An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
annular-total eclipse
  خورگرفت ِ حلقه‌وار-هماک   
xorgereft-e halqevâr-hamâk

Fr.: éclipse annulaire-totale   

A solar eclipse that has both annular and total phases. Same as → hybrid eclipse.

annular; → total; → eclipse.

annularity
  حلقه‌واری   
halqevâri

Fr.: annularité   

The maximum phase of an → annular eclipse during which the Moon's entire disk is seen silhouetted against the Sun. Annularity is the period between second and → third contact during an annular eclipse. It can last from a fraction of a second to a maximum of 12 minutes 29 seconds (F. Espenak, NASA).

annular; → -ity.

anode
  آنود   
ânod (#)

Fr.: anode   

An → electrode from which a stream of → electrons leaves, as in an electron tube or electrolytic cell. → cathode.

From Gk. anodos "way up," from → ana- "up" + hodos "way."

Ânod, loanword from anode as above.

anomalistic month
  ماه ِ پیرازمینی   
mâh-e pirâzamini

Fr.: mois anomalistique   

The time interval of 27.554 551 days (27d 13h 18m 33.2s), on average, between two successive passages of the Moon through the → perigee of its orbit.

Anomalistic from → anomaly.

Pirâzamini from pirâzamin, → perigee.

anomalistic year
  سال ِ پیراهوری   
sâl-e pirâhuri

Fr.: année anomalistique   

Anomalistic from → anomaly.

Pirâhuri from pirâhur, → perihelion.

anomalous
  ناسان   
nâsân

Fr.: anormal   

Deviating from the normal or common order, form, or rule. → anomaly.

From Gk. anomalos "uneven, irregular," from → an- "not" + homalos "even," from homos "same".

Nâsân, from Pers. nâ- "not" + sân "rule, custom, law, fashion," literally "out of rule".

anomalous dispersion
  پاشش ِ ناسان   
pâšeš-e nâsân

Fr.: dispesrion anormale   

The phenomenon whereby the → refractive index of light in a medium changes rapidly with wavelength in the vicinity of an → absorption band. Hence the → dispersion curve of the substance shows marked deviations from → Cauchy's equation, in contrast with the behavior of → normal dispersion. On the shorter λ side of the absorption band the refractive index falls off more rapidly than required by Cauchy's equation representing values of n for visible light. On the long λ side of the absorption band the index is very high, decreasing at first rapidly and then more slowly as one goes beyond the absorption band.

anomalous; → dispersion.

anomalous luminosity effect
  اسکر ِ تابندگی ِ ناسان   
oskar-e tâbandegi-ye nâsân

Fr.: effet luminosité anormale   

Discrepant luminosity classes derived for the same → Am star when different criteria are used. Lore specifically, a luminosity criterion may indicate a → giant star, wheras another criterion indicates a → supergiant.

anomalous; → luminosity; → effect.

anomalous redshift
  سرخ-کیب ِ ناسان   
sorx-kib-e nâsân

Fr.: décalage anormal vers le rouge   

The high redshift of a quasar which is seemingly physically associated with a galaxy of low redshift.

anomalous; → redshift.

anomalous X-ray pulsar (AXP)
  پولسار ِ پرتوهای ِ ایکس ِ ناسان   
pulsâr-e pertwâ-ye iks-e nâsân

Fr.: pulsar X anormal   

A member of a small class of → X-ray pulsars with long rotation periods (6-12 seconds), short → spin-down times (~ 103-105 years), and → soft X-ray spectrum. AXPs show no evidence of being → X-ray binary systems. Their magnetic fields, as deduced from their spin-down rate, are the highest known, reaching 1013-1015 → gauss. AXPs are generally believed to be → magnetars.

anomalous; → X-ray; → pulsar.

anomalous Zeeman effect
  اُسکر ِ زیمن ِ ناسان   
oskar-e Zeeman-e nâsân

Fr.: effet Zeeman anormal   

The splitting of a spectral line into several components in the → Zeeman effect when the magnetic field is weak. The splitting is much more complex than in the normal effect. The number of components of the lines often considerably exceeds their number in the normal effect. Contrarily to the normal Zeeman effect, the anomalous effect cannot be explained by classical theory. The historically "anomalous" effect is accounted for by the inclusion of electron spin in the total angular moment. In fact the idea of electron spin was put forward (Uhlenbeck and Goudsmit, 1926) to explain the anomalous Zeeman effect.

anomalous; → Zeeman effect.

anomaly
  ناسانی   
nâsâni (#)

Fr.: anomalie   

In general, a deviation from the norm.
An angle that gives the position of an object in an elliptical orbit at any given time with respect to its primary. The true anomaly is the angle between the periapsis of an orbit and the object's current orbital position, measured from the body being orbited and in the direction of orbital motion. The mean anomaly is what the true anomaly would be if the object orbited in a perfect circle at constant speed.

