An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 435 Search : ad
ADaptive Optics Near Infrared System (ADONIS)
     

Fr.: ADaptive Optics Near Infrared System (ADONIS)   

An → adaptive optics instrument used on the → European Southern Observatory (ESO) 3.6-m telescope at La Silla. It was an upgraded version of COME-ON-PLUS, the → Very Large Telescope (VLT) adaptive optics prototype. It had 52 → actuators and performed corrections of the mirror 200 times per second. The reference → wavefront was sensed in the → visible. The observation was done in the → near-infrared (1-5 μm).

adaptive; → optics; → near-infrared; → system.

adaptive optics system
  راژمان ِ نوریک ِ نیاوشی   
râžmân-e nurik-e niyâveši

Fr.: système d'optique adaptative   

An → optical system that uses → adaptive optics.

adaptive; → optics; → system.

add
  برداییدن، افزودن   
bardâyidan, afzudan

Fr.: ajouter   

1) To unite or so as to bring about an increase.
2) To increase a number by another number using addition, which leads to a → sum.

M.E. adden, from L. addere "add to, join," from → ad- "to" + -dere combining form meaning "to put, place," from dare "to give, grant," from PIE base *do- "to give" (cf. Av. and O.Pers. dâ- "to give, grant, yield," Av. dadâiti "he gives," Skt. dadâti "he gives," Gk. didomi "I give," L. do "I give").

Bardâyidan, from bar- "on; up; upon; in, into; at; forth," → on-, + O.Pers./Av. dā- "to give, grant, put," dadāiti "he gives;" Mid.Pers./Mod.Pers. dâdan "to give, put" (cf. Skt. dadáti "he gives;" Gk. tithenai "to place, put, set," didomi "I give;" L. dare "to give, offer;" Rus. delat' "to do;" O.H.G. tuon, Ger. tun, O.E. don "to do;" PIE base *dhe- "to put, to do") + -y-, epenthetic vowel, + infinitive suffix -idan.
Afzudan, → increase.

addend
  بردایه   
bardâyé

Fr.: quantité ajoutée   

A number or quantity to be added to another. In the expression 5 + 3, both 5 and 3 are addends.

From L. addendus "that which is to be added," → add.

Bardâyé, from present stem bardây-, → add, + noun forming suffix .

addition
  بردایش   
bardâyeš

Fr.: addition   

The operation of combining two or more quantities to obtain a third quantity called their → sum. The result of adding.

Verbal noun of → add.

addition sign
  نشان ِ بردایش   
nešân-e bardâyeš

Fr.: signe d'addition   

The → plus sign +. It is believed to be a shortened form of the letters e and t in the L. word et, which, in early German manuscripts was the term for addition. The signs + and - were first used by Johann Wiedmann in 1489.

addition; → sign.

additive
  ۱) بردایشی؛ ۲) بردایه   
1) bardâyeši; 2) bardâyé

Fr.: additif   

1) Involving → addition.
2) Something added to a substance to alter or improve it.

From L. additivus "added, annexed," from p.p. stem of addere, → add; → -ive.

1) Related to bardâyeš, → addition; 2) from bardây- prsent stem of bardâyidan, → add, + nuance suffix.

additive color
  رنگ ِ بردایشی   
rang-e bardâyeši

Fr.: synthèse additive   

Color created by mixing light rays of different colors. Combining all the color rays of light results in white light. See also → subtractive color.

additive; → color.

additive identity
  ایدانی ِ بردایشی   
idâni-ye bardâyeši

Fr.: identité additive   

The number which can be added to any other number without changing the magnitude of that number: zero. → multiplicative identity.

additive; → identity.

additive law of probability
  قانون ِ بردایشی ِ شوانایی   
qânun-e bardâyeši-ye šavânâyi

Fr.: loi additive de probabilité   

If E1, E2, ..., En are n → mutually exclusive events, then the probability of occurrence of at least one of them is the sum of their individual probabilities: P(E1 + E2 + ... + En) = P(E1) + P(E2) + ... + P(En).

additive; → law; → probability.

