An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 100
Q index
  دیشن ِ Q   
dišan-e Q

Fr.: indice Q   

In the Johnson → UBV system, a reddening-free parameter which is related to the → effective temperature of stars and thus provides a useful, but rough, discriminant for → spectral types. It is expressed as: Q = (U - B) - 0.72 (B - V).

index.

quadrangle
  چهارگوشه، چارگوش   
cahârgušé, cârguš

Fr.: quadrilatère   

A two-dimensional figure that consists of four points connected by straight lines. Same as → tetragon; see also → quadrilateral.

L.L. quadrangulum, noun use of neuter of L. quadrangulus, quadriangulus "four-cornered," from quadr- variant of quadri- before a vowel "four," akin to quattuor, → four, cognate with Pers. cahâr, as below; → angle.

Cahârgušé, cârguš "four-cornered," from cahâr, câr "four," cognate with L. quattuor, → four, + gušé, guš "corner, angle;" Mid.Pers. gôšak "corner."

Quadrans Muralis
  چارکان   
Cârakân

Fr.: Quadrant   

An obsolete → constellation created by the French astronomer Jérôme Lalande in 1795. He named it such for the main astronomical instrument, that is → mural quadrant, he used. Quadrans Muralis was located between the constellations → Boötes and → Draco. The name disappeared from astronomical catalogs, but the → meteor showerQuadrantids has kept that name.

mural quadrant.

quadrant
  چارَکان   
cârakân

Fr.: quadrant   

1) A quarter of a circle; an arc of 90°.
2) Any of the four parts into which a plane is divided by a pair of rectangular axes.
3) An instrument, usually containing a graduated arc of 90°, formerly used in astronomy and navigation to measure the angles and altitudes of stars. → mural quadrant.

M.E., from L. quadrantem (nominative quadrans) "fourth part."

Cârakân, from cârak + -ân. Cârak "quarter," literally "fourth, a fourth part of one," from câr, variant of cahâr, → four, cognate with L. quattuor, + -ak, contraction of yak "one," from Mid.Pers. êwak (Proto-Iranian *aiua-ka-); O.Pers. aiva- "one, alone;" Av. aēuua- "one, alone" (cf. Skt. éka- "one, alone, single;" Gk. oios "alone, lonely;" L. unus "one;" E. one); -ân nuance suffix.

Quadrantids
  چارکانیان   
Cârakâniyân

Fr.: Quadrantides   

An annual → meteor shower reaching a peak about 3 January and having its → radiant in the constellation → Boötes.

From L. Quadrant-, from Quadrans Muralis , → mural quadrant.

quadratic
  چاروشی   
câruši

Fr.: quadratique   

Of or relating to or resembling a → square.
Of, relating to, or containing terms with powers no higher than the power of two.

Quadratic, adj. of quadrate, from L. quadratus p.p. of quadrare "to make square."

Câruši pertaining to câruš "square," from Av. caθruša- "four sides (of a four-sided figure)," from caθru- "four," Mod.Pers. cahâr, câr "four," cognate with L. quattuor, → four.

quadratic equation
  هموگش ِ چاروشی   
hamugeš-e câruši

Fr.: équation quadratique   

An equation with the general form of ax2 + bx +c = 0, in which the highest power of the unknown is the second power (square).

quadratic; → equation.

quadratic formula
  دیسول ِ چاروشی   
disul-e câruši

Fr.: formule quadratique   

A formula relating the unknown part of a → quadratic equation (the roots of the equation, x) to the known parts (a, b, and c): x = (-b± (b2 - 4ac)½) / 2a.

quadratic; → formula.

quadrature
  ۱) چاروشش، چاروشی؛ ۲) نوَدان، چاروشش   
1) cârušeš, câruši; 2) navadân, cârušeš

Fr.: quadrature   

1) General: The process of making something square; the act of squaring.
2) Math.: The act or process of constructing a → square with an area equal to that of a specified surface, especially a surface bounded by a curve.
3) Astro.: The position of a planet or the Moon when it makes a 90° angle with the Sun as seen from Earth.

From L. quadratura, from quadrat(us) p.p. of quadrare "to make square."

