An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
diffuse molecular cloud
  ابر ِ مولکولی ِ پخشیده   
abr-e molekuli-ye paxšidé

Fr.: nuage moléculaire diffus   

A type of → molecular cloud in which the → interstellar radiation field is sufficiently attenuated, so that the local fraction of → molecular hydrogen (H2) becomes substantial (> 0.1). However, enough interstellar radiation is still present to → photoionize any atomic carbon, or to → photodissociate → carbon monoxide (CO) such that carbon is predominantly still in the form of C+ (> 0.5). In steady state, diffuse molecular clouds must necessarily be surrounded by diffuse atomic gas, in order to provide the → shielding of radiation. This means that most sightlines that cross a diffuse molecular cloud will also cross → diffuse atomic gas (Snow & McCall, 2006, ARA&A 44, 367).

diffuse; → molecular; → cloud.

diffuse nebula
  میغ ِ پخشیده   
miq-e paxšidé

Fr.: nébuleuse diffuse   

An irregularly shaped and low density interstellar cloud visible in the optical wavelengths.

diffuse; → nebula.

diffuse reflection
  بازتاب ِ پخشیده   
bâztâb-e paxšidé

Fr.: réflexion diffuse   

Reflection of light from a rough or granular surface, which takes place in all directions due to the microscopic irregularities of the interface; opposed to → specular reflection.

diffuse; → reflection.

diffuse transmission
  تراگسیل ِ پخشیده   
tarâgosil-e paxšidé

Fr.: transmission diffuse   

Transmission accompanied by diffusion or scatter to the extent that there is no regular or direct transmission.

diffuse; → transmission.

diffuser
  پخشنده، پخشگر   
paxšandé, paxšgar

Fr.: diffuseur   

A device used to scatter or disperse light emitted from a source.

From → diffuse + -er.

From paxš, present stem of paxšidan, → diffuse, + -andé or -gar (→ detector).

diffusion
  پخش   
paxš (#)

Fr.: diffusion   

1) Movement of a gas or liquid as a result of the random thermal motion of its atoms or molecules.
2) The random spreading out of a beam of radiation on reflection (→ diffuse reflection) or transmission through a translucent medium (such as amber, milk, or frosted glass).
3) In chemical thermodynamics, the process of attaining an equilibrium distribution of the → concentration within the phases. A result of diffusion at constant equilibrium is the equalization of the → chemical potentials.
Related terms: → diffraction; → dispersion; → distribution; → scatter; → scattering.

L. diffusionem, from stem of diffundere "scatter, pour out," from dif- "apart, in every direction," → dis-, + fundere "to melt, cast, pour out," from PIE *gheud-, from root *gheu- "to pour."

Paxš, verbal noun and stem of paxšidandiffuse.

diffusion coefficient
  همگر ِ پخش   
hamgar-e paxš

Fr.: coefficient de diffusion   

A factor of proportionality involved in the → diffusion equation. It may be defined as the amount of the quantity diffusing across a unit area through a unit concentration gradient in unit time. → magnetic diffusivity.

diffusion; → coefficient.

diffusion equation
  هموگش ِ پخش   
hamugeš-e paxš

Fr.: équation de diffusion   

An equation that expresses the time rate of change of a quantity in terms of the product of the diffusion coefficient and the → Laplacian operating on the quantity. For example the diffusion equation for temperature is: ∂T/∂t = D2T.

diffusion; → equation.

diffusion region
  ناحیه‌ی ِ پخش   
nâhiye-ye paxš

Fr.: région de diffusion   

A narrow boundary layer above the solar → photosphere, between two magnetic field lines, where the plasma becomes demagnetized or unfrozen. The presence of a localized magnetic region is necessary for → magnetic reconnection.

local; → -ize; → diffusion; → region.

diffusive
  پخشنده، پخشی   
paxšandé, paxši

Fr.: diffusif, de diffusion   

Tending to diffuse; characterized by → diffusion.

diffuse + → -ive.

diffusivity
  پخشندگی، همگر ِ پخش   
paxšandegi, hamgar-e paxš

Fr.: coefficient de diffusion   

1) The ability to permit or undergo diffusion.
2) → magnetic diffusivity.

diffusive; → -ity.

digit
  رقم   
raqam (#)

Fr.: chiffre   

A symbol, numeral, or graphic character that represents an integer.

From L. digitus "finger, toe."

Raqam, from Ar.

digital
  رقمی   
raqami (#)

Fr.: numérique   

1) Of or pertaining to a digit.
2) Representing data as a series of numerical values. Often opposed to → analogue.

digit + → -al.

digital computer
  رایانگر ِ رقمی   
râyângar-e raqami (#)

Fr.: ordinateur numérique   

A computer that accepts and operates with → discrete data in the form of combinations of digits, letters, or other characters. In modern terminology, generally called computer.

digital + → computer.

digitize
  رقمیدن   
raqamidan (#)

Fr.: numériser   

To convert an → analogue signal to a → digital signal that represents the same information as the analogue signal.

digit + → -ize.

dihedral
  دودیمه‌ای   
dodime-yi

Fr.: dihédral   

1) Having formed by two half-planes which intersect.
2) Of or relating to a → dihedron.

dihedron; → -al.

dihedral angle
  زاویه‌ی ِ دودیمی   
zâviye-ye dodimi

Fr.: angle dièdre   

An angle formed by two planes meeting along a common line. Compare with → face angle.

angle; → dihedral.

dihedron
  دودیمه   
dodimé

Fr.: dièdre   

A figure formed by two intersecting planes.

di-; → -hedron.

dilate
  ۱) فراخاندن؛ ۲) فراخیدن   
1) farâxândan; 2) farâxidan (#)

Fr.: 1) dilater; 2) se dilater   

1) (v.tr.) To make wider or larger; cause to expand.
2) (v.intr.) To spread out; expand.

M.E. dilaten, from O.Fr. dilater, from L. dilatare "make wider, enlarge," from → dis- "apart" + latus "wide," → latitude.

Farâxândan, farâxidan, infinitive from farâx "broad, wide, spacious;" Mid.Pers. frâxv, fraxv "broad, wide," frâxvitan, frâxvênitan "to spread."

dilation
  فراخش   
farâxeš (#)

Fr.: dilatation   

The act of dilating; state of being dilated. Also dilatation.
Physics: The increase in volume per unit volume of a homogeneous substance. → time dilation.

Verbal noun of → dilate.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>