An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 1358
concur
  هاتزیدن   
hâtazidan

Fr.: concourir   

1) To be of the same opinion; agree.
2) To act together to a common object or effect.

From L. concurrere "to run together, assemble hurriedly; fight," from → com- "together" + currere "to run."

Hâtazidan, from hâ-, variant of ham- "together," → com-, + taz-, variant of tâz-, tâxtan "to run; to hasten; to assault," → flow.

concurrence
  هاتزش   
hâtazeš

Fr.: concours   

The act of concurring; accordance in opinion; agreement.

Verbal noun of → concur.

concurrent
  هاتزنده   
hâtazandé

Fr.: concourant   

1) Existing, happening, or done at the same time.
2) Acting in conjunction; cooperating. → concurrent forces.

Verbal adj. from → concur.

concurrent forces
  نیروهای ِ هاتزنده   
niruhâ-ye hâtazandé

Fr.: forces concourantes   

A system of forces applied to a → rigid body in such manner that their lines of action intersect at a single point. A system of concurrent forces acting on a rigid body can be replaced by an equivalent force applied at the same point. → line of action.

concurrent; → force.

condemn
  اراختن، ارازیدن   
erâxtan (#), erâzidan (#)

Fr.: condamner   

1) To express an unfavorable or adverse judgment on; indicate strong disapproval of.
2) To pronounce to be guilty; sentence to punishment (Dictionary.com).

M.E., from O.Fr. condamner "to condemn," from L. condemnare "to sentence, blame, disapprove," from → com- intensive prefix + damnare "to harm, damage."

Erâxtan, erâzidan, from Mid.Pers. êrâxtan, êrâžinidan "to condemn" (Parthian êranz- " to condemn, damn, blame, conquer"); ultimately from Proto-Ir. *api-raic-, from *raic- "to leave, abandon," cf. Av. raēc- "to leave;" Pers. parhiz "to keep away from, abstain, avoid," gorixtan, goriz- "to escape."

condemnation
  ارازش   
erâzeš

Fr.: condamnation   

The act of condemning; the state of being condemned.

Verbal noun of → condemn.

condensate
  چگالاک   
cagâlâk

Fr.: condensat   

A substance formed by condensation, such as a liquid reduced from a gas or vapor.

From L. condensatus, p.p. of condensare, → condense.

Cagâlâk, from present stem of cagâlidan, → condense, + suffix -âk (on the model of xorâk, pušâk, kâvâk, dârâk, suzâk, xâšak, maqâk).

condensation
  چگالش   
cagâleš (#)

Fr.: condensation   

1) General: The act of making more dense or compact.
2) Physics: The physical process by which a vapor becomes a liquid; the opposite of → evaporation. → sublimation; → deposition.
3) Acoustics: The ratio of the instantaneous excess of density to the normal density at a point in a medium transmitting longitudinal sound waves. → rarefaction.
4) Chemistry: Chemical change in which two or more molecules react with the elimination of water or of some other simple substance.
5) Meteorology: Any process by which water vapor changes to dew, fog, or cloud.

Verbal noun from → condense; → -tion.

condensation nucleus
  هسته‌ی ِ چگالش   
haste-ye cagâleš

Fr.: noyau de condensation   

A tiny suspended particle in the → atmosphere around which → water vapor condenses to form → droplets. Condensation nuclei are usually less than about 0.001 mm in diameter and can be made of → ice, → salt, → dust, and other materials. The droplets that form can be liquid water or ice, depending on the surrounding temperature. When the number of these droplets is large enough, a cloud is visible.

condensation; → nucleus.

condensation of vapor
  چگالش ِ بخار   
cagâleš-e boxâr (#)

Fr.: condensation de vapeur   

Change of vapor into liquid. It takes place when the pressure of the vapor becomes equal to the maximum vapor pressure of the liquid at that temperature.

condensation; → vapor.

condense
  چگالیدن   
cagâlidan (#)

Fr.: condenser   

General: (v.tr.) To reduce the volume of, to make more concise. (v.intr.) To become more compact, to undergo condensation.
Physics: To cause a gas or vapor to change to a liquid. To remove water from a substance.

