An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
English-French-Persian

فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
Poinsot's motion
  جنبش ِ پویءنسو   
jonbeš-e Poinsot

Fr.: mouvement à la Poinsot   

The motion of a torque free rotating rigid body in space, in general whose angular velocity vector precesses regularly about the constant angular momentum factor.

After Louis Poinsot (1777-1859), French physicist and mathematician. He was the inventor of geometrical mechanics, showing how a system of forces acting on a rigid body could be resolved into a single force and a couple.

point
  ۱) نقطه، پنده؛ ۲) آماجیدن   
1) noqté (#), pandé (#); 2) âmâjidan

Fr.: 1) point; 2) pointer   

1a) General: A sharp or tapering end, as of a dagger; a projecting part of anything.
1b) Physics: Position or time of occurrence, as in boiling point, freezing point, etc.
1c) Math.: A dimensionless geometric element whose location in space is defined solely by its coordinates.
2) To direct a telescope toward a particular position on the sky.

M.E. point(e); O.Fr. point "dot, mark, place, moment;" L. punctum noun use of neuter p.p. of pungere "to prick, pierce."

1) Noqté, loan from Ar. Pandé, variants in classical dictionaries pindé, pendé, fand "a point, dot, mole, freckle;" cf. Skt. prānta- "point, tip, border," from pra "before, forward," → pro-, + ánta- "end, limit, term;" Pali, panta- "remote, solitary;" Prakrit panta " last;" Sindhi pandu "border of a garment;" Lahnda pand, pad "end, top of sugar cane."
2) Âmâjidan, verb from âmâj "aim, goal," from Proto-Iranian base *āma-, from prefix *ā- + *ma- "to measure;" cf. Av. mati- "point, tip;" O.Pers./Av. mā(y)- "to measure;" Pers. mun/mân "measure," as in Pers. terms pirâmun "perimeter," âzmun "test, trial," peymân "measuring, agreement," peymâné "a measure; a cup, bowl;" cf. Skt. mati "measures," matra- "measure," Gk. metron "measure," L. metrum; PIE base *me- "to measure."

point mass
  نقطه‌جرم، پنده‌جرم، جرم ِ نقطه‌وار، ~ پنده‌وار   
noqté jerm, pandé jerm, jerm-e noqtevâr, ~ pandevâr

Fr.: masse ponctuelle   

A hypothetical object which can be thought of as infinitely small.

point; → mass.

point source
  نقطه‌خن، پنده‌خن، خن ِ نقطه‌وار، ~ پنده‌وار   
noqté xan, pandé xan, xan-e noqtevâr, pande-ye ~

Fr.: source ponctuelle   

A source of radiation at a great distance from the observer; an ideal source of infinitesimal size.

point; → source.

point spread function (PSF)
  کریای ِ گسترش ِ نقطه، ~ ~ پنده   
karyâ-ye gostareš-e noqté, ~ ~ pandé

Fr.: fonction d'étalement du point   

The two-dimensional intensity distribution about the image of a point source.

point; → spread; → function.

Pointers
  دورهنما   
dorahnemâ

Fr.:   

The two stars that form the front of the Big Dipper's bowl, away from the handle. More specifically, the stars Dubhe (α Ursae Majoris) and Merak (β Ursae Majoris). A line through β to α passes close to the North Star and they are used for finding it.

point + -er.

Dorahnemâ, literally "the two guides," from do "two" + rah, râh "way, path" (from Mid.Pers. râh, râs "way, street," also rah, ras "chariot;" from Proto-Iranian *rāθa-; cf. Av. raθa- "chariot;" Skt. rátha- "car, chariot," rathyā- "road;" L. rota "wheel," rotare "to revolve, roll;" Lith. ratas "wheel;" O.H.G. rad; Ger. Rad; Du. rad; O.Ir. roth; PIE *roto- "to run, to turn, to roll") + nemâ agent noun of nemudan "to show" (Mid.Pers. nimūdan, nimây- "to show," from O.Pers./Av. ni- "down; into" (Skt. ni "down," nitaram "downward," Gk. neiothen "from below," cf. E. nether, O.E. niþera, neoþera "down, downward, below, beneath," from P.Gmc. *nitheraz, Du. neder, Ger. nieder; PIE *ni- "down, below") + māy- "to measure;" cf. Skt. mati "measures," matra- "measure;" Gk. metron "measure;" L. metrum; PIE base *me- "to measure").

pointing
  آماجش   
âmâješ

Fr.: pointage   

The act or process of directing a telescope. → point.
The direction in the sky to which the telescope is pointed. Pointing also describes how accurately a telescope can be pointed toward a particular direction in the sky.

