An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics
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فرهنگ ریشه شناختی اخترشناسی-اخترفیزیک

M. Heydari-Malayeri    -    Paris Observatory

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Number of Results: 13176 Search : in
theoretician
  نگره‌پرداز   
negare-pardâz

Fr.: théoricien   

One who formulates or is expert in the theoretical side of a subject.

From theoretic, from theoretics, from → theory + -ian.

Negare-pardâz, from negaré, → theory, + pardâz, present stem of pardâxtan "to accomplish; bring to perfection; to attempt, to care; to clean; to free;" Mid.Pers. pardâxtan, pardâzidan "to accomplish; to be done with, freed of" ultimately from Proto-Iranian *para-tāxta-, *para-tāca- "to take away; to expel," from *para- "along, forth," → para-, + tāxta-, tāca- "to run, to flow;" cf. Av. tak- "to run, to flow;" Mod.Pers. tâxtan, tâz- "to flow, to cause to walk," → flow.

theorist
  نگره‌پرداز   
negare-pardâz

Fr.: théoricien   

Same as → theoretician.

From theor-, from → theory + -ist a suffix of nouns, often corresponding to verbs ending in -ize or nouns ending in -ism.

theoretician.

theory
  نگره   
negaré (#)

Fr.: théorie   

A coherent set of verified facts, propositions, or principles analyzed in their relation to one another and used to explain and predict phenomena, e.g. the → theory of relativity. The criterion of the scientific status of a theory is its → falsifiability, → refutability, or → testability. See also → hypothesis, → model.

From L.L. theoria, from Gk. theoria "contemplation, speculation, a looking at, things looked at," from theorein "to consider, view, look at," from theoros "spectator," from thea "a view" + horan "to see."

Negaré, from negar present stem of negaridan, negaristan "to look, observe;" Mid.Pers. nigeridan, niger-, nikiritan, nikir- "to look, to watch, to notice, to consider;" ultimately from Proto-Iranian *ni-kar-, from *ni- "down, in, into," → ni- (PIE), + *kar- "to observe, to consider;" cf. Av. kar- "to remember; to impress on memory;" Skt. kal- "to observe, consider," kalayati "considers, observes;" Mid.Pers. kartan "to establish; to declare; to found," (h)angârtan "to consider, to bear in mind, to regard as," us-kâritan "to consider, deliberate, discuss," sikâl, sigâl "thought;" Mod.Pers. engâridan, engâštan "to suppose," segâl "thought," segâlidan "to think, to resolve to injure, to deceive."

theory of everything (TOE)
  نگره‌ی ِ همه چیز   
negare-ye hamé ciz

Fr.: théorie du tout   

Any theory that attempts to describe all the forces of nature including gravity in a single mathematical formalism; e.g. → grand unified theory. → string theory.

theory; every; M.E. every, everich; O.E. æfre ælc "ever each;" → thing.

Negaré, → theory; hamé, → all; ciz, → thing.

theory of relativity
  نگره‌ی ِ بازانیگی   
negare-ye bâzânigi

Fr.: théorie de la relativité   

Any of the two theories put forward by Albert Einstein: → special relativity (1905) and → general relativity (1916).

theory; → relativity;

therm
  ترم   
therm

Fr.: therm   

Any of several commercial units of heat energy, as one equivalent to 106 calories.

From Gk. therme "heat," → thermal.

thermal
  گرمایی   
garmâ-yi (#)

Fr.: thermique   

Of, pertaining to, or caused by heat or temperature.

From M.Fr. thermal, from Gk. therme "heat," cognate with Pers. garm "warm," as below.