Anomaly from → anomalous

Nâsâni, from nâ- negation suffix + sân "rule, law, custom" + -i noun maker suffix.

anonymous
  انام، بینام   
anâm, binâm

Fr.: anonyme   

Having an unknown or unacknowledged name. → anonymous object.

L. annymus, from Gk. annumos "nameless," from → an- "without" + onoma, onuma "name". Compare with L. nomen, Skt. nama, Av. nama, Mod. Pers. nâm, PIE *nomen "name".

Anâm, from Persian → a-, an- "without" + nâm "name," as above. Binâm, from bi- "without" + nâm.

anonymous object
  بر‌آخت ِ انام، ~ بینام   
barâxt-e anâm, ~ binâm

Fr.: objet anonyme   

An → astronomical object which has not been catalogued.

anonymous; → object.

ansa
  دستک   
dastak

Fr.: anse   

Plural form: ansae.
1) The "handles," or extremities, of → Saturn's rings as viewed from Earth.
2) The extremities of a → lenticular galaxy.

L. ansa "handle."

Dastak "handle," from dast "hand" (Mid.Pers. dast; O.Pers. dasta-; Av. zasta-; cf. Skt. hásta-; Gk. kheir; L. praesto "at hand;" Arm. jern "hand;" Lith. pa-žastis "arm-pit;" PIE *ghes-to-) + -ak suffix denoting relation, affinity, similarity.

ansatz
  آنزاتس   
ânzâts

Fr.: ansatz   

In physics and mathematics an a priori assumption that is used to establish the form of an equation or a system of equations. The ansatz, which is verified later by the result, is meant to facilitate the solution. → Bethe ansatz.

From Ger. Ansatz "attempt, approach, beginning."

antapex
  پادچکاد   
pâdcakâd

Fr.: antiapex   

The direction in the sky (in → Columba) away from which the Sun seems to be moving (at a speed of 19.4 km/s) relative to general field stars in the Galaxy.

Antapex from L. ant-, → anti- "against, opposite," + L. → apex "summit, peak, tip."

Pâdcakâd from pâd-, → anti- + cakâd "summit of a mountain; top, crown of the head, top of the forehead," from Mid.Pers. cakât "summit," → apex.

Antarctic
  دشترگان، جنوبگان   
Daštargân, Jonubgân (#)

Fr.: Antarctique   

The south polar area, south of latitude 66° 33' 8'' S.

Antarctic, from O.Fr. antartique, from M.L. antarcticus, from Gk. antarktikos "opposite the north," from → anti- "opposite" + arktikos, → arctic.

Daštargân, from daštar, → south, + -gân suffix indicating the direction.
Jonubgân, from jonub "south," from Ar. janub "south," + -gân, as above.

Antares (α Scorpii)
  کژدمدل، قلب‌العقرب   
Každom-del, Qalb-ol-Aqrab

Fr.: Antarès   

A → red supergiant star (→ spectral type M1 Ib) in the constellation → Scorpius, lying about 500 → light-years (170 (+35/-25) → parsecs) from Earth. It has a dwarf massive companion (B3 V), which is a → radio source.

Antares, in Gk. "rival of Mars," from Gk. → anti + Ares "the Gk. god of War, called Mars by the Romans." The comparison with the planet Mars is because they are both red in color and have the same brightness.

Každom-del "the heart of the Scorpion," from každom "scorpion" + del, → heart. Qalb-ol-'Aqrab "the heart of the Scorpion," from Ar. Qalb "heart" + 'aqrab "scorpion".

antecedent
  پیشای، پیش‌آی   
pišây

Fr.: antécédent   

Logic: In a → conditional proposition, the → clause which follows if.

M.E., from from L. antecedentem, from antecedere "go before, precede," from ante- "before" + cedere "to yield, to go," → process.

Pišây, from piš "before," → pre-, + ây present stem of âmadan "to come," → process.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>