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defocus vâkânunidan Fr.: défocaliser To cause to deviate from accurate focus. |
deform 1) vâdisidan; 2) vâdisândan Fr.: 1) se déformer; 2) déformer 1) To undergo → deformation. From O.Fr. déformer, from L. deformare "to disfigure," from → de- + → form. Vâdisidan, vâdisândan infinitive from vâdis, from vâ-, → de-, + dis, → form. |
deformable vâdisidani Fr.: déformable Capable of being → deformed. → deformable mirror |
deformable mirror âyene-ye vâdisidani Fr.: miroir déformable A very thin mirror whose shape can be changed by the force applied by many small pistons behind the mirror. Such a mirror is used in the → adaptive optics technique to correct the → wavefront affected by the → atmospheric turbulence. See also → tip-tilt mirror. → deformable; → mirror. |
deformation vâdis, vâdiseš, vâdisâneš Fr.: déformation Altering in the size or shape of a body. See also → deformable. Verbal noun of → deform. |
deformed vâdisidé Fr.: déformé Past participle of → deform. |
defunct nâkâr Fr.: défunt 1) No longer in effect or use; not operating or functioning. M.E., from O.Fr. defunct or directly from L defunctus "dead," literally "off-duty," from p.p. of defungi "to discharge, finish," from → de- "off, completely" + fungi "perform or discharge duty," from PIE root *bheug- "to enjoy" (cognates: Latin fructus). Nâkâr, "disabled" (Dehxodâ), leterally "not working," from negation prefix nâ-, → un-, + kâr, kardan, → work |
defunct comet dombâledâr-e nâkâr Fr.: comète défunte A comet that has lost its ability to emit dust and gas and no longer displays the classic cometary features of a nebulous coma and a tail, or a destroyed comet. Comet Pigott The asteroid (944) Hidalgo is considered by some to be a defunct comet because of its unusual orbit. Another case is the asteroid Phaethon. |
defuzzification vâporzvâreš Fr.: défuzzification, concrétisation The process of producing a quantifiable result in a → fuzzy logic system, given → fuzzy sets and corresponding → membership functions. Defuzzification is the last step in a fuzzy logic system. After → fuzzy inferencing, the overall result is a → fuzzy value. This result should be defuzzified to obtain a final → crisp value. |
defuzzify vâpozvâridan Fr.: défuzzifier To transform a → fuzzy set to a → crisp set in a → fuzzy logic system. |
degeneracy vâgeni (#) Fr.: dégénérescence 1) General: Degenerate state or character. Reverting to an earlier, simpler, state. From degener(ate), → degenerate, + -acy suffix of nouns of quality and state. Vâgeni, from vâgen, → degenerate, + noun suffix -i. |
degeneracy pressure fešâr-e vâgeni (#) Fr.: pression de dégénérescence Pressure in a degenerate electron or neutron gas. → degenerate matter. → degeneracy; → pressure. |
degenerate vâgen (#) Fr.: dégénéré Characterized by or associated with → degeneracy. L. degeneratus, p.p. of degenerare "depart from one's kind, fall from ancestral quality," from → de- + gener-, stem of genus "race, stock, kind," gignere "to beget," cf. with Gk. genos "race, kind," gonos "birth, offspring," from PIE base *gen-/*gon-/*gn- "to produce, beget, be born," cf. Av. zan- "to bear, give birth to a child, be born," infinitive zazāite, zāta- "born," zana- "race" (in sruuô.zana- "belonging to the race of the horned ones"), O.Pers. zana- "tribe" (in paru-zana- "consisting of many tribes"), Skt. janati "begets, bears," jana- "creature, human being, race, tribe, people." Vâgen, from vâ-, → de-, + gen "kind," (as in hamgen "of the same kind, like each other; friend, partner," from ham- "together," → com- + gen "kind," O.Pers./Av. zana- "race; tribe," cognate with L. genus, as above). Alternatively, gen may be a variant of Mid./Mod.Pers. gôn/gun "kind, type; manner; color, skin color," from Av. gaona- "hair, hair color, color." |
degenerate dwarf kutule-ye vâgen Fr.: naine dégénérée Same as → white dwarf. → degenerate; → dwarf. |
degenerate matter mâdde-ye vâgen (#) Fr.: matière dégénérée Highly compressed matter in which the normal atomic structure has broken down and which, because of quantum-mechanical effects, exerts a pressure that is independent of temperature. Bodies with masses less than → Chandrasekhar's limit (1.4 solar masses) are supported by electron → degeneracy pressure and have densities of about 106 kg/m3. In collapsed stars of mass above 1.4 solar masses, gravity will overwhelm electron degeneracy and further collapse ensues. Electrons combine with protons to form neutrons, so producing a → neutron star. Because neutrons, like electrons, are → fermions and therefore subject to the → Pauli exclusion principle, at high enough densities, about 1014 kg/m3, neutron degeneracy pressure prevents further collapse of the star. For masses larger than 2-3 solar masses, even neutron degeneracy cannot prevent further collapse, and a → black hole is formed. → degenerate; → matter. |
degrade vâpadâkidan Fr.: dégrader 1) To lower in dignity or estimation; bring into contempt. |
degree darajé (#) Fr.: degré 1) Subdivision of an interval in a scale of measurement. From O.Fr. degré, from V.L. *degradus "a step," from L.L. degredare, from L. → de- "down" + gradus "step." Darajé, from Ar. darajat "step, ladder." |
degree of coherence dareje-ye hamdusi Fr.: degré de cohérence The extent of → coherence of an → electromagnetic wave, as indicated by a → dimensionless number. Since interference takes place when waves are → coherent, using a → Young's experiment, the degree of coherence is measured from the → fringe → visibility, V. It is defined as the ratio V = (Imax - Imin) / (Imax + Imin), where Imax is the intensity at a maximum of the → interference pattern, and Imin is the intensity at a minimum of the interference pattern. The electromagnetic wave is considered to be highly coherent when the degree of coherence is about 1, incoherent for nearly zero values, and partially coherent for values between 0 and 1. |
degree of freedom daraje-ye âzâdi (#) Fr.: degré de liberté Of a → mechanical system, the number of → independent variables needed to describe its configuration. |
degree of ionization daraje-ye yoneš (#) Fr.: degré d'ionisation The number of electrons a neutral atom has lost in an ionizing physical process (radiation, shock, collision). In spectroscopy, the degree of ionization is indicated by a Roman numeral following the symbol for the element. A neutral atom is indicated by the Roman numeral I, a singly ionized atom, one which has lost one electron, is indicated by II, and so on. Thus O VI indicates an oxygen atom which has lost five electrons. → degree; → ionization. |
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