Garmâyi, adj. of garmâ "heat, warmth," from Mid.Pers. garmâg; O.Pers./Av. garəma- "hot, warm;" cf. Skt. gharmah "heat;" cognate with Gk. therme, thermos, as above; PIE *ghworm-/*ghwerm- "warm."

thermal agitation
  ژیلش ِ گرمایی   
ſileš-e garmâyi

Fr.: agitation thermique   

1) The random movement of the molecules of a substance, the energy of which is, by kinetic theory, synonymous with the heat content of the substance.
2) Solid state physics: The random motion of free electrons in a conductor due to heat energy.

thermal; → agitation.

thermal bremsstrahlung
  لگام-تابش ِ گرمایی   
legâm-tâbeš-e garmâyi

Fr.: bremsstrahlung thermique   

The emission of electromagnetic radiation from high temperature plasma, produced as electrons are deviated by positive ions. Same as → free-free emission

thermal; → bremsstrahlung.

thermal conduction
  هازش ِ گرمایی   
hâzeš-s garmâyi

Fr.: conduction thermale   

A process that occurs in a medium where a → temperature gradient exists: dQ = -κ(dT/dx)dA.dt, where dQ is the amount of heat passing through the time dt across an area dA in the direction of the normal x to this area and toward the reduction in temperature, κ is the → thermal conductivity, and (dT/dx) the temperature gradient.

thermal; → conduction.

thermal conductivity
  هازندگی ِ گرمایی   
hâzandegi-ye garmâyi

Fr.: conductivité thermale   

In → thermal conduction, the amount of heat passing across unit area per unit time and per unit → temperature gradient.

thermal; → conductivity.

thermal detector
  آشکارگر ِ گرمایی   
âškârgar-e garmâyi

Fr.: détecteur thermique   

A detector that senses the change of temperature due to the absorption of photons.

thermal; → detector.

thermal diffusion
  پخش ِ گرمایی   
paxš-e garmâyi

Fr.: diffusion thermique   

A physical process resulting from → temperature gradients in stellar interiors, whereby more highly charged and more massive chemical species are concentrated toward the hottest region of the star, its center. Therefore, thermal diffusion and → gravitational settling tend to make heavier species sink relative to the light ones.

thermal; → diffusion.

thermal emission
  گسیل ِ گرمایی   
gosil-e garmâyi (#)

Fr.: émission thermique   

thermal radiation.

thermal; → emission.

thermal energy
  کاروژ ِ گرمایی   
kâruž-e garmâyi

Fr.: énergie thermique   

1) The energy in the form of heat emitted by an object by virtue of its temperature.
2) The total potential and kinetic energies associated with the random motions of the particles of a material. The quantity of thermal energy possessed by a body determines its temperature. The thermal energy which is absorbed, given up, or transferred from one material to another is heat.
3) The characteristic energy of → thermal neutrons at room temperature, about 0.025 eV.

thermal; → energy.

thermal equilibrium
  ترازمندی ِ گرمایی   
tarâzmandi-ye garmâyi (#)

Fr.: équilibre thermique   

In thermodynamics, the state of a system all parts of which have attained a uniform temperature and no net heat exchange is taking place between it and its surroundings. If two bodies are in thermal equilibrium, they have the same temperature. Thermal equilibrium is the central criterion of the → zeroth law of thermodynamics. See also → local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE).

thermal; → equilibrium.

thermal escape
  گریز ِ گرمایی   
goriz-e garmâyi

Fr.: échappement thermique   

An → atmospheric escape that occurs when irradiation from a parent star (or a very high heat flux from a planet interior) heats a planetary atmosphere, causing its molecules to escape to space. In basic models, the theory assumes neutral species with a → Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of velocities, which occurs when collisions between molecules are frequent. Thermal escape has two types: → Jeans' escape and → hydrodynamic escape (see, e.g., Catling, D. C. and Kasting, J. F., 2017, Escape of Atmospheres to Space, pp. 129-167. Cambridge University Press).

thermal; → escape.

thermal excitation
  بر‌انگیزش ِ گرمایی   
barangizeš-e garmâyi

Fr.: excitation thermique   

A process in which collisions that occur between particles cause atoms or molecules to obtain additional kinetic energy.

thermal; → excitation.

thermal expansion
  سپانش ِ گرمایی   
sopâneš-e garmâyi

Fr.: expansion thermique   

The change in dimensions of a material resulting from a change in temperature.

