An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
antonym
  پادچم   
pâdcem

Fr.: antonyme   

Grammar: A word opposite in meaning to another.

From → anti- + (syn)onym, → synonym.

Pâdcem, from opâd-, → anti-, + cem, → meaning.

antumbra
  پادسایه   
pâdsâyé

Fr.: anti-ombre   

That part of the Moon's shadow that extends beyond the → umbra. It is similar to the → penumbra in that the Sun is only partially blocked by the Moon. From within the antumbra, the Sun appears larger than the Moon which is seen in complete silhouette. An → annular eclipse is seen when an observer passes through the antumbra (F. Espenak, NASA).

anti- + → umbra.

Ap and Bp star
  ستاره‌ی ِ Ap/Bp   
setâre-ye Ap/Bp

Fr.: étoile Ap/Bp   

Same as → Ap/Bp star.

Ap/Bp star.

Ap star
  ستاره‌ی ِ Ap   
setâre-ye Ap

Fr.: étoile Ap   

A star of spectral type A in which lines of ionized metals and → rare-earth elements are abnormally enhanced. Such stars have unusually strong magnetic fields, thousands of times stronger than the Sun's typical surface field. Ap stars are generally slow rotators because of magnetic braking.

A for the spectral type, p for → peculiar; → star.

Ap/Bp star
  ستاره‌ی ِ Ap/Bp   
setâre-ye Ap/Bp

Fr.: étoile Ap/Bp   

A class of → intermediate-mass stars which possess anomalously strong → magnetic fields (about 100-10000 G). Ap/Bp stars typically show → overabundances of → iron peak elements, → rare earths, and → silicon, ranging up to ~2 dex above solar. These magnetic → chemically peculiar stars make up about 5% of the → main sequence A and B population (→ A star, → B star). Ap/Bp stars have predominantly → dipolar magnetic fields. The presence of strong, ordered magnetic fields in some main sequence A and B stars has been known for nearly one-half of a century (Babcock 1947). However the cause of the magnetic field is still a matter of debate. There are two competing theories: the contemporaneous → dynamo effect, and the → fossil magnetic field theory. Contemporaneous dynamo effect suggests that there is a dynamo effect currently working in the → convective core of the star. The fossil field theory assumes that the magnetic field is a remnant, produced by a dynamo effect operating at an earlier evolutionary phase, or swept up from the → interstellar medium during → star formation (Power et al., 2006, astro-ph/0612557).

A and B represent spectral types and p stands for → peculiar.

apastron
  اپاستار، اپاستاره   
apâstâr, apâsetâré

Fr.: apoastre   

The point at which a binary star is furthest from its companion.

Apastron, from Gk. ap-, → apo- + astron "star."

Apâstâr, apâsetâré, from apâ-, → apo-, + stâr, setâré, → star.

aperiodic damping
  میرایی ِ نادوره‌ای   
mirâyi-ye nâdowreyi

Fr.: amortissement apériodique   

A system in which the → damping is great enough to prevent oscillation.

Aperiodic, from → a- + periodic; + → damping.

aperture
  دهانه   
dahâné (#)

Fr.: ouverture   

The diameter of the → primary mirror in a → reflecting telescope, the → objective lens in a → refracting telescope, the → dish of a → radio telescope, or the → entrance pupil of an instrument such as → spectrograph or → photometer.

From L. apertura, from apertus, p.p. of aperire "to open, uncover," from PIE *ap-wer-yo- from *ap- "off, away" + base *wer- "to cover".

Ddahâné "an opening," from dahân, → mouth.

aperture efficiency
  کار‌آیی ِ دهانه   
kârâyi-ye dahâné

Fr.: efficacité d'ouverture   

The ratio of the → effective aperture of a radio telescope to the true aperture.

aperture; → efficiency.

aperture photometry
  شیدسنجی ِ دهانه‌ای   
šidsanji-ye dahânéi

Fr.: photométrie d'ouverture   

Photometry using a diaphragm to isolate a small sky area, either directly with a focal-plane diaphragm, or with an image processing system.

aperture; → photometry.

aperture ratio
  وابر ِ دهانه   
vâbar-e dahâné

Fr.: rapport d'ouverture   

The ratio of the effective diameter of a lens or mirror to its focal length.

aperture; → ratio.

aperture stop
  دریچه‌ی ِ دهانه   
darice-ye dahâné

Fr.: diaphragme d'ouverture   

The diaphragm that limits the diameter of the axial light bundle allowed to pass through a lens.

aperture; → stop.

aperture synthesis
  هندایش ِ دهانه   
handâyeš-e dahâné

Fr.: synthèse d'ouverture   

The method of combining the signals received by several smaller telescopes distributed over a very large area or baseline to provide the high angular resolution of a much large telescope.

aperture; → synthesis.

apex
  چکاد   
cakâd (#)

Fr.: apex   

1) General: The highest point or level.
2) Mathematics: The highest point of a geometric figure or solid relative to some line or plane.
3) Astro.: Solar apex. The point on the celestial sphere toward which the Sun and the solar system are moving relative to the stars in our vicinity.

L. apex "summit, peak, tip," probably related to apere "to fasten, fix," hence "the tip of anything".

Cakâd "summit of a mountain; top, crown of the head, top of the forehead," from Mid.Pers. cakât "summit," cf. Skt. kakud-, kakuda- "peak, summit," L. cacumen "top, point," cumulus "heap."

aphelion
  اپاهور   
apâhur

Fr.: aphélie   

The point in the orbit of a planet, or other object in the solar system, which is furthest from the Sun.

Aphelion, from L. aphelium, from Gk. → apo- + helios "sun," cognate with L. sol, Skt. surya, Av. hvar-, Mod.Pers. xor, hur, O.H.G. sunna, Ger. Sonne, E. sun; PIE *sawel- "sun".

Apâhur, from Pers. prefix apâ, → apo-, + hur "sun."

aphelion distance
  اپست ِ اپاهوری   
apest-e apâhuri

Fr.: distance à l'aphélie   

The distance between the → Sun and an → object in orbit around it when they are at their farthest approach.

perihelion; → distance.

aplanatic lens
  عدسی ِ نابیراه   
adasi-ye nâbirah

Fr.: lentille aplanétique   

A lens designed so as to minimize both its → spherical aberration and → coma.

aplanatism; → lens.

aplanatic system
  راژمان ِ نابیراه   
râžmân-e nâbirah

Fr.: système aplanétique   

An → optical system that is able to produce an image essentially free from → spherical aberration and → coma. See also the → Abbe sine condition.

aplanatism; → system.

aplanatism
  نابیراهی   
nâbirâhi

Fr.: aplanétisme   

Freedom from spherical aberration and coma.

Aplanatism, from aplanatic, from a- "negation prefix" + Gk. plane "wandering," from planasthai "to wander" + -tic adjective-forming suffix.

Nâbirahi, from nâ- "negation prefix" + birah "a devious path; a wanderer, who deviates, errs," + -i noun affix.

apo-
  اپا-   
apâ-

Fr.: apo-   

Prefix meaning "away from, off; out of; without," ap- before a vowel or h.

From Gk. apo "away from, from;" cf. Av. apâ "away from, from."

Persian apâ- from Av. and O.Pers. apâ "away from, from". Compare with Skt. apa "away, off," L. ab- "from, away," Hittite appa, Gothic af-, Ger. ab-, E. of, off; PIE *apo- "off, away."

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>