

An organic acid with general chemical formula C4H6O6 that exists in four isomeric forms . The common form, d-tartaric acid, obtained from → tartar, is a white, soluble, crystalline solid. It occurs naturally in many plants, particularly in grapes, bananas, and tamarinds. It is also one of the main acids found in wine.

Tartaric, from → tartar; → acid.