L. condensare "to make dense," from → com- intensive prefix + densare "make thick," from densus, → dense.

Cagâlidan from cagâl "dense, thick," of unknown etymology, + -idan infinitive suffix.

condensed
  چگالیده   
cagâlidé (#)

Fr.: condensé   

Relating to or produced by → condensation.

Adj. from → condense.

condensed matter
  ماده‌ی ِ چگالیده   
mâdeh-ye cagâlidé (#)

Fr.: matière condensée   

Matter in the liquid or solid state.

condensed; → matter.

condition
  بوتار   
butâr

Fr.: condition   

1) Physics: The state of a physical system at a given time. Also called → physical condition.
2) Math: A premise, statement, or restriction upon which a mathematical result or consequence depends. → initial conditions; → boundary conditions.

From O.Fr. condition, from L. condicionem (nom. condicio) "agreement, situation," from condicere "to speak with, talk together," from → com- "together" + dicere "to speak," from PIE *deik- "to point out;" cf. Av. daēs- "to show; assign; make known," Skt. dis- "to show, point toward," disati "shows," Gk. deiknunai "to show," O.H.G. zeigon, Ger. zeigen "to show," E. token "indication, sign."

Butâr, from Mid.Pers. but past tense stem of butan Mod.Pers. budan "to be, become," → exist, + -âr noun suffix (as in raftâr, jostâr, goftâr, kerdâr).

conditional
  بوتاری، بوتارمند   
butâri, butârmand

Fr.: conditionnel   

1) Imposing, containing, subject to, or depending on a condition or conditions; not absolute; made or allowed on certain terms.
2a) Logic: (of a proposition) Asserting that the existence or occurrence of one thing or event depends on the existence or occurrence of another thing or event.
2b) (of a → syllogism) Containing at least one → conditional proposition as a → premise (Dictionary.com).
2c) The "if ... then" relation.

condition; → -al.

conditional introduction
  اندرهازش ِ بوتاری   
andarhâzeš-e butâri

Fr.: introduction conditionnelle   

A derivation rule that begins with an → assumption in a → subproof and allows for deriving a conditional outside the subproof. The derived conditional consists of the assumed proposition as the → antecedent and the derived conclusion in the subproof as the → consequent.

conditional; → introduction.

conditional probability
  شوانایی ِ بوتاری   
šavânâyi-ye butâri

Fr.: probabilité conditionnelle   

Of an event B in relationship to an event A, the probability that event B occurs given that event A has already occurred. The notation for conditional probability is P(B|A), read as the probability of B given A: P(B|A) = P(A ∩ B)/P(A). → Bayes' theorem.

conditional; → probability.

conditional proof
  آوین ِ بوتاری   
âvin-e butâri

Fr.: preuve conditionnelle   

A → proof in which one assumes the → truth of one of the → premises to show that if that premise is true then the → argument is → valid.

conditional; → proof.

conditional proposition
  گزاره‌ی ِ بوتاری   
gozâre-ye butâri

Fr.: proposition conditionelle   

A compound → proposition in which one → clause asserts something as true provided that the other clause is true. A conditional statement consists of two parts, a hypothesis in the "if" clause and a conclusion in the "then"clause. For instance, "If it rains, then they cancel school." It rains is the hypothesis. "They cancel school" is the conclusion. The clause following if is traditionally called the → antecedent, whereas the clause following then is called the → consequent.

conditional; → proposition.

conduct
  هاختن، هازیدن   
hâxtan, hâzidan

Fr.: conduire   

(v.tr.) To direct the course of; to lead or guide. To serve as a medium for conveying; transmit.
(v.intr.) To act as a conductor.

From L. conductus, p.p. of conducere "to lead or bring together," from → com- "together" + ducere "to lead."

Hâxtan, hâzidan, from Mid.Pers. "to lead, guide, persuade," Av. hak-, hacaiti "to attach oneself to, to join," cf. Skt. sacate "accompanies, follows," Gk. hepesthai "to follow,", L. sequi "to follow;" PIE *sekw-.

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