An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 88 Search : stellar
circumstellar
  پیراستاره‌ای   
pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: circumstellaire   

Surrounding or occurring around a star.

Circumstellar, from → circum- + → stellar.

circumstellar disk
  گرده‌ی ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
gerde-ye pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: disque circumstellaire   

Any concentration of material in the form of a disk orbiting around a star. → accretion disk; → protoplanetary disk.

circumstellar; → disk.

circumstellar dust
  غبار ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
qobâr-e pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: poussière circumstellaire   

Interstellar → dust grains localized around various types of stars, such as → asymptotic giant branch stars. Circumstellar dust occurs in the form of a spherical shell or a disk and is at the origin of an → infrared excess for the central star. See also → circumstellar matter.

circumstellar; → dust.

circumstellar envelope
  پوشه‌ی ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
puše-ye pirâsetâre-yi

Fr.: enveloppe circumstellaire   

A very extensive envelope of cold gaseous materials surrounding evolved cool stars, notably → red giants, → red supergiants (→ Mira variables), or → asymptotic giant branch stars. The typical size of such envelopes is several thousands times that of the stellar radius and their temperature ranges from 1000 to10 K. Circumstellar envelopes result from mass loss from the central star (10-7 to 10-4solar masses per year) and expand with moderate velocities (10 to 15 km sec-1). The low temperature of the envelope is at the origin of the formation of molecules, which in certain conditions provide → maser emission (H2O, OH, SiO). Similarly, dust grains form in the envelope produce an → infrared excess emission.

circumstellar; → envelope.

circumstellar environment
  پرگیر ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
pargir-e pirâsetâre-yi

Fr.: environnement circumstellaire   

The circumstances or physical conditions related to the immediate surroundings of a star.

circumstellar; → environment.

circumstellar habitable zone
  زنار ِ زیست پذیر ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
zonâr-e zistpazir-e pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: zone habitable circumstellaire   

A zone around a star within which a planet can have temperatures that permit liquid water, depending on the luminosity of the star and the distance of the planet from it.

circumstellar; → habitable zone.

circumstellar maser
  میزر ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
meyzer-e pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: maser circumstellaire   

Maser emission from molecules in the circumstellar envelopes of → red giants, and also from regions around → protostars.

circumstellar; → maser.

circumstellar matter
  ماده‌ی ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
madde-ye pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: matière circumstellaire   

Dust, gas and plasma around stars, generally present in the form of stellar winds or nebulae ejected by the stars.

circumstellar; → matter.

circumstellar outflow
  استچان ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
ostacân-e pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: flot circumstellaire   

A stream of matter into the interstellar medium from a central star.

circumstellar; → outflow.

circumstellar shell
  پوسته‌ی ِ پیراستاره‌ای   
puste-ye pirâsetâreyi

Fr.: coquille circumstellaire   

A shell of dust, molecules, and neutral gas around an evolved star resulting from an intensive mass loss phase, such as the asymptotic giant branch phase for low- and intermediate mass stars and LBVs or supernovae for massive stars.

circumstellar; → shell.

diffuse interstellar band (DIB)
  باند ِ پخشیده‌ی ِ اندر‌اختری   
bând-e paxšide-ye andaraxtari

Fr.: bande diffuse interstellaire   

Absorption features in the spectrum of stars identified in the ultraviolet, visible, and infrared regions. They have an interstellar origin, but despite extensive efforts, their carrier(s) have not yet been clearly identified. See also → Aromatic Infrared Bands; → polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

diffuse; → interstellar; → band.

diffuse interstellar band carrier
  برنده‌ی ِ باند ِ پخشیده‌ی ِ اندر‌اختری   
barande-ye bând-e paxšide-ye andaraxtari

Fr.: porteur des bandes diffuses interstellaires   

The chemical element or composition that is supposedly at the origin of a → diffuse interstellar band (DIB).

diffuse; → interstellar; → band; → carrier.

diffuse interstellar cloud
  ابر ِ اندر‌اختری ِ پخشیده   
abr-e andaraxtari-ye paxšidé

Fr.: nuage interstellaire diffus   

An → interstellar cloud in which hydrogen is completely dissociated and which is less dense and dusty than → molecular clouds. In diffuse interstellar clouds photoabsorption of the background → ultraviolet (UV) radiation field is an important dissociating and ionizing process. Typical densities and temperatures of diffuse clouds are 102 to 103 cm-3 and 20 to 100 K respectively. Because of modest extinctions (≤ 1 mag), → photodissociation processes are important in diffuse clouds preventing the formation of larger molecules.

diffuse; → interstellar; → cloud.

diffuse interstellar medium
  مدیم ِ اندر‌اختری ِ پخشیده   
madim-e andaraxtari-ye paxšidé

Fr.: milieu interstellaire diffus   

The interstellar matter outside condensed molecular clouds. Diffuse interstellar medium consists of a hot intercloud medium, a warm intercloud medium, and a cold neutral medium with hydrogen atom densities nH ~ 0.003, ~ 0.25, and ~ 40 cm-3, and mean gas → kinetic temperatures Tk ~ 5 x 105, ~ 104, and 80 K, respectively.

diffuse; → interstellar; → medium.

interstellar
  اندر-اختری   
andaraxtari

Fr.: interstellaire   

Referring to the medium or objects lying in the space between stars in our Galaxy or outer galaxies.

inter- + → stellar.

interstellar absorption
  درشم ِ اندر-اختری   
daršam-e andaraxtari

Fr.: absorption interstellaire   

The absorption of light from stars and other objects by intervening gas and dust in interstellar space.

interstellar; → absorption.

interstellar bubble
  تنگل ِ اندر-اختری، حباب ِ ~   
tangol-e andaraxtari, hobâb-e ~

Fr.: bulle interstellaire   

A huge structure of ionized gas blown into the interstellar medium by the winds of supernovae and massive stars. → Local Bubble.

interstellar; → bubble.

interstellar cloud
  ابر ِ اندر‌اختری   
abr-e andaraxtari

Fr.: nuage interstellaire   

An aggregation of gas and dust in the → interstellar medium containing large quantities of atoms, molecules, and dust. There are several types of interstellar clouds, such as → diffuse interstellar clouds, → dark clouds, → molecular clouds.

diffuse; → cloud.

interstellar dust
  غبار ِ اندر-اختری   
qobâr-e andaraxtari

Fr.: poussière interstellaire   

An aggregation of → dust grains in the space between stars. Interstellar dust absorbs, scatters, and polarizes the light from distant stars, causing the → interstellar extinction. Large dark regions in the plane of the Milky Way and other galaxies are caused by → intervening clouds of dust. The conclusive proof for the presence of a general and selective interstellar absorption is due to R. J. Trumpler (1930). See also → reddening; → very small grain; → big grain; → PAH.

interstellar; → dust.

interstellar dust grain
  دانه‌ی ِ غبار ِ اندر‌اختری   
dâne-ye qobâr-e andaraxtari

Fr.: grain de poussière interstellaire   

dust grain.

interstellar; → dust; → grain.


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