Verbal noun of → point.

pointing model
  مدل ِ آماجش   
model-e âmâješ

Fr.: modèle de pointage   

A mathematical model that reproduces the diurnal rotation of the Earth and is used to direct a telescope toward a precise position on the sky.

pointing; → model.

poise
  پو‌آز   
poise

Fr.: poise   

The unit of viscosity in the c.g.s. system, equal to 1 dyne.s/cm2. Symbol: P

Poise, from Jean-Louis-Marie Poiseuille (1797-1869), a French physiologist and physician who studied the flow of liquids through tubes and developed a method for measuring blood pressure.

Poiseuille's law
  قانون ِ پو‌آزوی   
qânun-e Poiseuille

Fr.: loi de Poiseuille   

In fluid dynamics, the law that the rate of flow of a liquid through a horizontal tube of uniform radius is directly proportional to the pressure of the liquid and the fourth power of the radius of the tube and is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the liquid and the length of the tube.

Named after Jean-Louis-Marie Poiseuille (1797-1869), a French physiologist and physician who found the law in 1844; → law.

Poisson distribution
  واباژش ِ پو‌آسون   
vâbâžeš-e Poisson

Fr.: distribution de Poisson   

A → probability function that characterizes → discrete  → random events occurring independently of one another within some definite time or space. It may be regarded as an approximation of the → binomial distribution when the number of events becomes large and the probability of success becomes small. The Poisson distribution is expressed by: f(x) = (λxe)/x!, where λ is the mean number of successes in the interval, e is the base of the → natural logarithm, and x is the number of successes we are interested in.

Named after Siméon Denis Poisson (1781-1840), French mathematician, who developed the application of Fourier series to physical problems and made major contributions to the theory of probability and to the calculus of variations; → distribution.

Poisson's equation
  هموگش ِ پو‌آسون   
hamugeš-e Poisson

Fr.: équation de Poisson   

An equation (∇2φ = 4πGρ) which relates the gravitational (or electromagnetic) potential to the mass density (or charge density).

Poisson distribution; → equation.

polar
  ۱) قطبی؛ ۲) پلار   
1) qotbi; 2) polâr

Fr.: 1) polaire; 2) polar   

1) Of or pertaining to the pole of any sphere, a magnet, an electric cell, etc.
2) A subclass of → cataclysmic variables, the prototype being AM Herculis. Polars are short-period systems in which a → late-type → main sequence star transfers mass to a highly magnetized → white dwarf. The strong magnetic field (10-70 million → gauss) prevents the formation of an → accretion disk, locks both stars in synchronous rotation and guides the accreting matter to accretion spots which are the source of intense X-ray radiation (material impacts on to the white dwarf where it is radiated away).

1) Adj. of → pole.
2) From polar(ization) + (st)ar, because of their → circularly polarized light.

polar alignment
  آخطش ِ قطبی   
âxateš-e qotbi

Fr.: alignement polaire   

The process or the state of making a → telescope's → polar axis → parallel to the → Earth's → rotation axis, that is with the → true North or → South  → celestial pole. When this is accomplished, the sky's motion can be cancelled out simply by turning the axis (either by hand or with a motor → drive) at the same rate as the rotation of the Earth, but in the opposite direction.

polar; → alignment.

polar axis
  آسه‌ی ِ قطبی   
âse-ye qotbi (#)

Fr.: axe polaire   

The axis of an → equatorial mounting that is parallel to the Earth's axis, and consequently points to the celestial pole.

polar; → axis.

polar bond
  بند ِ قطبی   
band-e qotbi

Fr.: lien polaire   

A chemical bond where the electrons are shared unequally between atoms. The atom that is more electronegative will pull the electrons closer to itself.

polar; → bond.

polar cap
  کلاهک ِ قطبی   
kolâhak-e qotbi

Fr.: calotte polaire   

1) Either of the regions around the poles of the Earth that are permanently covered with ice.
2) Either of the two regions around the poles of the planet Mars, consisting of frozen carbon dioxide and water ice.
3) An area of a → pulsar's surface from where open magnetic field lines emanate.

polar; → cap.

polar circle
  پرهون ِ قطبی، دایره‌ی ِ ~   
parhun-e qotbi, dâyere-ye ~ (#)

Fr.: cercle polaire   

An imaginary parallel circle on the celestial sphere or on the Earth at a distance of 23°.5 from either poles.

polar; → circle.

polar coordinates
  هم‌آراهای ِ قطبی   
hamârâhâ-ye qotbi (#)

Fr.: coordonnées polaires   

A coordinate system in which the position of any point (M) in a plane is specified by two coordinates: 1) ρ, which expresses the distance from a fixed point (the pole, denoted O), and 2) the number φ, which is the angle formed by the line segment OM and a fixed reference line passing through the pole.

polar; → coordinate.

polar cusp
  تیزه‌ی ِ قطبی   
tize-ye qotbi

Fr.: cuspide polaire   

An area in the Earth's → magnetosphere, where the → magnetosheath plasma has direct access to the → ionosphere.

polar; → cusp.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>