An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

   Homepage   
   


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Number of Results: 18 Search : population
birth binary population (BBP)
  پرینش ِ دورین‌ها هنگام ِ زادمان   
porineš-e dorinhâ hengâm-e zâdmân

Fr.: population binaire à la naissance   

In star formation models, the population of binary components formed via random pairing of stars distributed according to the → canonical IMF.

birth; → binary; → population.

complex population
  پرینش ِ همتافت   
porineš-e hamtâft

Fr.: population complexe   

Same as → composite population.

complex; → population.

composite population
  پرینش ِ همنهاده   
porineš-e hamnehâdé

Fr.: population composite   

A stellar population consisting of more than one → simple population. Also called complex population.

composite; → population.

disk population
  پرینش ِ گرده، ~ ِ دیسک   
porineš-e gerdé, ~ disk

Fr.: population disque   

Of a spiral galaxy, those stars that lie in a flattened disk and move in nearly circular orbits around its centre. They are Population I stars of all ages up to the age of the disk, but in general are younger than stars in → halo population.

disk; population, from L.L. populationem "a people, multitude," from populatio, from populare "to inhabit," from populus "people," related to plebes "the common people," cf. Gk. plethos "people, multitude, great number," from PIE base *pel- "to be full;" Mod.Pers. por "full," O.Pers. paru- "much, many," Av. pouru- "much, many," pərəna- "full," par- "to fill," Skt. puru-, Gk. polus, O.E. full "completely, full," from P.Gmc. *fullaz, O.H.G. fol, Ger. voll, Goth. full.

Like Gk., Pers. uses the concepts of "multitude, many, full" to denote "people, group, herd, flock". The following examples are all terms derived from O.Pers. paru- "much, many," Av. par- "to fill," pouru- "much, many," pərəna- "full" (Mod.Pers. por "full"): literary Pers. bâré "herd, flock," parré "a rank or file of soldiers, a circular disposition of troops," Lori, Qâyeni bor "group, tribe, herd," Torbat-Heydariyeyi, Qomi borr "heap, bundle, group," Qomi borreh "group, assemblage of people," Pashtu parrak "flock, herd," Urdu para "flock, herd," Lârestâni baila "group, tribe," Tabari balik "herd, flock." With this introduction, porineš "population," verbal noun of porinidan "to populate," infinitive of porin "populous," from por "mutitude, many, full" + -in attribution suffix.

finite population
  پرینش ِ کرانمند   
porineš-e karânmand

Fr.: population finie   

A → statistical population consisting of individuals or items which are finite in number.

finite; → population.

halo population
  پُرینش ِ هاله   
porineš-e hâlé

Fr.: population du halo   

Old stars with very low metallicities (→ metallicity) found in the → halo of the Galaxy. Also called → population II star.

halo; → population.

infinite population
  پرینش ِ بیکران   
porineš-e bikarân

Fr.: population infinie   

A → statistical population consisting of individuals or items which either possesses the infinite property through some limiting process or is non-enumerable. For example, the population of all → real numbers between 0 and 1 and the population of all → integers are examples of infinite population. In case of random sampling with replacement, any population is always infinite.

infinite; → population.

inverted population
  پرینش ِ واگردانیده، ~ وارون   
porineš-e vâgardânidé, ~ vârun

Fr.: population inversée   

In atomic physics, a condition in which there are more electrons in an upper energy level than in a lower one, while under normal conditions of thermal equilibrium the reverse is true. → optical pumping.

Inverted, p.p. of → invert; → population.

old stellar population
  پرینش ِ ستاره‌ای ِ کهن   
porineš-e setâre-yi-ye kohan

Fr.: population stellaire vielle   

A population of stars in a stellar system that have definitely left the → main sequence.

old; → stellar; → population.

population
  پُرینش   
porineš

Fr.: population   

Statistics: Any finite or infinite set of individuals, items, or data subject to a statistical study. → disk population; → halo population; → population inversion; → Bose-Einstein distribution.

Verbal noun of populate, from M.L. populatus, p.p. of populare "to inhabit," from L. populus "people."

