An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
adoption
  بر-اپتش   
baropteš

Fr.: adoption   

The act of adopting. The state of being adopted.

adopt; → -tion.

adoptive
  بر-اپتشی   
baropteši

Fr.: adoptif   

Of or involving adoption. Acquired or related by adoption.

adopt; → -ive.

Adrastea
  ادرستیءا   
Adrasteâ (#)

Fr.: Adrastée   

The second innermost known satellite of Jupiter, whose orbit is situated at a distance of about 129 000 km from the planet, and its orbital period is of 0.298 days; also known as Jupiter XV. Adrastea is 25 x 20 x 15 km in size.

In Gk. mythology, Adrastea was the daughter of Zeus and Ananke and the distributor of reward and punishments.

adsorb
  برشمیدن   
baršamidan

Fr.: adsorber   

To take up and hold another substance on the surface.

adsorption.

adsorbent
  برشمنده   
baršamandé

Fr.: adsorbant   

1) A material that can hold or condense molecules of another substance on its surface by adsorption.
2) Relating to or capable of adsorption.

From → adsorb + →-ent.

Baršamandé, from baršamidan, → adsorb, + -andé.

adsorption
  برشم   
baršam

Fr.: adsorption   

A process in which a layer of atoms or molecules of one substance forms on the surface of a solid or liquid. → absorption, → desorption, → sorption.

Adsorption from ad- "to" + sorption, from L. sorbere "to suck," → absorption.

Baršam, from bar- "on, upon" + šam "to drink, sip," → absorption.

adult
  برنا   
bornâ (#)

Fr.: adulte   

1) A person who is fully grown or developed or of age.
2) Having attained full size and strength; grown up; mature. A person who has attained the age of maturity as specified by law (Dictionary.com).

From L. adultus "grown up, mature, adult, ripe," p.p. of adolescere "to grow up, mature," from → ad- "to" + alescere "be nourished," from alere "to nourish."

Bornâ, from Mid.Pers. purnây- "adult;" Av. pərənāyu- "adult, old;" (Baluchi warnâ "adolescent"), literally "of full age," from pərəna-, → full, + āyu- "age," → aeon.

advance of perihelion
  پیشرفت ِ پیراهور   
pišraft-e pirâhur

Fr.: avance du périhélie   

The slow rotation of the major axis of a planet's orbit in the same direction as the revolution of the planet itself, due mainly to gravitational interactions with other planets. The perihelion of the planet Mercury advances about 9'.6 per century. The bulk of the advance was accounted by perturbations from other planets. However, a remaining small advance, by 43'' per century, was eventually explained as an effect predicted by Einstein's theory of → general relativity. In the case of close binary stars, the advance of pericenter may additionally be caused by mass transfer and the stars' distorted (elliptical) shapes. Advance of perihelion (or pericenter) is also known as → apsidal motion.

Advance, from O.Fr. avancer "move forward," from V.L. *abantiare, from L.L. abante "from before," from ab- "from" + ante "before," PIE *ant- "front, forehead;" → perihelion.

Pišraft "advance," from piš "forward; in front; before," Mid.Pers. peš + raft "going; walk, travel," from raftan "to go."

advanced wave
  موج ِ پیشرس   
mowj-e pišras

Fr.: onde avancée   

A wave that travels backward in time according to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory; it arrives before it is transmitted. → Maxwell's equations have two solutions, the normal solution describes the ordinary waves, called → retarded waves, traveling forward in time. However, no advanced waves have ever shown up in any experiment. The advanced solutions of Maxwell's equations are usually simply discarded as "unphysical."

Advanced, adj. from advance, → advance of perihelion; → wave.

Mowj, → wave; pišras "advanced," from piš "before," Mid.Pers. peš + ras "arriving," from rasidan "to arrive," Mid.Pers. rasitan, O.Pers./Av. rasa- present stem of ar- "to move, go or come toward," cf. Skt. ar-, rcchati.

advection
  پهنبز   
pahnbaz

Fr.: advection   

1) Geology: The process of transport of a quantity by the velocity field due to the movement of a fluid. Advection differs from → convection, which describes thermally driven circulation.
2) Meteorology: The predominantly horizontal, large-scale motions of the atmosphere. In contrast, convection describes the predominantly vertical, locally induced motions.