Adhara (ε Canis Majoris)
  عذارا   
Azârâ (#)

Fr.: Adhara   

A binary star, in the constellation → Canis Major, 470 → light-years distant from Earth. The main star possesses an apparent magnitude of +1.5 and belongs to the spectral classification B2 II. The +7.5 magnitude companion star is 7''.5 apart from the main star.

Adhara, from Ar. adhârâ "virgins," plural of adhrâ' "virgin".

Azârâ, from Ar. Adhara.

adhere
  آدوسیدن   
âdusidan

Fr.: adhérer   

1) To stay attached; stick fast; cling.
2) Physics: (of two or more dissimilar substances) to be united by a molecular force acting in the area of contact (→ adhesion).

From M.Fr. adhérer or directly from L. adhaerere "to stick to," from → ad- + haerere "to stick."

Âdusidan, from intensive/nuance prefix â- + dusidan (Dehxodâ) "to stick, to adhere," maybe related to Proto-Ir. *dauc- "to sew;" Pers. duxtan, duz- "to sew."

adherence
  آدوسی   
âdusi

Fr.: adhérence   

1) The act or state of adhering; adhesion.
2) The quality of adhering; steady devotion, support, or attachment (Dictionary.com).

adhere + -ence, → -ance.

adherent
  آدوسنده   
âdusandé

Fr.: adhérent   

1) A person who follows or upholds a leader, cause, etc.; supporter; follower.
2) Sticking; clinging; adhering (Dictionary.com).

From O.Fr. adherent or directly from L. adhaerentem pr.p. of adhaerere "to stick to," → adhere.

Âdusandé, from âdusidan, → adhere.

adhesion
  آدوسش   
âduseš

Fr.: adhésion   

1) The act or state of adhering; state of being adhered or united.
2) Steady or devoted attachment, support, etc.; adherence.
3) Physics: The molecular force of attraction in the area of contact between unlike bodies that acts to hold them together (Dictionary.com). See also → cohesion.

Verbal noun from → adhere; → -tion.

adhesive
  آدوسنده، آدوسشی   
âdusandé, âduseši

Fr.: adhésif   

1) Of or pertaining to the molecular force → adhesion.
2) A substance used for sticking objects or materials together; glue.

Adjective from → adhere.

adhesive force
  نیروی ِ آدوسش   
niru-ye âduseš

Fr.: force adhésive   

The force of → attraction between molecules of different substances; for example, the force between the molecules of a solid and a liquid. When water is poured on clean glass, it tends to spread, forming a thin, uniform film over the surface. This is because the adhesive forces between water and glass are strong enough to pull the water molecules out of their spherical formation and hold them against the surface of the glass, thus avoiding the repulsion between like molecules.

adhesive; → force.

Adhil
  ذیل   
Zeyl

Fr.: Adhil   

A → late-type → giant star of → spectral type K0-IIIb in → Andromeda. Other designations: ξ (Xi) Andromedae, HR 390, and HD 8207. → Visual magnitude = 4.88, B - V = +1.08.

From Ar. Al-dhayl "skirt of a garment; tail."

adiabatic
  بی‌دررو   
bidarrow (#)

Fr.: adiabatique   

A → thermodynamic process that occurs without → loss or → gain of → heat.
See also: → adiabatic change, → adiabatic index, → adiabatic initial conditions, → adiabatic phase, → adiabatic process, → adiabatic shock, → adiabatic temperature gradient, → superadiabatic temperature gradient.

From Gk. adiabatos "impassable," from a- "not" + diabatos "passable," from diabainein "to go across," from dia- " through" + bainein "to go."

Bidarrow from bi- "not; without" + darrow "way out," from dar "out" + row "to go, going," from raftan "to go."

adiabatic change
  دگرشد ِ بی‌دررو، دگرش ِ ~   
degaršod-e bidarrow, degareš-e ~

Fr.: changement adiabatique   

A change taking place in a system that has perfect thermal insulation, so that heat cannot enter or leave the system and energy can only be transferred by work.

adiabatic; → change.


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