In the IE languages the concepts of "full, many, multitude" and "people, group, herd, flock" are related. In Pers. several variants of por "full, much, many" denote "group, population," as in Lori, Qâyeni bor "group, tribe, herd," Torbat-Heydariyeyi, Qomi borr "heap, bundle, group," Qomi borreh "group, assemblage of people," Pashtu parrak "flock, herd," Urdu para "flock, herd," Lârestâni baila "group, tribe," Tabari balik "herd, flock;" other examples from literary Pers. bâré "herd, flock," parré "a rank or file of soldiers, a circular disposition of troops." Therefore, porineš "population," verbal noun of porinidan "to populate," infinitive of porin "populous," from por "mutitude, many, full" + -in attribution suffix. Por, from Mid.Pers. purr "full;" O.Pers. paru- "much, many;" Av. par- "to fill," parav-, pauru-, pouru- "full, much, many;" PIE base *pelu- "full," from *pel- "to be full;" cf. Skt. puru- "much, abundant;" Gk. polus "many," plethos "great number, multitude;" O.E. full.

Population I star
  ستاره‌ی ِ پرینش ِ I   
setâre-ye-e porineš-e I

Fr.: étoiles de population I   

A member of a class of relatively young stars, containing a large fraction of → metals, found mainly in the disk of the Galaxy.

population; I, Roman number 1; → star.

Population II star
  ستاره‌ی ِ پرینش ِ II   
setâre-ye porineš-e II

Fr.: étoiles de population II   

A member of a population of relatively old stars, containing a small fraction of → metals, found mainly in the → halo of the Galaxy and in → globular clusters.

population; II, Roman number 2; → star.

Population III star
  ستاره‌ی ِ پرینش ِ III   
setâre-ye porineš-e III

Fr.: étoile de population III   

A member of the first generation of stars, formed out of pristine gas, enriched by → primordial nucleosynthesis alone. The material from which these stars formed consisted mostly of hydrogen and helium. Because neutral hydrogen clouds were free of dust, their cooling mechanism was drastically ineffective. As a result, these star forming clouds had a much higher temperature than in the present epoch, and their → Jeans mass was much higher. Therefore, these first generation of stars were principally massive, with a typical mass scale of order of about 100 Msun. Population III stars started forming about 300 million years after the → Big Bang at → redshifts between 50 and 6, when the Universe had between 1 and 5% of its present age. These stars were probably responsible for the → reionization of the Universe. Given their high mass, they lived only a few million years ending with either a → pair-instability supernova phase or a direct collapse to a → black hole. Population III stars thus initiated the chemical enrichment of the Universe and opened the way to more normal modes of star formation, namely → Population II. Some models predict a bimodal → initial mass function for the first stars, allowing also for solar mass stars. See also → extremely metal-poor star.

population; III, Roman number 3; → star.

population inversion
  واگردانی ِ پرینش، وارونش ِ ~   
vâgardâni-ye porineš, vâruneš-e ~

Fr.: inversion des populations   

In physics, specifically statistical mechanics, the state of an atomic or molecular system in which the number of members in an excited state is larger than those in lower energy states. → optical pumping; → inverted population.

population; → inversion.

simple population
  پرینش ِ ساده   
porineš-e sâdé

Fr.: population simple   

A set of stars resulting from a spatially (≤ few pc) and temporally (≤ Myr) correlated star formation event.

simple; → population.

statistical population
  پرینش ِ آماری   
porineš-e âmâri

Fr.: population statistique   

Any collection of individuals or items from which → samples are drawn. See also → finite population, → infinite population.

statistical; → population.

stellar population
  پُرینش ِ ستاره‌ای   
porineš-e setâre-yi

Fr.: population stellaire   

Population I star; → Population II star.

stellar; → population.

stellar population synthesis
  هندایش ِ پرینش‌های ِ ستاره‌ای   
handâyeš-e porinešhâ-ye setâre-yi

Fr.: synthèse de poupulations stellaires   

A theoretical model that reconstructs the integrated spectrum of → stellar populations from an empirical library of stellar spectra containing the range of types expected to be present in the sample. The light received from a given galaxy is emitted by a large number of stars that may have different masses, ages, and metallicities. Stellar population synthesis models are tools for interpreting the integrated light that we observe from the galaxies.

stellar; → population; → model.