From L. advecti "act of conveying," from advectus, past participle of advehere "to carry," from ad-, "to" + vehere "to carry, bring;" Skt. vah-, vahati "to carry, conduct, guide," Av. vaz-, vazaiti "to guide, lead"; PIE *wegh- "to go, transport in a vehicle".

Pahnbaz from pahn "flat, wide, → broad," + baz "to carry," → evection.

advection term
  ترم ِ پهنبز   
tarm-e pahnbaz

Fr.: terme d'advection   

The first term on the right side in the → induction equation.

advection; → term.

advective
  پهنبزی   
pahnbazi

Fr.: advectif   

Adj. from → advection.

adverb
  اپیواز   
apivâz

Fr.: adverbe   

A word that serves to qualify a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or an entire sentence. More specifically, adverbs indicate manner, time, place, cause, or degree, and answer questions such as "how," "when," "where," "how much."

From L.L. adverbium "adverb," literally "that which is added to a verb," from → ad- "to" + verbum "word, → verb," a translation of Gk. epirrhema "adverb," from → epi- "upon, on" + rhema "verb."

Apivâz, from api-, → epi-, + vâz "word," → verb.

adversary
  همستار   
hamestâr (#)

Fr.: adversaire   

1) A person, group, or force that opposes or attacks; opponent; enemy; foe.
2) A person, group, etc., that is an opponent in a contest; contestant (Dictionary.com).

M.E. adversaire; O.Fr. adversaire "opponent, adversary, rival," from L. adversarius "opposite, hostile, contrary," from adversus "turned against," from → ad- + verse, → universe.

Hamestâr, from Mid.Pers. hamestâr "adversary," from Av. hamaēstar-, from ha-, → com-, + maēd- "to bring down, to suppress."

aeolipile
  ایولیپوله   
ayolipulé

Fr.: éolipyle   

A round vessel pivoted on a central axis that rotates by the force of internal steam escaping from two diametrically opposed narrow apertures. Aeolipile, first described by Hero of Alexandria (c. 10-70 AD), is an early example of → jet propulsion.

L aeolipila, from Gk aiolipyle, from Aiolon pyle, fr. aioli-, from Aiolos "god of wind," + pyle "gate."

aeon
  آیو   
âyu

Fr.: éon   

1) General: An indefinitely long period of time; an age.
2) Geology: A unit of geologic time equal to one billion years; US eon.

L. aeon, from Gk. aion "age, eternity;" akin to Av. āiiu- "duration, period, lifetime;" Skt. áyu- "life, longevity."

Âyu, from Av. āiiu- "duration, period, lifetime" (Sogd. āy "life, age"), as above.

aerodynamic
  هواتوانیک   
havâtavânik

Fr.: aérodynamique   

Of or pertaining to → aerodynamics.

aerodynamics.

aerodynamic force
  نیروی ِ هواتوانیک   
niru-ye havâtavânik

Fr.: force aérodynamique   

The force exerted by a gaseous fluid upon a body completely immersed in it caused by their relative motion. The components of aerodynamic force are: → lift and → drag.

aerodynamic; → force.

aerodynamics
  هواتوانیک   
havâtavânik

Fr.: aérodynamique   

The science that is concerned with the study of the → motion of → air and other gaseous → fluids and with the → forces acting on bodies moving through such fluids.

Aerodynamics, from Gk. aero-, → air, + → dynamics.

aerolite
  هواسنگ   
havâsang (#)

Fr.: aérolite   

A stony meteorite consisting of silicate minerals. This alternative name for a stony meteorite, is now largely obsolete.

Aerolite, from Gk. aero-, → air, + Gk. lithos "stone".

Havâsang from Persian havâ "air"; compare with Mid. Pers./Mod. Pers. vây "weather," from Av. vayah-, vaya- "weather, atmosphere," from va- "to blow". Cognate with Skt. va-, Gk. aemi "to blow" + sang, → stone.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>