thermal; → expansion.

thermal gradient
  زینه‌ی ِ گرمایی   
zine-ye garmâyi

Fr.: gradient thermique   

A vector quantity that depends on the distribution of temperature in three dimensions with respect to a given point. The magnitude and orientation of the maximum thermal gradient are given by: ∇T = (∂T/∂x)i + (∂T/∂y)j + (∂T/∂z)k, where T is the temperature distribution function in three dimensions, and i, j, and k are the unit vectors along the x, y, and z axes defining the temperature field. Same as → temperature gradient.

thermal; → gradient.

<< < -es -it -sc 201 951 abe abs abs aca acc acc aco act ada adh ado aer aft air Alf alg alk alp Alt alt amb ana And ang ani ann ant ant ant apo app app Apu arc arg Arn art ass ast ast ast atm ato att aur aut avo azi bac bal bar bar bat Bea Bel bet bia big bin bio Bir bla bla blo Blu bol Boo bou box bre Bri bro bur cal cal Can cap car Car cat cau cel cen cen cha Cha cha che Chi chr cir cir civ cla clo clo CMB coa coe coh col col col com com com com com com com com Com con con con con con con con con con con con con coo cor cor cor Cos cos cos cou cou cra cri cro cry cul cur cyc D l dar dat day dea dec dec dec def def deg Del Den dep der det deu dew dic dif dif dil dip dir dis dis dis dis dis diu dog Dop dou Dra Dsc dus dwa dyn Dys Ear ecc eco edg egg Ein Ela ele ele ele ele ell eme emp enc eng ent epi equ equ equ eru eth Eur eve exa exc exe exi exo exp ext ext ext fab fai Fan fea fem fer fie fil fir fir fla fli flu foc for for for fra fre fre fri fun fuz gal gal gal Gam gau Gau gen geo geo geo geo Gib glo gov gra gra gra gra gre gro Gui H-a hal Ham har Hay hea hei hel Hel her het hie hig hoa hom hor hot Hub Hug hur hyd hyd hyl hyp ice ide ima ima imp imp inc inc ind ine inf inf inf ing inn ins ins int int int int int int int int inv inv ion iro Isl iso iso Jab jet Jov Jup Kar Kep kil Kip Kra Lag Lam Lan Lar las law lea Leg Leo lev lig lim lin lin lin lit loc loc log Lor low lum lun lun Lym Mac mag mag mag mag mag mai Mal map mas mas mat Mau mea mea med Men mer Mes Met met mic mic Mie mil min Mir mix mod mol mom Moo mor mov mul mur n-b nan nat nea neg Ner neu new New NGC noc nom non non nor nor nuc nuc nul nut obj obl obs occ oct off old one ope opp opt opt orb ord org Ori osc oth ove Owl P-s Pal par par par par Pas pat pec pen per per per per per Pha pha pho pho pho phy pie pix Pla pla pla pla Pli Poi pol pol pol pol por pos pos pow pre pre pre pre pri pri pri pro pro pro pro pro pro pro pub pul pyc qua qua qua qua qui rad rad rad rad rad rad rai ran rar Ray rea Rea rec rec red red ref ref reg rel rel rel ren res res res res ret rev Ric rig rin roc roo rot rot rur S5- Sal sat sca sca Sch sci Scu sec sec sed sel sel sem seq set sha she sho sid sie sil sim sin sit sky slo sno sod sol sol sol sol son sou spa spa spe spe spe spe sph spi spo squ sta sta sta sta ste ste ste Sti sto str str sub sub sub sul sup sup sup sup sur sur syl syn sys tal Tay tel ten ter tex the the the the Tho thr tid tim Tit too Tor tra tra Tra tra Tra tri Tri tru tub tur two Typ ult ult unc uni uni uni upl ura uti val var vec vel ver Ver vie vir vis vis vol W-R war wav wav wea Wei wha wid win WN3 Wol wri xen yok zen zij > >>