An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 1358
container
  پربنگر، پربننده   
parbangar, parbanandé

Fr.: container   

1) Anything that contains or can contain something, as a carton, box, crate, or can.
2) A large, vanlike, reuseable box for consolidating smaller crates or cartons into a single shipment, designed for easy and fast loading and unloading of freight (Dictionary.com).

contain; → -er.

contemplate
  درنگریستن   
darnegaristan (#)

Fr.: contempler   

1) To look at with continued attention.
2) To think about intently and at length.

From L. contemplatus, from contemplari "to gaze attentively, observe," from → com- + templum "space marked out for observation of auguries."

Darnegaristan "contemplate, think deeply," from prefix dar- "→ in-, into," + negaristan "to look," → theory.

contemplation
  درنگرش   
darnegareš (#)

Fr.: contemplation   

The act of contemplating; thoughtful observation.

Verbal noun of → contemplate.

content
  پربنه   
parbané

Fr.: contenu   

1) Something that is contained.
2) The topics or matter treated in a written work.

M.E., from L. contentum from p.p. of continere, → contain.

contest
  ۱) هابَرد؛ ۲) هابَردیدن   
1) hâbard; 2) hâbardidan

Fr.: combat, lutte; contester, disputer   

1a) A race, conflict, or other competition between rivals, as for a prize.
1b) Struggle for victory or superiority.
1c) Strife in argument; dispute; controversy.
2a) To struggle or fight for, as in battle.
2b) To argue against; dispute (Dictionary.com).

From Fr. contester "to dispute, oppose," from M.Fr., from L. contestari "to call to witness, bring action," from → com- "together" + testari "to bear witness," from testis "a witness."

Hâbard, from hâ-, variant ham- "together," → com-, + bard "to fight, to struggle," cf. nabard, nibard "fight, struggle, war," variants nâvard, âvard, ultimately from Proto-Ir. *part- "to fight, to struggle."

context
  بافتار   
bâftâr (#)

Fr.: contexte   

The parts of a written or spoken statement that precede or follow a specific word or passage, usually influencing its meaning or effect (Dictionary.com).

From L. contextus "a joining together," originally p.p. of contexere "to weave together," from → com- "together" + texere "to weave, to make", → texture.

Bâftâr, verbal noun from bâftan "to weave," → texture.

Conti scenario
  سناریوی ِ کونتی   
senâryo-ye Conti

Fr.: scénario de Conti   

A scenario according to which the existence of peculiar → Wolf-Rayet stars could be explained by intense → mass loss that characterizes → massive stars. An → O-type star loses a significant amount of mass via → stellar winds, revealing first the CNO-burning products at its surface, and subsequently the → helium burning products. These two stages are spectroscopically identified with the → WN Wolf-Rayet and → WC Wolf-Rayet phases. A version of the scenario would be:
M> 85 Msun: O → LBV → WN → WC → SN
40 >M> 85 Msun: O → WN → WC → SN
25 >M> 40 Msun: O → RSG → WN → WC → SN
20 >M> 25 Msun: O → RSG → WN → SN
10 >M> 20 Msun: OB → RSG → BSG → SN.
The mass ranges shown are meant only to be illustrative; they are a function of → metallicity (see, e.g., Philip Massey, 2003, ARAA 41, 15).

Peter S. Conti, 1976, Mem. Soc. R. Sci. Liège, 6, Ser. 9, 193; scenario, from It. scenario, from L.L. scenarius "of stage scenes," from L. scena "scene."

continent
  قاره   
qâré (#)

Fr.: continent   

Any of the large, continuous land areas of the Earth. They are usually considered to be seven: Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Australia, and Antarctica.

Contraction of L. terra continens "continuous land," from continens, pr.p. of continere "to hold together," from → com- "together" + tenere "to hold, to keep, to maintain" from PIE root *ten- "to stretch;" → tension.

Qâré, from Ar. qârrat.

continental
  قاره‌ای   
qâre-yi (#)

Fr.: continental   

Of or of the nature of a continent.

continent; → -al.

continental crust
  پوسته‌ی ِ اقیانوسی   
puste-ye qâre-yi (#)

Fr.: croûte continentale   

The part of the → Earth's crust which underlies the → continents. Continental crust is more silica-rich and thicker than → oceanic crust, and is on average older. However, it is highly variable in all of these respects. The average thickness of the continental crust is about 40km, but beneath parts of the Andes and the Himalaya mountain ranges the crust is more than 70 km thick. Continental crust is continuously being eroded and turned into sediment. Some of this sediment ends up on the ocean floor where it can be returned to the → Earth's mantle at → subduction zones. The oldest parts of the continental crust include some rocks that are nearly 4 billion years old. New continental crust is produced by the destruction of oceanic crust at subduction zones, a process that continues today.

continental; → crust.

continental drift
  دلک ِ قاره‌ها   
delek-e qârehâ

Fr.: dérive de continents   

A hypothesis proposed by Alfred Wegener (1912) suggesting that the → continents are not stationary, but drift through time. Wegener's hypothesis has since been developed and included in a new theory called → plate tectonics.

continental; → drift.

contingency
  آمرسانی   
âmarsâni

Fr.: contingence   

In logic, a → proposition that may be either true or false, and is not necessarily one or the other.