1) Cârušeš verbal noun of cârušidan "to square," from câruš "square," from Av. caθruša-, → quadratic.
Câruši quality noun of câruš "square," as preceding.
2) Navadân, from navad "ninety," referring to the longitude difference of 90° (Mid.Pers. nawad; Av. nauuaiti- "ninety," from nauua- "nine" (Mod.Pers. noh); cf. Skt. navati- "ninety") + -ân suffix of place and time.

quadrature of the circle
  چاروشش ِ پرهون، ~ ِ دایره   
cârušeš-e parhun, ~ dâyeré

Fr.: quadrature du cercle   

Constructing a square whose area equals that of a given circle. This was one of the three geometric problems of antiquity. It was finally proved to be an impossible problem when π was proven to be transcendental by Lindemann in 1882. Same as → squaring the circle.

quadrature; → circle.

quadrilateral
  چهاربر، چاربر   
cahârbar (#), cârbar(#)

Fr.: quadrilatère   

A plane figure bounded by four straight lines.

From L. quadrilater(us) "four-sided," from L. quattuor, → four, + → lateral.

quadruple
  چهارتا، چهارتایی   
cahârtâ (#), cahârtâyi (#)

Fr.: quadruple   

Fourfold; consisting of four parts.

M.E. from L. quadruplus, from quadru- + duple, from duplus, from du(o) "two" + -plus "fold."

Cahârtâ, from cahâr, → four, cognate with L. quattuor, + "fold, plait, ply; piece, part" (Mid.Pers. tâg "piece, part").

quadruple system
  راژمان ِ چهارتایی   
râžmân-e cahârtâyi

Fr.: système quadruple   

A stellar system consisting of four stars orbiting around a common → center of mass.

quadruple; → system.

quadrupolar
  چهارقطبه، چهارقطبه‌ای   
cahârqotbé (#), cahârqotbe-yi (#)

Fr.: quadrupolaire   

Of or pertaining to a → quadrupole, especially a → quadrupole moment.

quadrupole + -ar, → -al.

quadrupole
  چهارقطبه   
cahârqotbé (#)

Fr.: quadrupôle   

A set of either two → electric dipoles or two → magnetic dipoles in close proximity to each other arranged with alternating polarities and acting as a single unit. Quadrupole interactions are much smaller than dipole interactions, but can allow transitions forbidden in dipole moment transitions.

From L. quadru-, variant of quadri- "four" + → pole, on the model of → dipole.

Cahâr, → four, + qotb, → pole + noun/nuance suffix .

quadrupole anisotropy
  نا-ایزوگردی ِ چهارقطبه   
nâ-izogardi-ye cahârqotbé

Fr.: anisotropie quadrupolaire   

The → anisotropy which is at the origin of the → cosmic microwave background polarization. The quadrupole anisotropy could arise from three types of perturbations: → scalar perturbation, → vector perturbation, and → tensor perturbation

quadrupole; → anisotropy.

quadrupole lens
  عدسی ِ چهارقطبه   
adasi-ye cahârqotbé

Fr.: lentille quadrupôle   

A device, consisting of four → electrodes or → magnetic poles arranged in alternating → polarity, that focuses a beam of → charged particles.

quadrupole; → lens.

quadrupole moment
  گشتاور ِ چهارقطبه   
gaštâvar-e cahârqotbé

Fr.: moment quadrupolaire   

A quantity characterizing an electric charge distribution, determined by the product of the charge density, the second power of the distance from the origin, and a spherical harmonic over the charge distribution.

quadrupole; → moment.

quake
  لرزیدن؛ لرزه، لرز   
larzidan; larzé, larz

Fr.: trembler; tremblement   

1) To shake or tremble.
2) The act or an instance of quaking. → earthquake, → starquake.

M.E., from O.E. cwacian "to shake, tremble," of unknown origin.

Larzidan, larz "to tremble, shiver," → seismo-.

qualification
  چونایش   
cunâyeš

Fr.: qualification   

1) A quality, accomplishment, etc., that fits a person for some function, office, or the like.
2) A circumstance or condition required by law or custom for getting, having, or exercising a right, holding an office, or the like.
3) The act of qualifying; state of being qualified (Dictionary.com).

qualify; → -tion.


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