Noun of → contingent.

contingent
  آمرسان   
âmarsân

Fr.: contigent   

1) Dependent for existence, occurrence, character, etc., on something not yet certain; conditional.
2) Liable to happen or not; uncertain; possible.
3) Logic: Describing a → proposition that is → true in some possible circumstances and → false in others. For example, "it snowed in Paris on 15 December 2000" is contingent: it is true, but it might have been false. On a → truth table a contingent proposition is one that is true for some possible → truth values of its constituent parts and false for others. See also → non-contingent.

M.E., from M.Fr. contingent and directly from L. contingentem (nominative contingens) "happening, touching," pr.p. of contingere "to touch," → contact.

Âmarsân, agent noun from *âmarsidan "to touch," related to parmâsidan "to touch, feel," → contact, Mid.Pers. marz "contact, touching," marzitan "to touch," Mod.Pers. mâlidan "to rub," Av. marəz- "to rub, wipe," marəza- "border, district," Mod.Pers. marz "border;" ultimately from Proto-Ir. *Hmars- "to touch."

continuation
  پیداشت؛ پیداد   
peydâšt; peydâd

Fr.: continuation   

The act or state of continuing; the state of being continued.

Verbal noun of → continue + → -tion.

continue
  ۱) پیداشتن؛ ۲) پیدادن   
1) peydâštan; 2) peydâdan

Fr.: continuer   

1) (v.intr) To go on or keep on without interruption as in some course or action.
2) (v.trans) To cause to remain in a particular condition.

M.E. contynuen, from O.Fr. continuer, from L. continuare "to make all one, join together, make or be continuous," from continuus "uninterrupted," from continere "to be uninterrupted," literally "to hold together," from → con- + tenere "to hold," cognate with Pers. tanidan, → tension.

1) Peydâštan, from pey "after; pursuit; track; step," → tracking, + dâštan "to have, hold, maintain," → access.
2) Peydâdan, from pey, as above, + dâdan "to give, yield, grant, command," → yield.

continued
  پیداشته   
peydâšté

Fr.: continue   

Continuing to happen or exist for a long time. Occurring many times.

Past participle of → continue.

continued fraction
  برخه‌ی ِ پیداشته   
barxe-ye peydâšté

Fr.: fraction continue   

In mathematics, a fraction whose numerator is an integer and whose denominator is an integer plus a fraction whose numerator is an integer and whose denominator is an integer plus a fraction and so on.

continued; → fraction.

continuous
  پیوسته   
peyvasté (#)

Fr.: continu   

1) General: Uninterrupted in extent, sequence, or time.
2) Math.: A line or curve that extends without a break. → continuous function.

From L. continuus "uninterrupted," from contin(ere) "to hold together, retain," → continue, + -uus verbal adj. suffix.

Peyvasté "continous," peyvastan "to connect, join," Mid.Pers. paywastan, from *pati-basta-, from suffix pati- (Mid.Pers. pât-,from O.Pers. paity "agaist, back, opposite to, toward, face to face, in front of," Av. paiti, akin to Skt. práti "toward, against, again, back, in return, opposite," Pali pati-, Gk. proti, pros "face to face with, toward, in addition to, near;" PIE *proti) + basta- "tied, shut" (Av./O.Pers. band- "to bind, fetter," banda- "band, tie," Skt. bandh- "to bind, tie, fasten," PIE *bhendh- "to bind," cf. Ger. binden, E. bind), cf. Skt. prati-bandh- "to tie."

continuous data
  داده‌های ِ پیوسته   
dâdehâ-ye peyvasté

Fr.: données continues   

Data that can take any value along a continuum (e.g. air temperature between two upper and lower boundaries) as opposed to → discrete data, which can only take integer values.

continuous; → data.

continuous function
  کریای ِ پیوسته   
karyâ-ye peyvasté

Fr.: fonction continue   

The function y = f(x) is called continuous at the point x = x0 if it is defined in some neighborhood of the point x0 and if lim Δy = 0 when Δx → 0.

continuous; → function.


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